A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

SpainBronze Age Southeast Iberia

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

BA individual, Spain

Sample ID: PUC004

Date Range

1748 BCE - 1625 BCE

Cultural Period

Bronze Age Southeast Iberia

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

V

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Laborer (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Spain
Locality Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros
Coordinates 38.6274, -0.8646
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

BA individual, Spain 1748 BCE - 1625 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Overview

Bronze Age Southeast Iberia (c. 2200–900 BCE) marks a period when local communities increasingly expressed social and economic differentiation through durable goods and metallurgy. Material culture shows both continuity in settlement lifeways and changing craft practices over time.

Region & Environment

This era is centered on southeast Iberia, encompassing coastal Mediterranean landscapes as well as interior valleys and uplands. River corridors, fertile soils, and access to marine resources supported mixed exploitation, while local differences in water availability and terrain shaped where settlements and fields could be maintained.

Historical Context

Across the Bronze Age in Iberia, regional trajectories were influenced by wider networks that linked different parts of the peninsula and the broader Mediterranean. In the southeast, developments in metalworking and consumption were gradual rather than uniform, producing recognizable regional styles and patterns in burial and domestic assemblages.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations were likely organized in small communities with households engaged in farming, herding, and craft work. Daily subsistence would have depended on cereals and pulses where soils allowed, complemented by livestock and foraging. Metal production and skilled craft activities suggest specialized knowledge distributed unevenly across settlements.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Archaeological signatures include bronze items and metal-related technologies alongside pottery traditions that allow regional comparison. Settlement debris, storage and cooking vessels, and locally made tools point to sustained domestic production. Where present, mortuary remains and grave goods can indicate status differentiation, though the strength and meaning of these signals vary by site and dataset.

Culture & Society

Culture and society in this region are best approached through patterns in craft production, exchange, and reuse of technologies. Shared material conventions—such as recurring vessel forms and metalworking practices—suggest communication among communities, while variability implies local identities within a broader Iberian framework. Social roles likely included both agricultural labor and specialist craft work.

Legacy & Transition

By the end of this period (approaching the early first millennium BCE), patterns in material culture and settlement organization would have continued to evolve toward later Iberian phases. The long Bronze Age sequence provides an important backdrop for understanding how later Iron Age societies in Iberia inherited—then transformed—earlier traditions in metallurgy, pottery styles, and community organization.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 100.0%
Southern European 75.7%
Iberian 38.6%
Sardinian 23.2%
Italian 14.0%
Northwestern European 24.3%
English 15.6%
Northwestern European 7.4%
Finnish 1.3%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in Spain in the Bronze Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Spanish La Rioja
2.6964
2
Basque Soule
2.8759
3
Spanish Burgos
2.9414
4
Spanish Navarra
3.0951
5
French Bigorre
3.1197
6
Basque Navarre Center
3.1301
7
Spanish Pirineu
3.1529
8
Spanish Aragon
3.1609
9
French Bearn
3.1807
10
Basque Spanish
3.2198
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
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EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
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EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
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EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1889 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1878 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1960 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1943 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1919 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1898 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1945 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1882 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2127 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2012 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1944 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1882 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1896 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1883 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1954 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1739 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1874 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1932 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1741 BCE Murcia. La Almoloya. El Argar, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1884 BCE Murcia. Pliego. La Almoloya, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
LBA individual, Spain Late Bronze Age Spain 1200 BCE Balearic Islands. Menorca. Ciutadella. Es Forat de ses Aritges, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2023 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA BA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1750 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2130 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2192 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2134 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
MBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1620 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1865 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2000 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 1871 BCE Murcia. Totana. La Bastida, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age La Horna, Spain 1620 BCE Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age La Horna, Spain 1611 BCE Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain 2200 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain 2197 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain View
Early individual, Spain Early El Argar Culture Molinos de Papel, Spain 2297 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Molinos del Papel, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Neolithic to Bronze Age Transition in Iberia 2200 BCE Barcelona. Terrasa. Miquel Vives, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Cabezo Redondo, Southeast Spain 1538 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cabezo Redondo, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia 1881 BCE Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia 1888 BCE Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia 1750 BCE Murcia. Moratalla. Cerro del Morrón, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia 2021 BCE Murcia. Lorca. Los Tintes, Spain View
BA individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Southeast Iberia 2000 BCE Murcia. Lorca. Madre Mercedarias Iglesias, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1669 BCE Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain View
Iberian individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Peñón de la Zorra, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1879 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1741 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1882 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1748 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 2559 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 2579 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Murcia. Caravaca. Camino del Molino, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Cueva de las Lechuzas, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SE Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Planes. Cova d' En Pardo, Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain View
SW Iberia C-o individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE Sevilla. Valencina de la Concepción. PP4-Montelirio, Spain View
SW Iberia BA individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 1750 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 3300 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
SW Iberia individual, Spain Chalcolithic Southwest Iberia 2893 BCE PP4-Montelirio (Andalusia, Sevilla, Valencina de la Concepción), Spain View
Zapateria EBA Argar individual, Spain The Argaric Culture of Spain 2200 BCE Murcia. Lorca. Zapatería, Spain View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1669 BCE Alicante. Aspe. La Horna, Spain View
Iberian individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 3300 BCE Alicante. Villena. Peñón de la Zorra, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1879 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1741 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
EBA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1882 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
BA individual, Spain Bronze Age Southeast Iberia 1748 BCE Alicante. Villena. Puntal de los Carniceros, Spain View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

PUC004,0.1213066,0.1566709,0.0427867,-0.0088937,0.05515144,-0.0064564,-0.00109916,0.00601758,0.0315737,0.04961048,-0.0075864,0.01365264,-0.02375022,-0.01029236,0.00442558,0.0011345,-0.00690178,-0.0015119,-0.0011742,-0.00223204,0.00481098,0.00589142,-0.01152636,-0.01340556,0.00311722
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