Exclusive Admixture / Reference model

Global Ancestry K34 2023 with Jewish Populations

Statistical genetic similarity to this calculator's reference populations. Read the modeled weights with the panel's context.

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Selected sampleDEMO REPORT

Largest componentNorthwestern European 63.0% of this model

Model components15positive contributions

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Model results

Population composition

Read the exact modeled percentages beside reference geography and its limitations.

Reference contributions

Northwestern European Primary region 63.0%

West Asian 8.5%

Sardinian 4.8%

Central African 4.7%

South Asian 4.6%

North African 4.3%

French Basque 3.0%

Anatolian 2.1%

East Asian 1.5%

Southeast Asian 1.5%

Nigerian 0.9%

Irish Scottish Welsh 0.5%

Native American 0.5%

Melanesian 0.1%

Southern European 0.1%

Exact model percentages appear on the right; bars are relative to the largest displayed contribution. Rounding can affect the total. Components below 5% are grouped under "Other".

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The numerical composition remains available if the chart cannot load.

Explore component context

Regions

Reference regions

Click any region to explore detailed information

Northwestern European

63.0%

This region represents 63.0% of this reference model.

West Asian

8.5%

This region represents 8.5% of this reference model.

Smaller reference components

Small modeled weights depend on the reference panel and do not establish distant ancestry or family connections.

Sardinian 4.83%

Central African 4.68%

South Asian 4.63%

North African 4.26%

French Basque 2.97%

Anatolian 2.10%

East Asian 1.52%

Southeast Asian 1.50%

Nigerian 0.89%

Irish Scottish Welsh 0.53%

Native American 0.48%

Melanesian 0.11%

Southern European 0.05%

Supporting analysis

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

Inspect chromosome-level contributions within this reference model.

Exclusive Feature

By Chromosome By Region Table

Chromosome 1

Northwestern European Primary region 65.4%

Anatolian 11.9%

North African 8.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 2

Northwestern European Primary region 65.6%

Central African 6.0%

Balkan 5.5%

Southern European 5.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 3

Northwestern European Primary region 45.8%

French Basque 17.4%

Nigerian 11.2%

Eastern European 10.6%

Southeast Asian 6.7%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 4

Northwestern European Primary region 53.3%

North African 15.8%

French Basque 7.6%

Ashkenazijews 7.5%

Scandinavian 6.7%

East African 5.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 5

Northwestern European Primary region 71.2%

West Asian 14.0%

East African 8.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 6

Balkan Primary region 22.1%

North African 16.8%

South Asian 12.2%

Northwestern European 10.4%

West African 7.9%

Yakut 7.0%

Southern European 5.8%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 7

Northwestern European Primary region 54.7%

South Asian 13.2%

West Asian 10.0%

East African 8.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 8

Southern European Primary region 23.4%

Northwestern European 20.1%

Balkan 11.7%

Irish Scottish Welsh 7.4%

Mixed Amerindian 7.2%

North African 7.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 9

Northwestern European Primary region 42.8%

Ashkenazijews 15.9%

Sardinian 11.5%

Native American 10.2%

Anatolian 7.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 10

Northwestern European Primary region 58.9%

West Asian 27.3%

East Asian 5.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 11

Northwestern European Primary region 42.3%

Balkan 15.1%

Iberian 10.3%

French Basque 8.2%

Caucasus 7.6%

North African 5.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 12

Northwestern European Primary region 34.0%

South Asian 13.1%

Irish Scottish Welsh 12.7%

Cyprus 10.0%

Caucasus 8.9%

French Basque 8.3%

Sardinian 5.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 13

Northwestern European Primary region 55.5%

West Asian 12.9%

Sardinian 8.5%

Southeast Asian 8.2%

Iberian 6.6%

Yakut 5.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 14

Southern European Primary region 36.4%

West Asian 18.2%

Northwestern European 16.8%

South Asian 11.5%

Sardinian 7.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 15

Northwestern European Primary region 69.5%

French Basque 13.2%

Scandinavian 6.5%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 16

Northwestern European Primary region 35.4%

South Asian 13.3%

Cyprus 10.0%

Anatolian 8.7%

Irish Scottish Welsh 6.5%

North Atlantic 5.6%

French Basque 5.5%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 17

Finnish Primary region 25.5%

Southern European 18.8%

Northwestern European 18.2%

Sardinian 14.6%

Mixed Amerindian 6.8%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 18

Northwestern European Primary region 42.6%

Sardinian 24.0%

South Asian 9.8%

Finno Ugric 9.4%

Yakut 6.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 19

French Basque Primary region 36.2%

Irish Scottish Welsh 24.5%

Sardinian 12.2%

Native American 11.7%

West African 7.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 20

Caucasus Primary region 18.0%

West Asian 16.7%

Finnish 14.6%

Irish Scottish Welsh 13.9%

Baltic 8.8%

Northwestern European 8.7%

South African 5.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 21

Balkan Primary region 24.8%

French Basque 20.7%

Sardinian 18.2%

Central African 12.1%

Caucasus 11.7%

Northwestern European 7.4%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 22

Northwestern European Primary region 41.4%

Sardinian 13.2%

Mixed Amerindian 10.3%

South African 10.0%

West Asian 9.5%

French Basque 6.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Sort:

