Exclusive Admixture / Reference model

Global Ancestry K30 2023 with Jewish Populations

Statistical genetic similarity to this calculator's reference populations. Read the modeled weights with the panel's context.

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Selected sampleDEMO REPORT

Largest componentIberian 20.3% of this model

Model components21positive contributions

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Model results

Population composition

Read the exact modeled percentages beside reference geography and its limitations.

Reference contributions

Iberian Primary region 20.3%

North And Central European 16.5%

East European 8.7%

Balkan 6.2%

Near East 5.8%

Finland 5.8%

Sardinian 5.6%

North British Isles 5.2%

Anatolia Caucasus 4.8%

North African 2.8%

Africa East 2.7%

Scandinavia 2.7%

Arabia 2.3%

Bengal 1.8%

East Asia 1.7%

Central African 1.7%

North Italy 1.7%

Central Mediterranean Islander 1.5%

West African 0.8%

Ashkenazi Jewish 0.8%

Oceania 0.8%

Exact model percentages appear on the right; bars are relative to the largest displayed contribution. Rounding can affect the total. Components below 5% are grouped under "Other".

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The numerical composition remains available if the chart cannot load.

Explore component context

Regions

Reference regions

Click any region to explore detailed information

Iberian

20.3%

This region represents 20.3% of this reference model.

North And Central European

16.5%

This region represents 16.5% of this reference model.

East European

8.7%

This region represents 8.7% of this reference model.

Balkan

6.2%

This region represents 6.2% of this reference model.

Near East

5.8%

This region represents 5.8% of this reference model.

Finland

5.8%

This region represents 5.8% of this reference model.

Sardinian

5.6%

This region represents 5.6% of this reference model.

North British Isles

5.2%

This region represents 5.2% of this reference model.

Smaller reference components

Small modeled weights depend on the reference panel and do not establish distant ancestry or family connections.

Anatolia Caucasus 4.79%

North African 2.79%

Africa East 2.72%

Scandinavia 2.70%

Arabia 2.26%

Bengal 1.83%

East Asia 1.74%

Central African 1.69%

North Italy 1.67%

Central Mediterranean Islander 1.48%

West African 0.77%

Ashkenazi Jewish 0.76%

Oceania 0.75%

Supporting analysis

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

Inspect chromosome-level contributions within this reference model.

