Ancestry Publications

Zeberg Hugo, H Jakobsson, Mattias M et al.

Cell

Wang Ke, K Prüfer, Kay K et al.

Cell genomics

Rathmann Hannes, H Kyle, Britney B et al.

American journal of physical anthropologyAm J Phys AnthropolPopulation history of southern Italy during Greek colonization inferred from dental remains.519534519-53410.1002/ajpa.23937We are testing competing scenarios regarding the population history of the ancient Greek colonization of southern Italy using dental phenotypic evidence.We collected dental metric and nonmetric trait data for 481 human skeletons from six archaeological sites along the Gulf of Taranto, dating to pre-colonial (900-700 BC) and post-colonial periods (700-200 BC). We are evaluating scenarios through an individual-level biodistance analysis using a three-pronged approach: (a) by analyzing levels of mobility in pre- and post-colonial periods under a model of isolation-by-distance; (b) by quantifying differences in group means and variances in pre- and post-colonial periods utilizing permutational multivariate analysis of variance and Betadisper analyses; and (c) by identifying ancestries of post-colonial individuals using naïve Bayes classification.Southern Italy during pre-colonial times was characterized by low levels of mobility and marked differences in group means and variances. During post-colonial times, mobility increased and there were no differences in group means and variances. About 18% of the people in post-colonial times were of Greek ancestry and lived equally distributed across Greek colonies and indigenous villages. Nevertheless, the overall biological composition and variability of southern Italy remained relatively unchanged across pre- and post-colonial periods.Our results support a scenario in which only few Greek colonists migrated to southern Italy and lived in smaller numbers alongside indigenous people in Greek colonies as well as in indigenous villages. Our results contradict a scenario in which large numbers of Greek invaders founded biologically isolated and substantially homogeneous colonial enclaves within conquered territories.© 2019 The Authors. American Journal of Physical Anthropology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.RathmannHannesH0000-0002-7830-4667DFG Center for Advanced Studies "Words, Bones, Genes, Tools", Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.KyleBritneyB0000-0001-6004-8039Department of Anthropology, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado.NikitaEfthymiaEScience and Technology in Archaeology and Culture Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus.HarvatiKaterinaKDFG Center for Advanced Studies "Words, Bones, Genes, Tools", Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.Saltini SemerariGiuliaGInstitute for Classical Archaeology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.engGerda Henkel FoundationInternationalDFG FOR 2237German Research FoundationInternationalPeople in Motion project: EXCELLENCE/1216/0023Research Promotion FoundationInternationalEuropean Regional Development FundInternationalGrant Agreement 811068H2020 Promised ProjectInternationalUniversity of Northern ColoradoInternationalFulbright U.S. Student Program for Cultural and Educational ExchangeInternationalHistorical ArticleJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20191021United StatesAm J Phys Anthropol04006540002-9483IMAnthropology, PhysicalGreeceHistory, AncientHuman MigrationhistoryHumansItalyPhenotypeToothanatomy & histologyGreek colonizationbiodistancedental metricsdental nonmetric traitssouthern Italy201912320195320199520191022602020620602019102260ppublish3163320210.1002/ajpa.23937REFERENCES