33 regions detected | 22 chromosomes analyzed |

Europe

Northwestern European

Europe - Northwestern European

21 chr • 71.2% • 40.9%

39.08% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 5: 71.2%

1 65.35%
2 65.57%
3 45.75%
4 53.30%
5 71.22%
6 10.41%
7 54.67%
8 20.12%
9 42.81%
10 58.94%
11 42.30%
12 33.96%
13 55.49%
14 16.82%
15 69.51%
16 35.37%
17 18.16%
18 42.58%
20 8.69%
21 7.41%
22 41.37%

Europe

Sardinian

Europe - Sardinian

17 chr • 24.0% • 8.3%

6.41% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 18: 24.0%

1 2.47%
2 3.48%
3 1.07%
6 4.87%
7 1.94%
8 4.40%
9 11.49%
12 5.60%
13 8.52%
14 7.32%
16 2.99%
17 14.61%
18 23.95%
19 12.23%
20 4.79%
21 18.16%
22 13.19%

Europe

French Basque

Europe - French Basque

12 chr • 36.2% • 11.0%

6.02% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 36.2%

3 17.36%
4 7.57%
7 3.00%
11 8.20%
12 8.32%
14 4.64%
15 13.16%
16 5.54%
18 1.81%
19 36.17%
21 20.65%
22 6.01%

Asia

West Asian

Asia - West Asian

9 chr • 27.3% • 12.7%

5.21% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 10: 27.3%

1 4.51%
2 1.53%
5 14.02%
7 9.98%
10 27.28%
13 12.93%
14 18.22%
20 16.69%
22 9.51%

Europe

Southern European

Europe - Southern European

5 chr • 36.4% • 17.9%

4.07% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 14: 36.4%

2 5.13%
6 5.84%
8 23.42%
14 36.40%
17 18.81%

Asia

South Asian

Asia - South Asian

12 chr • 13.3% • 7.3%

4.00% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 13.3%

1 3.52%
4 0.37%
6 12.16%
7 13.15%
10 3.54%
12 13.10%
14 11.49%
16 13.25%
18 9.81%
20 2.96%
21 4.08%
22 0.46%

Europe

Irish Scottish Welsh

Europe - Irish Scottish Welsh

11 chr • 24.5% • 7.6%

3.81% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 24.5%

3 3.54%
6 4.97%
7 2.50%
8 7.37%
10 2.43%
12 12.69%
15 0.75%
16 6.54%
19 24.47%
20 13.87%
22 4.60%

Europe

Balkan

Europe - Balkan

8 chr • 24.8% • 10.1%

3.68% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 24.8%

2 5.50%
5 0.15%
6 22.07%
8 11.65%
11 15.11%
15 1.07%
16 0.58%
21 24.81%

Africa

North African

Africa - North African

6 chr • 16.8% • 9.6%

2.63% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 16.8%

1 8.33%
4 15.81%
6 16.82%
8 6.96%
11 5.05%
17 4.83%

Asia

Caucasus

Asia - Caucasus

5 chr • 18.0% • 9.5%

2.15% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 18.0%

11 7.57%
12 8.91%
13 1.20%
20 17.97%
21 11.65%

Africa

Central African

Africa - Central African

14 chr • 12.1% • 3.4%

2.14% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 12.1%

2 6.00%
4 0.37%
5 0.45%
6 0.66%
8 2.82%
9 3.90%
10 1.67%
11 4.73%
12 1.24%
15 3.31%
18 3.43%
19 3.49%
20 2.96%
21 12.08%