Exclusive Feature

By Chromosome By Region Table

Chromosome 1

Balkan Primary region 20.2%

North And Central European 19.8%

Finland 12.8%

Iranian Plateau 8.9%

North Italy 8.7%

North African 6.7%

East European 5.9%

Iberian 5.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 2

Iberian Primary region 21.1%

East European 17.4%

North And Central European 10.4%

Scandinavia 8.7%

Near East 8.2%

Central Mediterranean Islander 7.6%

Finland 6.0%

North Italy 5.7%

Central African 2.3%

North African 2.2%

Sardinian 2.2%

Ashkenazi Jewish 2.1%

North British Isles 1.7%

East Asia 1.6%

Oceania 1.2%

Americas 0.9%

Africa East 0.8%

West African 0.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 3

Iberian Primary region 31.8%

East European 20.5%

Balkan 12.0%

Finland 9.9%

West African 8.0%

North African 6.7%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 4

Iberian Primary region 28.6%

Scandinavia 16.3%

Near East 15.4%

North African 7.6%

Finland 7.2%

East European 6.8%

Ashkenazi Jewish 5.8%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 5

North And Central European Primary region 22.4%

Iberian 18.4%

Near East 12.5%

Balkan 8.0%

North British Isles 5.7%

East Mediterranean 5.4%

Finland 5.4%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 6

North And Central European Primary region 15.2%

East European 11.4%

North Central Asia 10.0%

North British Isles 9.5%

East Mediterranean 8.5%

Iberian 8.3%

Arabia 8.0%

West African 7.9%

Central Mediterranean Islander 5.7%

Ashkenazi Jewish 5.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 7

Iberian Primary region 20.7%

Finland 10.2%

Bengal 8.4%

North And Central European 7.9%

Iranian Plateau 6.7%

Central Mediterranean Islander 5.8%

Arabia 5.3%

Africa East 5.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 8

East European Primary region 24.6%

Sardinian 14.2%

North British Isles 11.5%

North African 11.2%

Africa East 5.8%

Iberian 4.5%

Iranian Plateau 4.2%

North And Central European 3.5%

Central African 3.1%

Balkan 3.0%

North Central Asia 2.7%

Anatolia Caucasus 2.5%

Central Mediterranean Islander 2.3%

Oceania 2.0%

Finland 1.9%

Central Asia 1.7%

Scandinavia 1.2%

Americas 0.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 9

Iberian Primary region 20.4%

North British Isles 13.8%

Ashkenazi Jewish 13.4%

Sardinian 12.6%

Americas 7.4%

Iranian Plateau 7.2%

North Italy 7.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 10

North And Central European Primary region 27.8%

Iberian 22.7%

East Mediterranean 15.7%

North British Isles 10.5%

South East Asia 5.0%

Central Indian Subcontinent 4.1%

North African 3.4%

Scandinavia 3.2%

Near East 2.2%

Balkan 1.7%

Africa East 1.3%

Anatolia Caucasus 0.9%

Oceania 0.7%

Americas 0.4%

East European 0.2%

Central African 0.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 11

Iberian Primary region 46.8%

Arabia 15.9%

North And Central European 12.2%

Scandinavia 7.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 12

North And Central European Primary region 16.2%

Sardinian 13.5%

Central Indian Subcontinent 11.0%

Scandinavia 10.9%

North British Isles 10.7%

Iberian 9.6%

North Italy 9.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 13

North And Central European Primary region 34.8%

Near East 18.5%

North Italy 11.8%

Anatolia Caucasus 6.8%

North British Isles 6.1%

Sardinian 5.7%

East Asia 5.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 14

Arabia Primary region 26.5%

North And Central European 24.0%

Balkan 12.0%

Sardinian 11.0%

Bengal 8.9%

North Italy 4.6%

Central Mediterranean Islander 4.0%

Iberian 3.2%

North African 2.7%

West African 1.0%

Scandinavia 0.8%

Finland 0.7%

Oceania 0.3%

Central African 0.2%

Africa East 0.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 15

Chromosome 16

North And Central European Primary region 21.2%

Arabia 20.5%

Iberian 18.9%

Balkan 12.1%

North British Isles 9.3%

Southern Indian Subcontinent 6.7%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 17

North And Central European Primary region 23.0%

Balkan 16.2%

Finland 14.8%

Sardinian 12.6%

Arabia 12.3%

North Italy 8.2%

Central Mediterranean Islander 6.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 18

East European Primary region 24.3%

North And Central European 23.7%

Sardinian 21.2%

Arabia 15.5%

North Central Asia 5.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 19

Sardinian Primary region 27.7%

North British Isles 19.3%

North Italy 14.5%

West African 12.3%

Americas 10.5%

Finland 8.4%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 20

Finland Primary region 15.1%

North British Isles 14.7%

North Italy 12.7%

Anatolia Caucasus 10.6%

West African 9.3%

East European 8.5%

Scandinavia 7.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 21

Sardinian Primary region 20.7%

Iberian 20.1%

Anatolia Caucasus 16.8%

North British Isles 11.9%

Africa East 9.9%

Balkan 9.5%

Scandinavia 5.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 22

Iberian Primary region 27.0%

Finland 15.3%

Sardinian 13.7%

Near East 12.3%

North British Isles 9.0%

East Mediterranean 8.7%

West African 5.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Sort:

30 regions detected | 22 chromosomes analyzed |

Iberian

18 chr • 46.8% • 18.8%

15.37% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 11: 46.8%

1 5.10%
2 21.10%
3 31.82%
4 28.58%
5 18.35%
6 8.25%
7 20.65%
8 4.51%
9 20.41%
10 22.67%
11 46.81%
12 9.55%
13 2.13%
14 3.16%
15 29.05%
16 18.88%
21 20.14%
22 27.03%

North And Central European

16 chr • 39.5% • 19.0%

13.84% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 15: 39.5%

1 19.77%
2 10.42%
4 2.89%
5 22.38%
6 15.16%
7 7.90%
8 3.47%
10 27.81%
11 12.23%
12 16.18%
13 34.84%
14 24.04%
15 39.48%
16 21.16%
17 22.97%
18 23.70%

Sardinian

16 chr • 27.7% • 10.4%

7.55% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 27.7%

1 0.75%
2 2.17%
3 1.36%
7 3.94%
8 14.23%
9 12.58%
11 1.94%
12 13.50%
13 5.68%
14 11.00%
17 12.55%
18 21.16%
19 27.65%
20 3.11%
21 20.74%
22 13.71%

North British Isles

16 chr • 19.3% • 9.0%

6.56% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 19.3%

2 1.73%
3 3.48%
5 5.72%
6 9.45%
7 4.14%
8 11.46%
9 13.83%
10 10.48%
12 10.70%
13 6.10%
15 2.96%
16 9.30%
19 19.27%
20 14.72%
21 11.89%
22 9.00%

East European

13 chr • 24.6% • 10.4%

6.14% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 8: 24.6%

1 5.94%
2 17.42%
3 20.48%
4 6.78%
5 4.10%
6 11.37%
7 4.14%
8 24.56%
10 0.22%
11 4.17%
16 3.10%
18 24.27%
20 8.46%

Balkan

13 chr • 20.2% • 9.2%

5.46% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 1: 20.2%

1 20.18%
3 11.98%
4 3.74%
5 8.04%
8 2.98%
10 1.73%
14 11.98%
15 12.84%
16 12.06%
17 16.16%
19 4.65%
20 4.26%
21 9.50%

Finland

14 chr • 15.3% • 8.3%

5.26% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 22: 15.3%

1 12.79%
2 6.01%
3 9.86%
4 7.18%
5 5.42%
6 1.46%
7 10.23%
8 1.86%
14 0.69%
15 6.56%
17 14.84%
19 8.39%
20 15.14%
22 15.27%

Arabia

10 chr • 26.5% • 11.3%

5.14% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 14: 26.5%

6 7.99%
7 5.27%
9 4.56%
11 15.87%
12 1.19%
14 26.54%
16 20.49%
17 12.30%
18 15.47%
20 3.44%

North Italy

10 chr • 14.5% • 8.2%

3.75% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 14.5%

1 8.67%
2 5.65%
5 0.28%
9 7.02%
12 9.11%
13 11.75%
14 4.63%
17 8.19%
19 14.46%
20 12.72%

Scandinavia

13 chr • 16.3% • 6.0%

3.53% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 4: 16.3%

2 8.68%
4 16.31%
7 3.82%
8 1.17%
9 1.94%
10 3.23%
11 7.27%
12 10.85%
14 0.81%
15 7.85%
16 3.23%
20 7.27%
21 5.28%

Near East

7 chr • 18.5% • 10.2%

3.25% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 18.5%

2 8.18%
4 15.37%
5 12.54%
10 2.24%
13 18.51%
20 2.46%
22 12.25%

North African

12 chr • 11.2% • 4.3%

2.35% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 8: 11.2%

1 6.68%
2 2.22%
3 6.69%
4 7.61%
5 1.07%
6 4.74%
7 4.36%
8 11.21%
10 3.43%
14 2.70%
17 0.66%
18 0.42%

Anatolia Caucasus

8 chr • 16.8% • 6.3%

2.30% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 16.8%

5 4.80%
8 2.53%
10 0.92%
12 3.91%
13 6.83%
18 4.17%
20 10.55%
21 16.79%

West African

9 chr • 12.3% • 5.5%

2.23% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 12.3%

2 0.01%
3 7.98%
5 3.99%
6 7.86%
12 0.77%
14 1.02%
19 12.27%
20 9.34%
22 5.87%

East Mediterranean

7 chr • 15.7% • 6.1%

1.93% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 10: 15.7%

1 0.18%
5 5.43%
6 8.53%
7 2.51%
10 15.67%
20 1.36%
22 8.70%

Central Mediterranean Islander

8 chr • 7.6% • 5.1%

1.84% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 2: 7.6%

2 7.57%
6 5.68%
7 5.82%
8 2.30%
11 4.85%
13 3.36%
14 3.98%
17 6.86%

Africa East

11 chr • 9.9% • 3.3%

1.65% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 9.9%

2 0.78%
4 2.99%
5 2.92%
7 5.26%
8 5.77%
9 4.40%
10 1.28%
14 0.06%
16 0.32%
21 9.88%
22 2.54%

Ashkenazi Jewish

9 chr • 13.4% • 3.9%

1.60% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 9: 13.4%

2 2.07%
3 0.50%
4 5.83%
6 5.20%
9 13.42%
12 4.38%
16 0.74%
18 2.15%
21 0.99%

Iranian Plateau

7 chr • 8.9% • 4.9%

1.57% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 1: 8.9%

1 8.87%
7 6.65%
8 4.17%
9 7.18%
12 4.77%
20 2.18%
22 0.74%

Central African

16 chr • 4.8% • 1.9%

1.35% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 4.8%

1 0.05%
2 2.26%
5 1.09%
7 2.11%
8 3.10%
9 3.17%
10 0.19%
11 2.73%
14 0.21%
15 1.26%
17 0.72%
18 2.74%
19 2.87%
20 1.37%
21 4.80%
22 0.97%

Bengal

5 chr • 8.9% • 5.3%

1.20% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 14: 8.9%

1 4.20%
4 1.23%
7 8.41%
14 8.93%
20 3.62%

Americas

10 chr • 10.5% • 2.6%

1.17% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 10.5%

1 2.80%
2 0.86%
5 0.54%
8 0.27%
9 7.43%
10 0.41%
13 0.63%
17 2.22%
19 10.46%
22 0.05%

North Central Asia

4 chr • 10.0% • 5.8%

1.05% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 10.0%

6 9.99%
8 2.73%
13 4.45%
18 5.92%

Oceania

12 chr • 3.9% • 1.8%

0.96% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 22: 3.9%

1 0.01%
2 1.24%
3 3.80%
5 3.33%
8 1.97%
9 1.32%
10 0.66%
12 2.03%
13 0.17%
14 0.25%
17 2.53%
22 3.87%