Europe

Finnish

Europe - Finnish

3 chr • 25.5% • 14.7%

2.01% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 17: 25.5%

8 4.07%
17 25.50%
20 14.64%

Asia

Anatolian

Asia - Anatolian

6 chr • 11.9% • 5.8%

1.58% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 1: 11.9%

1 11.88%
2 3.30%
5 2.92%
9 7.29%
16 8.70%
17 0.71%

Europe

Ashkenazijews

Europe - Ashkenazijews

7 chr • 15.9% • 4.7%

1.50% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 9: 15.9%

3 0.40%
4 7.51%
6 1.50%
9 15.89%
11 1.47%
12 1.69%
16 4.57%

America

Native American

America - Native American

8 chr • 11.7% • 4.1%

1.50% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 11.7%

1 3.51%
2 3.42%
3 0.03%
9 10.24%
11 1.22%
13 1.25%
15 1.53%
19 11.72%

Europe

Cyprus

Europe - Cyprus

6 chr • 10.0% • 5.0%

1.37% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 12: 10.0%

6 2.96%
10 0.22%
12 10.02%
15 4.21%
16 10.02%
19 2.63%

Africa

East African

Africa - East African

6 chr • 8.9% • 4.5%

1.24% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 7: 8.9%

3 0.20%
4 5.23%
5 8.63%
7 8.92%
16 2.14%
19 2.12%

America

Mixed Amerindian

America - Mixed Amerindian

4 chr • 10.3% • 6.2%

1.13% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 22: 10.3%

5 0.50%
8 7.23%
17 6.81%
22 10.27%

Africa

South African

Africa - South African

6 chr • 10.0% • 4.1%

1.13% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 22: 10.0%

7 3.04%
8 1.15%
14 4.39%
20 5.01%
21 1.17%
22 10.00%

Asia

Southeast Asian

Asia - Southeast Asian

6 chr • 8.2% • 3.6%

0.99% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 8.2%

1 0.43%
3 6.65%
12 1.33%
13 8.16%
16 4.41%
20 0.81%

Asia

Yakut

Asia - Yakut

4 chr • 7.0% • 5.3%

0.96% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 7.0%

6 6.97%
8 3.06%
13 5.19%
18 5.97%

Africa

West African

Africa - West African

5 chr • 7.9% • 4.2%

0.96% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 7.9%

6 7.88%
10 0.03%
17 3.28%
19 7.17%
20 2.79%

Oceania

Melanesian

Oceania - Melanesian

9 chr • 3.2% • 2.3%

0.95% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 3: 3.2%

2 2.37%
3 3.21%
5 2.10%
8 1.60%
9 2.75%
11 0.47%
12 3.15%
17 2.47%
22 2.86%

Africa

Nigerian

Africa - Nigerian

5 chr • 11.2% • 4.1%

0.93% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 3: 11.2%

3 11.23%
4 0.36%
8 4.84%
9 2.68%
11 1.31%

Europe

Iberian

Europe - Iberian

3 chr • 10.3% • 6.2%

0.84% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 11: 10.3%

2 1.65%
11 10.31%
13 6.57%

Europe

Scandinavian

Europe - Scandinavian

5 chr • 6.7% • 3.3%

0.74% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 4: 6.7%

2 2.07%
4 6.68%
8 0.37%
14 0.72%
15 6.46%

Asia

East Asian

Asia - East Asian

4 chr • 5.9% • 3.5%

0.63% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 10: 5.9%

7 2.79%
9 2.96%
10 5.90%
11 2.26%

Europe

Baltic

Europe - Baltic

3 chr • 8.8% • 4.1%

0.56% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 8.8%

16 0.32%
18 3.08%
20 8.81%

Europe

Eastern European

Europe - Eastern European

2 chr • 10.6% • 5.7%

0.52% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 3: 10.6%

3 10.55%
8 0.92%

Europe

North Atlantic

Europe - North Atlantic

3 chr • 5.6% • 3.5%

0.47% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 5.6%

13 0.05%
16 5.57%
17 4.82%

Europe

Finno Ugric

Europe - Finno Ugric

1 chr • 9.4% • 9.4%

0.43% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 18: 9.4%

18 9.38%

Asia

Siberian

Asia - Siberian

3 chr • 2.9% • 2.5%

0.34% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 2.9%

4 2.80%
6 2.89%
22 1.72%

Asia

Central Asian

Asia - Central Asian

1 chr • 0.6% • 0.6%

0.03% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 0.6%

13 0.64%

Chromosome Heatmap 33 regions

100%

Scroll horizontally to view all chromosomes

Region	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
Europe 15
Northwestern European	65.4%	65.6%	45.8%	53.3%	71.2%	10.4%	54.7%	20.1%	42.8%	58.9%	42.3%	34.0%	55.5%	16.8%	69.5%	35.4%	18.2%	42.6%	-	8.7%	7.4%	41.4%
Sardinian	2.5%	3.5%	1.1%	-	-	4.9%	1.9%	4.4%	11.5%	-	-	5.6%	8.5%	7.3%	-	3.0%	14.6%	24.0%	12.2%	4.8%	18.2%	13.2%
French Basque	-	-	17.4%	7.6%	-	-	3.0%	-	-	-	8.2%	8.3%	-	4.6%	13.2%	5.5%	-	1.8%	36.2%	-	20.6%	6.0%
Southern European	-	5.1%	-	-	-	5.8%	-	23.4%	-	-	-	-	-	36.4%	-	-	18.8%	-	-	-	-	-
Irish Scottish Welsh	-	-	3.5%	-	-	5.0%	2.5%	7.4%	-	2.4%	-	12.7%	-	-	0.8%	6.5%	-	-	24.5%	13.9%	-	4.6%
Balkan	-	5.5%	-	-	0.2%	22.1%	-	11.6%	-	-	15.1%	-	-	-	1.1%	0.6%	-	-	-	-	24.8%	-
Finnish	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.1%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	25.5%	-	-	14.6%	-	-
Ashkenazijews	-	-	0.4%	7.5%	-	1.5%	-	-	15.9%	-	1.5%	1.7%	-	-	-	4.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-
Cyprus	-	-	-	-	-	3.0%	-	-	-	0.2%	-	10.0%	-	-	4.2%	10.0%	-	-	2.6%	-	-	-
Iberian	-	1.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.3%	-	6.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Scandinavian	-	2.1%	-	6.7%	-	-	-	0.4%	-	-	-	-	-	0.7%	6.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Baltic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.3%	-	3.1%	-	8.8%	-	-
Eastern European	-	-	10.6%	-	-	-	-	0.9%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
North Atlantic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.0%	-	-	5.6%	4.8%	-	-	-	-	-
Finno Ugric	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	9.4%	-	-	-	-
Asia 9
West Asian	4.5%	1.5%	-	-	14.0%	-	10.0%	-	-	27.3%	-	-	12.9%	18.2%	-	-	-	-	-	16.7%	-	9.5%
South Asian	3.5%	-	-	0.4%	-	12.2%	13.2%	-	-	3.5%	-	13.1%	-	11.5%	-	13.2%	-	9.8%	-	3.0%	4.1%	0.5%
Caucasus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.6%	8.9%	1.2%	-	-	-	-	-	-	18.0%	11.6%	-
Anatolian	11.9%	3.3%	-	-	2.9%	-	-	-	7.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.7%	0.7%	-	-	-	-	-
Southeast Asian	0.4%	-	6.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.3%	8.2%	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	0.8%	-	-
Yakut	-	-	-	-	-	7.0%	-	3.1%	-	-	-	-	5.2%	-	-	-	-	6.0%	-	-	-	-
East Asian	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.8%	-	3.0%	5.9%	2.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Siberian	-	-	-	2.8%	-	2.9%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.7%
Central Asian	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Africa 6
North African	8.3%	-	-	15.8%	-	16.8%	-	7.0%	-	-	5.0%	-	-	-	-	-	4.8%	-	-	-	-	-
Central African	-	6.0%	-	0.4%	0.4%	0.7%	-	2.8%	3.9%	1.7%	4.7%	1.2%	-	-	3.3%	-	-	3.4%	3.5%	3.0%	12.1%	-
East African	-	-	0.2%	5.2%	8.6%	-	8.9%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.1%	-	-	2.1%	-	-	-
South African	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.0%	1.2%	-	-	-	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	-	-	5.0%	1.2%	10.0%
West African	-	-	-	-	-	7.9%	-	-	-	0.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.3%	-	7.2%	2.8%	-	-
Nigerian	-	-	11.2%	0.4%	-	-	-	4.8%	2.7%	-	1.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
America 2
Native American	3.5%	3.4%	0.0%	-	-	-	-	-	10.2%	-	1.2%	-	1.2%	-	1.5%	-	-	-	11.7%	-	-	-
Mixed Amerindian	-	-	-	-	0.5%	-	-	7.2%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	6.8%	-	-	-	-	10.3%
Oceania 1
Melanesian	-	2.4%	3.2%	-	2.1%	-	-	1.6%	2.8%	-	0.5%	3.2%	-	-	-	-	2.5%	-	-	-	-	2.9%