Central Indian Subcontinent

4 chr • 11.0% • 4.3%

0.78% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 12: 11.0%

1 1.83%
7 0.20%
10 4.06%
12 10.99%

South East Asia

4 chr • 5.0% • 3.3%

0.60% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 10: 5.0%

3 2.06%
10 5.01%
12 2.07%
16 3.99%

East Asia

4 chr • 5.6% • 2.9%

0.53% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 5.6%

2 1.62%
6 0.27%
11 4.13%
13 5.55%

Southern Indian Subcontinent

2 chr • 6.7% • 5.4%

0.49% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 6.7%

6 4.04%
16 6.74%

Central Asia

3 chr • 4.6% • 2.8%

0.39% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 7: 4.6%

1 2.19%
7 4.60%
8 1.69%

North East Asia

2 chr • 2.8% • 2.1%

0.19% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 9: 2.8%

4 1.48%
9 2.75%

Chromosome Heatmap 30 regions

100%

Scroll horizontally to view all chromosomes

Region	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
Iberian 1
Iberian	5.1%	21.1%	31.8%	28.6%	18.4%	8.2%	20.6%	4.5%	20.4%	22.7%	46.8%	9.6%	2.1%	3.2%	29.0%	18.9%	-	-	-	-	20.1%	27.0%
North And Central European 1
North And Central European	19.8%	10.4%	-	2.9%	22.4%	15.2%	7.9%	3.5%	-	27.8%	12.2%	16.2%	34.8%	24.0%	39.5%	21.2%	23.0%	23.7%	-	-	-	-
Sardinian 1
Sardinian	0.8%	2.2%	1.4%	-	-	-	3.9%	14.2%	12.6%	-	1.9%	13.5%	5.7%	11.0%	-	-	12.6%	21.2%	27.6%	3.1%	20.7%	13.7%
North British Isles 1
North British Isles	-	1.7%	3.5%	-	5.7%	9.4%	4.1%	11.5%	13.8%	10.5%	-	10.7%	6.1%	-	3.0%	9.3%	-	-	19.3%	14.7%	11.9%	9.0%
East European 1
East European	5.9%	17.4%	20.5%	6.8%	4.1%	11.4%	4.1%	24.6%	-	0.2%	4.2%	-	-	-	-	3.1%	-	24.3%	-	8.5%	-	-
Balkan 1
Balkan	20.2%	-	12.0%	3.7%	8.0%	-	-	3.0%	-	1.7%	-	-	-	12.0%	12.8%	12.1%	16.2%	-	4.6%	4.3%	9.5%	-
Finland 1
Finland	12.8%	6.0%	9.9%	7.2%	5.4%	1.5%	10.2%	1.9%	-	-	-	-	-	0.7%	6.6%	-	14.8%	-	8.4%	15.1%	-	15.3%
Arabia 1
Arabia	-	-	-	-	-	8.0%	5.3%	-	4.6%	-	15.9%	1.2%	-	26.5%	-	20.5%	12.3%	15.5%	-	3.4%	-	-
North Italy 1
North Italy	8.7%	5.6%	-	-	0.3%	-	-	-	7.0%	-	-	9.1%	11.8%	4.6%	-	-	8.2%	-	14.5%	12.7%	-	-
Scandinavia 1
Scandinavia	-	8.7%	-	16.3%	-	-	3.8%	1.2%	1.9%	3.2%	7.3%	10.8%	-	0.8%	7.8%	3.2%	-	-	-	7.3%	5.3%	-
Near East 1
Near East	-	8.2%	-	15.4%	12.5%	-	-	-	-	2.2%	-	-	18.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.5%	-	12.2%
North African 1
North African	6.7%	2.2%	6.7%	7.6%	1.1%	4.7%	4.4%	11.2%	-	3.4%	-	-	-	2.7%	-	-	0.7%	0.4%	-	-	-	-
Anatolia Caucasus 1
Anatolia Caucasus	-	-	-	-	4.8%	-	-	2.5%	-	0.9%	-	3.9%	6.8%	-	-	-	-	4.2%	-	10.6%	16.8%	-
West African 1
West African	-	0.0%	8.0%	-	4.0%	7.9%	-	-	-	-	-	0.8%	-	1.0%	-	-	-	-	12.3%	9.3%	-	5.9%
East Mediterranean 1
East Mediterranean	0.2%	-	-	-	5.4%	8.5%	2.5%	-	-	15.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.4%	-	8.7%
Central Mediterranean Islander 1
Central Mediterranean Islander	-	7.6%	-	-	-	5.7%	5.8%	2.3%	-	-	4.8%	-	3.4%	4.0%	-	-	6.9%	-	-	-	-	-
Africa East 1
Africa East	-	0.8%	-	3.0%	2.9%	-	5.3%	5.8%	4.4%	1.3%	-	-	-	0.1%	-	0.3%	-	-	-	-	9.9%	2.5%
Ashkenazi Jewish 1
Ashkenazi Jewish	-	2.1%	0.5%	5.8%	-	5.2%	-	-	13.4%	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	0.7%	-	2.2%	-	-	1.0%	-
Iranian Plateau 1
Iranian Plateau	8.9%	-	-	-	-	-	6.6%	4.2%	7.2%	-	-	4.8%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.2%	-	0.7%
Central African 1
Central African	0.0%	2.3%	-	-	1.1%	-	2.1%	3.1%	3.2%	0.2%	2.7%	-	-	0.2%	1.3%	-	0.7%	2.7%	2.9%	1.4%	4.8%	1.0%
Bengal 1
Bengal	4.2%	-	-	1.2%	-	-	8.4%	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.9%	-	-	-	-	-	3.6%	-	-
Americas 1
Americas	2.8%	0.9%	-	-	0.5%	-	-	0.3%	7.4%	0.4%	-	-	0.6%	-	-	-	2.2%	-	10.5%	-	-	0.0%
North Central Asia 1
North Central Asia	-	-	-	-	-	10.0%	-	2.7%	-	-	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	-	5.9%	-	-	-	-
Oceania 1
Oceania	0.0%	1.2%	3.8%	-	3.3%	-	-	2.0%	1.3%	0.7%	-	2.0%	0.2%	0.2%	-	-	2.5%	-	-	-	-	3.9%
Central Indian Subcontinent 1
Central Indian Subcontinent	1.8%	-	-	-	-	-	0.2%	-	-	4.1%	-	11.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
South East Asia 1
South East Asia	-	-	2.1%	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.0%	-	2.1%	-	-	-	4.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-
East Asia 1
East Asia	-	1.6%	-	-	-	0.3%	-	-	-	-	4.1%	-	5.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Southern Indian Subcontinent 1
Southern Indian Subcontinent	-	-	-	-	-	4.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	6.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-
Central Asia 1
Central Asia	2.2%	-	-	-	-	-	4.6%	1.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
North East Asia 1
North East Asia	-	-	-	1.5%	-	-	-	-	2.8%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Iberian Iberian