Europe Northwestern European

Chr 1 65.4%

Chr 2 65.6%

Chr 3 45.8%

Chr 4 53.3%

Chr 5 71.2%

Chr 6 10.4%

Chr 7 54.7%

Chr 8 20.1%

Chr 9 42.8%

Chr 10 58.9%

Chr 11 42.3%

Chr 12 34.0%

Chr 13 55.5%

Chr 14 16.8%

Chr 15 69.5%

Chr 16 35.4%

Chr 17 18.2%

Chr 18 42.6%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 8.7%

Chr 21 7.4%

Chr 22 41.4%

Europe Sardinian

Chr 1 2.5%

Chr 2 3.5%

Chr 3 1.1%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 4.9%

Chr 7 1.9%

Chr 8 4.4%

Chr 9 11.5%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 5.6%

Chr 13 8.5%

Chr 14 7.3%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 3.0%

Chr 17 14.6%

Chr 18 24.0%

Chr 19 12.2%

Chr 20 4.8%

Chr 21 18.2%

Chr 22 13.2%

Europe French Basque

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 17.4%

Chr 4 7.6%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 3.0%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 8.2%

Chr 12 8.3%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 4.6%

Chr 15 13.2%

Chr 16 5.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 1.8%

Chr 19 36.2%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 20.6%

Chr 22 6.0%

Europe Southern European

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 5.1%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 5.8%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 23.4%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 36.4%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 18.8%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Irish Scottish Welsh

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 3.5%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 5.0%

Chr 7 2.5%

Chr 8 7.4%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 2.4%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 12.7%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 0.8%

Chr 16 6.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 24.5%

Chr 20 13.9%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 4.6%

Europe Balkan

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 5.5%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 0.2%

Chr 6 22.1%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 11.6%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 15.1%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 1.1%

Chr 16 0.6%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 24.8%

Chr 22 -

Europe Finnish

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 4.1%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 25.5%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 14.6%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Ashkenazijews

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 0.4%

Chr 4 7.5%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 1.5%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 15.9%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 1.5%

Chr 12 1.7%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 4.6%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Cyprus

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 3.0%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.2%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 10.0%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 4.2%

Chr 16 10.0%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 2.6%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Iberian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 1.6%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 10.3%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 6.6%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Scandinavian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 2.1%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 6.7%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 0.4%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.7%

Chr 15 6.5%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Baltic

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 0.3%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 3.1%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 8.8%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Eastern European

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 10.6%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 0.9%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe North Atlantic

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 0.0%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 5.6%

Chr 17 4.8%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Europe Finno Ugric

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 9.4%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Asia West Asian

Chr 1 4.5%

Chr 2 1.5%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 14.0%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 10.0%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 27.3%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 12.9%

Chr 14 18.2%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 16.7%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 9.5%

Asia South Asian

Chr 1 3.5%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 0.4%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 12.2%

Chr 7 13.2%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 3.5%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 13.1%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 11.5%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 13.2%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 9.8%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 3.0%

Chr 21 4.1%

Chr 22 0.5%

Asia Caucasus

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 7.6%

Chr 12 8.9%

Chr 13 1.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 18.0%

Chr 21 11.6%

Chr 22 -

Asia Anatolian

Chr 1 11.9%

Chr 2 3.3%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 2.9%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 7.3%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 8.7%

Chr 17 0.7%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Asia Southeast Asian

Chr 1 0.4%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 6.6%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 1.3%

Chr 13 8.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 4.4%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 0.8%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Asia Yakut

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 7.0%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 3.1%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 5.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 6.0%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Asia East Asian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 2.8%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 3.0%

Chr 10 5.9%

Chr 11 2.3%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Asia Siberian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 2.8%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 2.9%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 1.7%

Asia Central Asian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 0.6%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Africa North African

Chr 1 8.3%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 15.8%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 16.8%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 7.0%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 5.0%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 4.8%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Africa Central African

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 6.0%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 0.4%

Chr 5 0.4%

Chr 6 0.7%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.8%

Chr 9 3.9%

Chr 10 1.7%

Chr 11 4.7%

Chr 12 1.2%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 3.3%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 3.4%

Chr 19 3.5%

Chr 20 3.0%

Chr 21 12.1%

Chr 22 -

Africa East African

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 0.2%

Chr 4 5.2%

Chr 5 8.6%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 8.9%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 2.1%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 2.1%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Africa South African

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 3.0%

Chr 8 1.2%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 4.4%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 5.0%

Chr 21 1.2%

Chr 22 10.0%

Africa West African

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 7.9%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.0%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 3.3%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 7.2%

Chr 20 2.8%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Africa Nigerian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 11.2%

Chr 4 0.4%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 4.8%

Chr 9 2.7%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 1.3%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

America Native American

Chr 1 3.5%

Chr 2 3.4%

Chr 3 0.0%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 10.2%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 1.2%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 1.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 1.5%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 11.7%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

America Mixed Amerindian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 0.5%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 7.2%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 6.8%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 10.3%

Oceania Melanesian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 2.4%

Chr 3 3.2%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 2.1%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 1.6%

Chr 9 2.8%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 0.5%

Chr 12 3.2%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.5%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 2.9%

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Reference

Reference Panel

Populations used in this analysis

Anatolian

West Asian Anatolia +2 more

Populations from the Anatolian peninsula, including modern Turkish, Kurdish, and Armenian communities, with deep layers from Neolithic farmers, Bronze Age Anatolians, and later Turkic and Iranian influences. Genetic profiles often show a mix of Near Eastern, Caucasus, and Mediterranean components reflecting millennia of migration and empire-scale movements. Regional variation is pronounced between coastal, central and eastern Anatolia.

West Asian Anatolia Mediterranean Mixed

Related Regions:

Anatolian Peninsula
Eastern Mediterranean
Caucasus

Ashkenazi Jews

Jewish European +2 more

A well-characterized Jewish diaspora population historically centered in Central and Eastern Europe, formed through founder events and admixture between Middle Eastern and European groups. Ashkenazi genomes show distinctive bottleneck signatures and elevated shared drift, with medical genetics relevance due to enriched rare variants. Cultural and religious continuity has helped preserve a distinct population identity despite geographic spread.

Jewish European Founder Diaspora

Related Regions:

Central Europe
Eastern Europe
Levant (ancestral)

Balkan

Southeastern European Balkan +2 more

Populations from the Balkan Peninsula such as Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks and Albanians, shaped by Slavic migrations, earlier Illyrian/Thracian substrata, and periods of Byzantine and Ottoman rule. Genetic profiles typically combine Southeastern European, East Mediterranean and Slavic components with local continuity. High regional heterogeneity reflects mountainous geography and historical population movements.

Southeastern European Balkan Slavic Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Balkan Peninsula
Adriatic Coast
Aegean Region

Baltic

Northern European Baltic +2 more

Populations of the Baltic states—Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians—display strong genetic continuity with northeastern Europe and notable Uralic and Finno-Ugric contacts, especially in Estonians. Baltic groups often show elevated northern European and eastern hunter-gatherer ancestry alongside later Indo-European inputs. Cultural and linguistic differences map onto subtle genetic structure across the region.

Northern European Baltic Finno-Ugric contact Ancient North Eurasian

Related Regions:

Baltic Sea
Northeastern Europe
Fenno-Scandia

Caucasus

Caucasus West Asian +2 more

Populations from the Caucasus region including Georgians, Armenians, Azeris and adjacent Russian groups, characterized by strong local continuity and high genetic differentiation relative to surrounding areas. The Caucasus acts as a genetic and linguistic refuge with unique ancestry components linked to ancient Near Eastern and steppe interactions. Modern populations reflect complex admixture between Caucasus-specific lineages and incoming West Eurasian groups.

Caucasus West Asian High differentiation Ancient

Related Regions:

Greater Caucasus
South Caucasus
Eastern Anatolia

Cyprus

Eastern Mediterranean Island +2 more

Greek and Turkish Cypriots share substantial genetic continuity on the island with deep Eastern Mediterranean ancestry and layers from Neolithic farmers, Bronze Age eastern Mediterranean peoples, and more recent Anatolian and Levantine influences. Cultural and historical ties to both Greece and Anatolia are mirrored in subtle genetic structure across communities. The island’s position at the crossroads of continents makes Cypriot ancestry a blend of Mediterranean and West Asian elements.

Eastern Mediterranean Island Greek Turkish

Related Regions:

Cyprus
Eastern Mediterranean
Anatolia

Eastern-European

Eastern Europe Slavic +2 more

Populations from Eastern Europe—Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and Belarusians—are largely shaped by Slavic expansions layered on older hunter-gatherer and Neolithic farmer ancestries. Their genetic makeup commonly includes significant Northern/Eastern European components and admixture signals from steppe migrations. Regional gradients reflect historical contact with Baltic, Finno-Ugric and Central Asian groups in different areas.

Eastern Europe Slavic Steppe influence Continental

Related Regions:

Eastern Europe
East-Central Europe
Western Russia

Finnish

Finno-Ugric Northern European +2 more

The Finnish population exhibits distinct genetic features among Europeans, with increased eastern hunter-gatherer and Siberian-related ancestry reflecting Finno-Ugric connections. Finland shows pronounced internal structure due to founder effects and relative isolation in some regions, producing recognizable genetic signatures. Language and cultural continuity over millennia contribute to a coherent population profile.