Chr 1 5.1%

Chr 2 21.1%

Chr 3 31.8%

Chr 4 28.6%

Chr 5 18.4%

Chr 6 8.2%

Chr 7 20.6%

Chr 8 4.5%

Chr 9 20.4%

Chr 10 22.7%

Chr 11 46.8%

Chr 12 9.6%

Chr 13 2.1%

Chr 14 3.2%

Chr 15 29.0%

Chr 16 18.9%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 20.1%

Chr 22 27.0%

North And Central European North And Central European

Chr 1 19.8%

Chr 2 10.4%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 2.9%

Chr 5 22.4%

Chr 6 15.2%

Chr 7 7.9%

Chr 8 3.5%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 27.8%

Chr 11 12.2%

Chr 12 16.2%

Chr 13 34.8%

Chr 14 24.0%

Chr 15 39.5%

Chr 16 21.2%

Chr 17 23.0%

Chr 18 23.7%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Sardinian Sardinian

Chr 1 0.8%

Chr 2 2.2%

Chr 3 1.4%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 3.9%

Chr 8 14.2%

Chr 9 12.6%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 1.9%

Chr 12 13.5%

Chr 13 5.7%

Chr 14 11.0%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 12.6%

Chr 18 21.2%

Chr 19 27.6%

Chr 20 3.1%

Chr 21 20.7%

Chr 22 13.7%

North British Isles North British Isles

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 1.7%

Chr 3 3.5%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 5.7%

Chr 6 9.4%

Chr 7 4.1%

Chr 8 11.5%

Chr 9 13.8%

Chr 10 10.5%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 10.7%

Chr 13 6.1%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 3.0%

Chr 16 9.3%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 19.3%

Chr 20 14.7%

Chr 21 11.9%

Chr 22 9.0%

East European East European

Chr 1 5.9%

Chr 2 17.4%

Chr 3 20.5%

Chr 4 6.8%

Chr 5 4.1%

Chr 6 11.4%

Chr 7 4.1%

Chr 8 24.6%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.2%

Chr 11 4.2%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 3.1%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 24.3%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 8.5%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Balkan Balkan

Chr 1 20.2%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 12.0%

Chr 4 3.7%

Chr 5 8.0%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 3.0%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 1.7%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 12.0%

Chr 15 12.8%

Chr 16 12.1%

Chr 17 16.2%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 4.6%

Chr 20 4.3%

Chr 21 9.5%

Chr 22 -

Finland Finland

Chr 1 12.8%

Chr 2 6.0%

Chr 3 9.9%

Chr 4 7.2%

Chr 5 5.4%

Chr 6 1.5%

Chr 7 10.2%

Chr 8 1.9%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.7%

Chr 15 6.6%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 14.8%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 8.4%

Chr 20 15.1%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 15.3%

Arabia Arabia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 8.0%

Chr 7 5.3%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 4.6%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 15.9%

Chr 12 1.2%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 26.5%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 20.5%

Chr 17 12.3%

Chr 18 15.5%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 3.4%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North Italy North Italy

Chr 1 8.7%

Chr 2 5.6%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 0.3%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 7.0%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 9.1%

Chr 13 11.8%

Chr 14 4.6%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 8.2%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 14.5%

Chr 20 12.7%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Scandinavia Scandinavia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 8.7%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 16.3%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 3.8%

Chr 8 1.2%

Chr 9 1.9%

Chr 10 3.2%

Chr 11 7.3%

Chr 12 10.8%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.8%

Chr 15 7.8%

Chr 16 3.2%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 7.3%

Chr 21 5.3%

Chr 22 -

Near East Near East

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 8.2%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 15.4%

Chr 5 12.5%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 2.2%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 18.5%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 2.5%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 12.2%

North African North African

Chr 1 6.7%

Chr 2 2.2%

Chr 3 6.7%

Chr 4 7.6%

Chr 5 1.1%

Chr 6 4.7%

Chr 7 4.4%

Chr 8 11.2%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 3.4%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 2.7%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 0.7%

Chr 18 0.4%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Anatolia Caucasus Anatolia Caucasus

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 4.8%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.5%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.9%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 3.9%

Chr 13 6.8%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 4.2%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 10.6%

Chr 21 16.8%

Chr 22 -

West African West African

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 0.0%

Chr 3 8.0%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 4.0%

Chr 6 7.9%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 0.8%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 1.0%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 12.3%

Chr 20 9.3%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 5.9%

East Mediterranean East Mediterranean

Chr 1 0.2%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 5.4%

Chr 6 8.5%

Chr 7 2.5%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 15.7%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 1.4%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 8.7%

Central Mediterranean Islander Central Mediterranean Islander

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 7.6%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 5.7%

Chr 7 5.8%

Chr 8 2.3%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 4.8%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 3.4%

Chr 14 4.0%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 6.9%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Africa East Africa East

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 0.8%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 3.0%

Chr 5 2.9%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 5.3%

Chr 8 5.8%

Chr 9 4.4%

Chr 10 1.3%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.1%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 0.3%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 9.9%

Chr 22 2.5%

Ashkenazi Jewish Ashkenazi Jewish

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 2.1%

Chr 3 0.5%

Chr 4 5.8%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 5.2%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 13.4%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 4.4%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 0.7%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 2.2%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 1.0%