Finno-Ugric Northern European Founder effect Siberian influence

Related Regions:

Finland
Gulf of Bothnia
Lapland

Finno-Ugric

Uralic Finno-Ugric +2 more

Groups speaking Finno-Ugric languages across parts of Russia, Finland and Estonia share genetic signals of Uralic-speaking migrations, including varying Siberian and northeastern European ancestry. The label encompasses a range of populations from more eastern, Siberian-influenced groups to western populations with stronger European admixture. Historical mobility and language spread created genetic clines rather than a single homogeneous profile.

Uralic Finno-Ugric Siberian contact Language family

Related Regions:

Northern Europe
Western Siberia
Baltic Region

French_Basque

#10

Basque Western European +2 more

Populations of the Basque region in southwestern France and northern Spain are known for genetic distinctiveness and strong continuity from pre-Neolithic and Neolithic European layers. Basques often show reduced influences from later migrations compared with surrounding Iberian groups and retain unique allele frequency patterns tied to regional isolation. Their non-Indo-European language and cultural distinctiveness correspond to this genetic uniqueness.

Basque Western European Isolated Ancient continuity

Related Regions:

Basque Country
Pyrenees
Iberian Peninsula

Iberian

#11

Iberian Mediterranean +2 more

Populations across the Iberian Peninsula—Spanish, Portuguese and Basque groups—reflect a mixture of Paleolithic and Neolithic European ancestry, Phoenician/Greek Mediterranean inputs, and later North African and steppe-related admixture. There is pronounced geographic structure from the Atlantic coast to the Mediterranean and from north to south, shaped by historical migrations and isolation in mountainous areas. Coastal regions often show stronger Mediterranean signatures.

Iberian Mediterranean Atlantic Admixture

Related Regions:

Iberian Peninsula
Atlantic Iberia
Mediterranean Spain

Irish-Scottish-Welsh

#12

Celtic Western Europe +2 more

Celtic populations of Ireland, Scotland and Wales share genetic affinities characterized by high levels of Western European hunter-gatherer and Neolithic farmer ancestry with subsequent Bronze Age steppe input. Regional substructure exists due to geographic isolation and historical migration patterns, including Norse and Anglo-Norman influences in some coastal areas. Cultural and linguistic ties often mirror genetic similarities across the British Isles.

Celtic Western Europe Insular British Isles

Related Regions:

Ireland
Scotland
Wales

North-Atlantic

#13

British Isles North Atlantic +2 more

Populations around the North Atlantic—English, Irish, Scottish and Welsh—form a broad genetic cluster influenced by prehistoric British Isles ancestry, subsequent Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Norman migrations, and continuous maritime gene flow. This group represents the genetic diversity of the British Isles with gradients from west to east and coastal to inland. Historical trade and conquest have left detectable admixture signals in many local populations.

British Isles North Atlantic Maritime Anglo-Saxon/Norse

Related Regions:

British Isles
North Atlantic Coast
Western Europe

Northwestern-European

#14

Western Europe Continental +2 more

Populations of northwestern Europe—Germans, French and Dutch—display a mix of Western European hunter-gatherer, Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age steppe ancestries with regional variation from the Atlantic façade to central Europe. Long-term settlement, urbanization and historic migrations (e.g., Roman, Germanic) have produced the modern genetic landscape. Subtle north-south and east-west genetic clines are typical across the region.

Western Europe Continental Germanic Roman influence

Related Regions:

Northwestern Europe
Rhine-Meuse Region
Paris Basin

Sardinian

#15

Island Neolithic farmer +2 more

The Sardinian population is notable for strong genetic continuity with early European Neolithic farmers and relatively limited later steppe and other admixture, making it a useful reference for ancient agricultural ancestry. Insularity and geographic isolation on the island have preserved distinct allele frequencies and population-specific variants. Sardinians often serve as a proxy for early Mediterranean farmer ancestry in population genetics studies.

Island Neolithic farmer Isolated Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Sardinia
Western Mediterranean
Tyrrhenian Sea

Scandinavian

#16

Northern Europe Viking +2 more

Danish, Norwegian and Swedish populations share Scandinavian genetic patterns shaped by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, Neolithic farmers and Bronze Age steppe migrations, with later Viking-era mobility adding northern Atlantic gene flow. Genetic differentiation across the region is modest but detectable, reflecting coastal vs inland and north vs south contrasts. Scandinavian populations often show higher levels of Scandinavian-specific haplotypes and certain ancient northern ancestry components.

Northern Europe Viking Scandinavia Mesolithic/Neolithic

Related Regions:

Scandinavia
North Sea
Baltic Sea

Southern-European

#17

Mediterranean Southern Europe +2 more

Southern European populations—primarily Italian and Greek—display rich genetic mosaics combining Paleolithic, Neolithic Mediterranean farmer, Bronze Age steppe and later historical inputs from the Near East and North Africa. Regional variation is strong between northern and southern Italy and among Greek islands versus mainland. Long histories of trade, colonization and empire have produced layered ancestry profiles across the region.

Mediterranean Southern Europe Ancient admixture Regional structure

Related Regions:

Italian Peninsula
Greece
Central Mediterranean

Central-Asian

#18

Central Asia Turkic +2 more

Central Asian groups such as Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, Tajiks and Turkmen reflect admixture between East Eurasian (steppe and Siberian) and West Eurasian (Iranian, South Asian, and European) ancestries, shaped by Turkic and Mongolic migrations and Silk Road interactions. Many populations are highly admixed and show clinal variation across the region’s vast geography. Nomadic pastoralist histories and recent state formations contribute to complex genetic patterns.

Central Asia Turkic Steppe-Siberian Silk Road

Related Regions:

Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Fergana Valley

East-Asian

#19

East Asia Han-related +2 more

Major East Asian populations—Chinese, Japanese and Korean—share substantial ancestry components characteristic of East Eurasia, with regional substructure resulting from ancient peopling events, agricultural expansions and later demographic shifts. Despite broad genetic similarity, each population has distinct local histories and drift patterns shaped by isolation, migration and cultural barriers. East Asia also exhibits deep connections to Siberian and Southeast Asian groups depending on locality.

East Asia Han-related Agricultural expansion Substructure

Related Regions:

East Asia
Yellow River Basin
Korean Peninsula

Siberian

#20

Siberia Northern Eurasia +2 more

Siberian groups such as Buryats and Tuvans carry ancestry related to northern Eurasian hunter-gatherers, East Asian, and in some cases ancient North Eurasian components, reflecting long-term habitation of Siberia and steppe interactions. Their genomes often bridge East Asian and Arctic/Siberian lineages and show adaptation to cold environments. Cultural diversity includes Turkic and Mongolic language families with complex admixture histories.

Siberia Northern Eurasia Mongolic/Turkic Ancient North Eurasian

Related Regions:

South-Central Siberia
Lake Baikal Region
Mongolia border

South-Asian

#21

South Asia Indo-Aryan/Dravidian +2 more

Populations across South Asia—Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Sri Lankans—are genetically diverse with major components including ancient South Asian hunter-gatherers, incoming Iranian-related farmers and Steppe pastoralist ancestry, plus regional East and Southeast Asian signals in some groups. Caste, language and geography produce strong substructure and localized founder effects. Long-term admixture and complex social histories have shaped the modern genetic landscape.

South Asia Indo-Aryan/Dravidian High diversity Founder effects

Related Regions:

Indian Subcontinent
Indus Valley
Deccan Plateau

Southeast-Asian

#22

Southeast Asia Austronesian +2 more

Southeast Asian populations—Vietnamese, Thai, Indonesian and Filipino groups—derive ancestry from multiple waves including ancient Hoabinhian hunter-gatherers, Austroasiatic and Austronesian farmer expansions, and later regional admixture with East and South Asian sources. Island Southeast Asia shows strong Austronesian signatures and maritime connections, while mainland areas retain more continental ancestries. The region is characterized by high genetic diversity and linkage to ancient coastal and riverine migrations.

Southeast Asia Austronesian Austroasiatic Maritime

Related Regions:

Mainland Southeast Asia
Insular Southeast Asia
Maritime Asia

West-Asian

#23

Near East West Asia +2 more

Populations of West Asia—Arabs, Persians, Kurds and Turkmens—show diverse mixtures of ancient Near Eastern farmer lineages, Caucasus-related ancestry, and varying amounts of Arabian and Eurasian steppe influence. Regional patterns reflect historic empires, trade routes and nomadic movements, producing stratified genetic structure across the Fertile Crescent and surrounding areas. Linguistic diversity (Semitic, Iranian, Turkic) often corresponds with distinct genetic signals in local groups.

Near East West Asia Semitic/Iranian/Turkic Ancient Near East

Related Regions:

Fertile Crescent
Arabian Peninsula
Iran Plateau

Yakut

#24

Siberian Yakut +2 more

The Yakut (Sakha) are a Turkic-speaking population native to northeastern Siberia who display strong East Asian ancestry combined with Siberian-specific components and signals of founder events during northward expansions. Their genetic profile reflects adaptation to extreme cold and a history of relatively recent migration from southern Siberia into the Lena River basin. Yakut genomes are informative about interactions between Turkic expansions and indigenous Siberian groups.

Siberian Yakut Turkic Founder effect

Related Regions:

Sakha (Yakutia)
Lena River Basin
Northeastern Siberia

Central-African

#25

Central Africa Bantu +2 more

Central African groups such as Kongo, Luba and Mongo are part of the Bantu-speaking expansion and exhibit genetic patterns characteristic of Central African rainforest populations, including high genetic diversity and deep local lineages. Bantu migrations spread agriculture and ironworking across much of sub-Saharan Africa, producing shared ancestry across vast regions while preserving local hunter-gatherer admixture in some areas. Central African populations also show adaptation to tropical environments.

Central Africa Bantu High diversity Rainforest

Related Regions:

Congo Basin
Central Africa
Great Lakes region

East-African

#26

East Africa Cushitic +2 more

East African populations such as Swahili, Maasai and Somali display a mix of indigenous East African, Nilotic, Cushitic and varying West Eurasian and Arabian components linked to ancient and medieval trade across the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. Pastoralist lifestyles and trade networks have shaped both genetic diversity and cultural exchanges, resulting in distinctive regional ancestries. Coastal groups often show stronger Arabian and South Asian admixture than inland populations.

East Africa Cushitic Nilotic Indian Ocean trade

Related Regions:

Horn of Africa
East African Rift
Swahili Coast

Nigerian

#27

West Africa Niger-Congo +2 more

Major Nigerian ethno-linguistic groups such as Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba represent a substantial part of West African genetic diversity, with deep sub-Saharan lineages shaped by long-standing agricultural and urban societies. Nigeria’s populations reflect both regional differentiation and shared ancestry tied to Niger-Congo language expansions and localized demographic histories. Urban centers and trade routes have promoted gene flow across varied ecological zones.