Chr 22 -

Iranian Plateau Iranian Plateau

Chr 1 8.9%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 6.6%

Chr 8 4.2%

Chr 9 7.2%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 4.8%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 2.2%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 0.7%

Central African Central African

Chr 1 0.0%

Chr 2 2.3%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 1.1%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 2.1%

Chr 8 3.1%

Chr 9 3.2%

Chr 10 0.2%

Chr 11 2.7%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.2%

Chr 15 1.3%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 0.7%

Chr 18 2.7%

Chr 19 2.9%

Chr 20 1.4%

Chr 21 4.8%

Chr 22 1.0%

Bengal Bengal

Chr 1 4.2%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 1.2%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 8.4%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 8.9%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 3.6%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Americas Americas

Chr 1 2.8%

Chr 2 0.9%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 0.5%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 0.3%

Chr 9 7.4%

Chr 10 0.4%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 0.6%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.2%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 10.5%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 0.0%

North Central Asia North Central Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 10.0%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.7%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 4.4%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 5.9%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Oceania Oceania

Chr 1 0.0%

Chr 2 1.2%

Chr 3 3.8%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 3.3%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.0%

Chr 9 1.3%

Chr 10 0.7%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 2.0%

Chr 13 0.2%

Chr 14 0.2%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.5%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 3.9%

Central Indian Subcontinent Central Indian Subcontinent

Chr 1 1.8%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 0.2%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 4.1%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 11.0%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

South East Asia South East Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 2.1%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 5.0%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 2.1%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 4.0%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

East Asia East Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 1.6%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 0.3%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 4.1%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 5.6%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Southern Indian Subcontinent Southern Indian Subcontinent

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 4.0%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 6.7%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Central Asia Central Asia

Chr 1 2.2%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 4.6%

Chr 8 1.7%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North East Asia North East Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 1.5%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 2.8%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

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Reference

Reference Panel

Populations used in this analysis

Africa East

East Africa Bantu +2 more

Encompasses diverse populations from the Horn of Africa and the East African Rift, including Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia and neighboring areas. Genetic profiles reflect mixtures of Nilotic, Cushitic, Bantu and Afroasiatic-speaking groups shaped by long-standing pastoralist, agricultural and trading histories. This region shows pronounced internal structure driven by language, subsistence, and geography.

East Africa Bantu Cushitic Pastoralist

Related Regions:

Horn of Africa
Great Rift Valley
Coastal East Africa

Central African

Central Africa Bantu +2 more

Covers populations from the Congo Basin and surrounding forest-savanna mosaic, including parts of the DRC, Cameroon and Gabon. Genetic diversity here is high, reflecting long-term habitation, deep Pygmy and Bantu lineages, and localized adaptations to rainforest and riverine ecologies. Cultural and linguistic diversity is mirrored by strong regional genetic structure.

Central Africa Bantu Rainforest Pygmy

Related Regions:

Congo Basin
Cameroon Highlands
Gulf of Guinea

North African

North Africa Berber +2 more

Includes populations across the Maghreb and Nile corridor such as Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, shaped by Berber, Arab and Mediterranean contacts. Genetic signals combine indigenous North African (Berber) ancestry with input from Near Eastern, sub-Saharan African and later Mediterranean movements. The region has long been a crossroads linking Africa, Europe and West Asia.

North Africa Berber Maghreb Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Maghreb
Nile Valley
Mediterranean Coast

West African

West Africa Niger-Congo +2 more

Represents populations from coastal and inland West Africa including Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal and surrounding nations, notable for immense ethnolinguistic diversity. The genetic landscape features major West African hunter-gatherer and farming ancestries, especially extensive Bantu and Niger-Congo related components, with deep population structure and regional adaptations. This region is also a primary source for the African diaspora.

West Africa Niger-Congo Bantu High diversity

Related Regions:

Gulf of Guinea
Sahel transition
Coastal West Africa

Americas

Americas Indigenous +2 more

Represents the genetic mixture resulting from Indigenous American ancestries combined with European, African and Asian gene flows following contact and migration. Populations range from predominantly Indigenous groups to highly admixed urban populations (e.g., mestizo, Afro-Latinx), reflecting regional colonial histories and recent migrations. Patterns vary sharply by geography, colonial source, and local demographic history.

Americas Indigenous Admixture Colonial history

Related Regions:

North America
Central America
South America

Anatolia Caucasus

Anatolia Caucasus +2 more

Covers populations of modern Turkey and the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan), regions with deep archaeological and historical layers. Genetic variation reflects Neolithic farmer legacies, steppe and Near Eastern inputs, and unique highland isolates in the Caucasus that preserve ancient lineages. The area is a genetic crossroads between Europe, West Asia and the Eurasian steppe.

Anatolia Caucasus Neolithic Highland isolates

Related Regions:

Anatolian plateau
South Caucasus
Eastern Anatolia

Central Asia

Central Asia Turkic +2 more

Encompasses populations across Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and adjacent regions characterized by Turkic, Iranian and Mongolic influences. Genetic profiles show mixtures of West Eurasian (Iranian/European) ancestry with East Eurasian/steppe contributions due to millennia of nomadic mobility, trade and empire-building. Central Asia is notable for high levels of admixture and clinal variation along east–west and north–south axes.