West Africa Niger-Congo High diversity Yoruba/Igbo/Hausa

Related Regions:

Nigeria
Niger River Basin
Gulf of Guinea

North-African

#28

North Africa Maghreb +2 more

North African populations—Egyptians, Moroccans, Tunisians and Libyans—carry ancestry from indigenous North African (including pre-Neolithic) groups, substantial Near Eastern and Mediterranean inputs, and variable Sub-Saharan African admixture due to trans-Saharan contacts. The long history of Phoenician, Greek, Roman, Arab and Ottoman influences has produced layered genetic landscapes across the Maghreb and Nile Valley. Coastal areas often show stronger Mediterranean affinities.

North Africa Maghreb Mediterranean Admixture

Related Regions:

Maghreb
Nile Valley
Mediterranean coast of Africa

South-African

#29

Southern Africa Bantu +2 more

South African populations include indigenous groups (e.g., Zulu, Xhosa) and settler-descended communities (e.g., Afrikaners), reflecting a mix of Bantu expansions, indigenous hunter-gatherer lineages (Khoe-San), and European colonial-era input. Genetic structure is shaped by recent admixture, social history, and linguistic diversity. Khoe-San contributions often persist regionally and are among the deepest lineages in southern Africa.

Southern Africa Bantu Khoe-San admixture Colonial

Related Regions:

South Africa
Cape region
KwaZulu-Natal

West-African

#30

West Africa Niger-Congo +2 more

West African groups such as Ashanti, Fula and Yoruba are central to the genetic diversity of coastal West Africa, shaped by long-term agricultural societies, trade networks and migrations like the Bantu and Sahelian movements. Genomes in this region display deep sub-Saharan ancestries and local differentiation related to language, ecology and historical population structure. West Africa has been a source region for diasporas across the Atlantic and within Africa.

West Africa Niger-Congo Sahelian contact High diversity

Related Regions:

Gulf of Guinea
Sahel
Upper Guinea

Eskimo-Inuit

#31

Arctic Inuit +2 more

Arctic populations of North America, including Inuit and related Eskimo groups of Alaska and Canada, show strong Arctic-adapted ancestry with links to Siberia and distinct circumpolar genetic components. Their genomes reflect relatively recent migrations across Beringia, specialized subsistence adaptations and high genetic continuity in Arctic environments. Cultural and linguistic continuity across vast distances correlates with these genetic signatures.

Arctic Inuit Beringia Adaptation

Related Regions:

Arctic North America
Greenland
Bering Strait

Melanesian

#32

Melanesia Papuan +2 more

Melanesian populations from Papua New Guinea, Fiji and the Solomon Islands carry deeply divergent Oceanian lineages with high levels of Papuan-related ancestry and, in many island groups, varying Austronesian admixture. Melanesians often show high within-population diversity and long branches in genetic trees, reflecting ancient isolation and complex seafaring histories. They also retain some of the most deeply divergent non-African ancestries outside of Australia.

Melanesia Papuan Austronesian admixture Island

Related Regions:

Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Fiji

Mixed-Amerindian

#33

Amerindian Mesoamerica +2 more

Populations associated with ancient and modern Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations (e.g., Maya, Aztec, Inca) show diverse Amerindian ancestries shaped by pre-Columbian population structure, agricultural expansion, and regional trade networks. Many modern descendant populations are admixed with European and African ancestries due to post-contact history, producing distinct mixed-Amerindian genetic profiles. Archaeogenetic work reveals deep continuity with local pre-contact lineages across the Americas.

Amerindian Mesoamerica Andean Admixed

Related Regions:

Mesoamerica
Andes
Central America

Native-American

#34

Native American North America +2 more

North American indigenous groups like Cherokee, Navajo and Sioux represent diverse Native American ancestries with deep roots in ancient migrations into the Americas and subsequent regional diversification. Genetic structure reflects long-term isolation, localized demographic events, and, in some populations, later admixture with Europeans and Africans. Cultural and linguistic diversity is mirrored by substantial genetic heterogeneity across the continent.

Native American North America Indigenous Diverse

Related Regions:

North America
Great Plains
Southeastern Woodlands

Exclusive Admixture Report

Population composition

Reference contributions

Reference regions

Northwestern European

West Asian

Smaller reference components

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

Northwestern European

Europe - Northwestern European

Sardinian

Europe - Sardinian

French Basque

Europe - French Basque

West Asian

Asia - West Asian

Southern European

Europe - Southern European

South Asian

Asia - South Asian

Irish Scottish Welsh

Europe - Irish Scottish Welsh

Balkan

Europe - Balkan

North African

Africa - North African

Caucasus

Asia - Caucasus

Central African

Africa - Central African

Finnish

Europe - Finnish

Anatolian

Asia - Anatolian

Ashkenazijews

Europe - Ashkenazijews

Native American

America - Native American

Cyprus

Europe - Cyprus

East African

Africa - East African

Mixed Amerindian

America - Mixed Amerindian

South African

Africa - South African

Southeast Asian

Asia - Southeast Asian

Yakut

Asia - Yakut

West African

Africa - West African

Melanesian

Oceania - Melanesian

Nigerian

Africa - Nigerian

Iberian

Europe - Iberian

Scandinavian

Europe - Scandinavian

East Asian

Asia - East Asian

Baltic

Europe - Baltic

Eastern European

Europe - Eastern European

North Atlantic

Europe - North Atlantic

Finno Ugric

Europe - Finno Ugric

Siberian

Asia - Siberian

Central Asian

Asia - Central Asian

No regions found

Composition infographic

AI infographic

AI Assistant

Reference Panel

Anatolian