Central Asia Turkic Steppe Nomadic

Related Regions:

Kazakh steppe
Fergana Valley
Uzbekistan

Central Indian subcontinent

India Central +2 more

Represents populations from central India, reflecting a mosaic of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian and tribal ancestries across varied ecological zones. Genetic structure captures ancient south–north clines, localized tribal isolates, and historical gene flow from both northern and southern Indian source populations. Cultural and linguistic heterogeneity is mirrored in complex regional genetic signatures.

India Central Indo-Aryan Tribal

Related Regions:

Madhya Pradesh
Vidarbha
Chhattisgarh

East Asia

East Asia Sino-Tibetan +3 more

Includes major populations from China, Japan and Korea, with long-standing agricultural, linguistic and cultural traditions. Genetic patterns show shared northern East Asian ancestry components with regional differentiation driven by historical migrations, isolation-by-distance, and localized admixture events. East Asia also exhibits strong correlations between genetics and palaeo-environmental histories of agriculture and settlement.

East Asia Sino-Tibetan Han Chinese Japanese Korean

Related Regions:

China
Korea
Japan

Iranian Plateau

#10

Iran Persian +2 more

Relates to populations centered on Iran and adjacent highland regions, with a deep Persian cultural and linguistic heritage. Genetic signatures combine ancient Near Eastern farmer ancestry, Zagros hunter-gatherer components, and later inputs from steppe and southern neighbors, producing a distinctive plateau profile. The region has been a long-standing conduit for exchanges between South, West and Central Asia.

Iran Persian Zagros Plateau

Related Regions:

Iran
Zagros Mountains
Kurdistan

Near East

#11

Levant Near East +2 more

Encompasses Levantine populations such as those from Israel, Lebanon and Syria, regions central to early agriculture and historical empires. Genetic variation reflects a mix of indigenous Levantine ancestry with contributions from Anatolia, Arabia and the Nile corridor, shaped by trade, migration and religious/cultural shifts. The Near East preserves signals of both ancient Near Eastern farmers and later demographic movements.

Levant Near East Neolithic Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Levant
Eastern Mediterranean
Jordan

North central Asia

#12

Mongolia Steppe +2 more

Comprises populations from Mongolia and the northern reaches of Kazakhstan and adjoining steppe zones, characterized by strong nomadic traditions. Genetic profiles carry pronounced East Eurasian components mixed variably with West Eurasian ancestry due to historical west–east population movements. The region retains signatures of pastoralist lifeways and rapid demographic shifts associated with past empires and migrations.

Mongolia Steppe Nomadic East Eurasian

Related Regions:

Mongolian Plateau
Northern Kazakhstan
Altai region

North east Asia

#13

Northeast Asia Siberian +2 more

Includes populations from northeastern China, the Russian Far East and adjacent Siberian areas, featuring strong circumpolar and Tungusic affinities. Genetic diversity includes East Asian, Siberian and Paleo-Eskimo related components that reflect cold-climate adaptations and complex north–south gene flows. This region connects inland East Asia with Arctic and Beringian histories.

Northeast Asia Siberian Tungusic Arctic connections

Related Regions:

Manchuria
Russian Far East
Northeastern China

South east Asia

#14

Southeast Asia Austronesian +2 more

Represents populations across mainland and island Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines), with high linguistic and cultural diversity. Genetic makeup combines indigenous hunter-gatherer substrata, Austroasiatic and Austronesian expansions, and later South Asian and East Asian inputs, producing complex regional admixture patterns. Island versus mainland contrasts are pronounced due to maritime migrations and isolation.

Southeast Asia Austronesian Austroasiatic Island-mainland

Related Regions:

Indochina
Malay Archipelago
Philippines

Southern Indian subcontinent

#15

South India Dravidian +2 more

Covers populations from southern India and Sri Lanka, where Dravidian languages and cultures are predominant. Genetic signals reflect deep local continuity, Dravidian-associated ancestry, and varying degrees of northern Indian and external gene flow, with notable endogamy and caste-mediated structure in many groups. The region displays distinct genetic features compared with northern India.

South India Dravidian Sri Lanka Endogamy

Related Regions:

Tamil Nadu
Kerala
Sri Lanka

Ashkenazi Jewish

#16

Jewish Ashkenazi +2 more

Relates to Jewish communities historically centered in Central and Eastern Europe, with a distinctive genetic profile shaped by founder events and endogamy. Ashkenazi genomes show a mixture of Middle Eastern ancestral components and substantial European admixture, alongside reduced diversity from bottlenecks and population growth. This group is genetically and culturally well-characterized and important for medical genetics research.

Jewish Ashkenazi Founder effect European-Middle Eastern

Related Regions:

Central Europe
Eastern Europe
Levant

Balkan

#17

Balkans Southeast Europe +2 more

Covers populations across the Balkan Peninsula (Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania and neighbors), an area of complex historical migrations and cultural interactions. Genetic landscapes show layers of ancient Neolithic farmers, Bronze Age steppe movements, and later Slavic, Byzantine and Ottoman influences, producing high substructure across short geographic distances. Local isolates and admixture events have left varied regional signatures.

Balkans Southeast Europe Slavic Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Balkan Peninsula
Adriatic coast
Aegean region

East European

#18

East Europe Slavic +2 more

Includes populations from eastern parts of Europe such as Poland, Russia and Ukraine, largely reflecting Slavic linguistic and cultural ties. Genetic variation combines local hunter-gatherer, Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age steppe ancestries, with later regional admixture and founder effects in specific populations. The region shows broad clines correlating with geography and historical population movements.

East Europe Slavic Steppe Broad clines

Related Regions:

Eastern Europe
Poland
Ukraine

Finland

#19

Finland Uralic +2 more

Represents the Finnish population, notable for its Uralic language and relative genetic distinctiveness within Europe due to historical bottlenecks and founder events. Finns show heightened frequencies of certain genetic variants and a north–south internal cline reflecting settlement history and isolation. Finland is often treated as a distinct genetic cluster in European population studies.

Finland Uralic Founder effect Northern Europe

Related Regions:

Fennoscandia
Baltic region
Northern Europe

Iberian

#20

Iberia Spain +2 more

Comprises populations from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), with genetic legacies from prehistoric Europeans, Roman and Visigothic periods, and substantial medieval gene flow including North African and Atlantic contacts. Regional substructure is apparent (e.g., Basque, Catalan, Andalusian) due to geography, historical isolation and admixture. Iberia bridges Mediterranean and Atlantic genetic influences.

Iberia Spain Portugal Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Iberian Peninsula
Basque Country
Atlantic coast

North British Isles

#21

British Isles Celtic +2 more

Relates to populations from Scotland, Northern Ireland and nearby islands, characterized by Celtic and Gaelic cultural roots alongside later Norse and Anglo influences. Genetic signatures include distinct northern British components with regional differentiation across islands, highlands and lowlands owing to historical isolation and settlement patterns. The group often shows unique Y-chromosome and mtDNA patterns compared with southern Britain.

British Isles Celtic Gaelic Norse

Related Regions:

Scotland
Northern Ireland
Outer Hebrides

North Italy

#22

Northern Italy Alpine +2 more

Covers populations from northern Italy, a region with distinct historical, linguistic and genetic features compared with the Italian south. Influences include ancient Roman, Celtic, Alpine and later Germanic and Mediterranean inputs, producing measurable substructure and regional differentiation. Northern Italy often clusters separately in European genetic analyses due to these combined histories.

Northern Italy Alpine Mediterranean Regional substructure

Related Regions:

Po Valley
Lombardy
Veneto

North and central European

#23

Central Europe Germanic +2 more

Encompasses populations across Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and surrounding central–northern European areas sharing Germanic and related ancestries. Genetic patterns reflect a mix of ancient European hunter-gatherers, Neolithic farmers and Bronze Age steppe admixture, with regional variation driven by later migrations and population structure. This cluster often represents core northern/central European genetic backgrounds.

Central Europe Germanic Northern Europe Neolithic

Related Regions:

Germany
Netherlands
Belgium

Sardinian

#24

Sardinia Island isolate +2 more

Refers to populations from the island of Sardinia, which preserve unique genetic signatures due to long-term isolation and relative continuity since the Neolithic. Sardinians often show elevated levels of early European farmer ancestry and reduced later steppe-related admixture, making them valuable as a proxy for ancient Mediterranean genomes. Distinct population history has also led to specific medical genetics patterns.

Sardinia Island isolate Neolithic continuity Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Sardinia
Tyrrhenian Sea
Mediterranean islands

Scandinavia

#25

Scandinavia Nordic +2 more

Includes populations from Norway, Sweden and Denmark characterized by Nordic cultural and genetic patterns. Scandinavian genomes reflect a blend of Mesolithic hunter-gatherer ancestry, Neolithic farmer contributions and notable steppe-derived components, with regional gradients north to south and coastal–inland differences. Viking-era movements and later demographic events have further shaped local genetic structure.

Scandinavia Nordic Viking Northern Europe

Related Regions:

Norway
Sweden
Denmark

Oceania

#26

Oceania Austronesian +2 more

Represents the indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand (Māori) and the Pacific Islands, shaped by ancient coastal and maritime expansions. Genetic landscapes include deep Aboriginal Australian lineages, Austronesian expansions across the Pacific, and varying Papuan-related ancestry in Near Oceania, producing strong island–mainland contrasts. Cultural diversity and long-term isolation have produced many regionally distinct genetic signatures.

Oceania Austronesian Papuan Aboriginal

Related Regions:

Australia
Polynesia
Melanesia

Exclusive Admixture Report

Population composition

Reference contributions

Reference regions

Iberian

North And Central European

East European

Balkan

Near East

Finland

Sardinian

North British Isles

Smaller reference components

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

Iberian

Iberian

North And Central European

North And Central European

Sardinian

Sardinian

North British Isles

North British Isles

East European

East European

Balkan

Balkan

Finland

Finland

Arabia

Arabia

North Italy

North Italy

Scandinavia

Scandinavia

Near East

Near East

North African

North African

Anatolia Caucasus

Anatolia Caucasus

West African

West African

East Mediterranean

East Mediterranean

Central Mediterranean Islander

Central Mediterranean Islander

Africa East

Africa East

Ashkenazi Jewish

Ashkenazi Jewish

Iranian Plateau

Iranian Plateau

Central African

Central African

Bengal

Bengal

Americas

Americas

North Central Asia

North Central Asia

Oceania

Oceania

Central Indian Subcontinent

Central Indian Subcontinent

South East Asia

South East Asia

East Asia

East Asia

Southern Indian Subcontinent

Southern Indian Subcontinent

Central Asia

Central Asia

North East Asia

North East Asia

No regions found

Composition infographic

AI infographic

AI Assistant

Reference Panel

Africa East