Exclusive Admixture / Reference model

Global Ancestry K45

Statistical genetic similarity to this calculator's reference populations. Read the modeled weights with the panel's context.

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Selected sampleDEMO REPORT

Largest componentFrench German 76.5% of this model

Model components16positive contributions

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Model results

Population composition

Read the exact modeled percentages beside reference geography and its limitations.

Reference contributions

French German Primary region 76.5%

Arabia Levant Egypt 9.0%

Sardinian 2.3%

Basque And South West France 2.2%

Central Africa 2.0%

South Africa 1.9%

Anatolian And Caucasus 1.5%

China 1.1%

East Africa 0.8%

Bengal 0.7%

North East Africa 0.6%

Cambodian And Thai 0.5%

Papuan 0.5%

Irish Scottish Welsh 0.2%

Innuit 0.2%

Tibeto Burmese 0.1%

Exact model percentages appear on the right; bars are relative to the largest displayed contribution. Rounding can affect the total. Components below 5% are grouped under "Other".

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The numerical composition remains available if the chart cannot load.

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Regions

Reference regions

Click any region to explore detailed information

French German

76.5%

This region represents 76.5% of this reference model.

Arabia Levant Egypt

9.0%

This region represents 9.0% of this reference model.

Smaller reference components

Small modeled weights depend on the reference panel and do not establish distant ancestry or family connections.

Sardinian 2.26%

Basque And South West France 2.24%

Central Africa 2.02%

South Africa 1.85%

Anatolian And Caucasus 1.51%

China 1.08%

East Africa 0.77%

Bengal 0.73%

North East Africa 0.58%

Cambodian And Thai 0.53%

Papuan 0.51%

Irish Scottish Welsh 0.19%

Innuit 0.17%

Tibeto Burmese 0.07%

Supporting analysis

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

Inspect chromosome-level contributions within this reference model.

Exclusive Feature

By Chromosome By Region Table

Chromosome 1

French German Primary region 74.8%

North Italy 8.1%

Greece And Albania 8.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 2

French German Primary region 73.2%

Arabia Levant Egypt 6.6%

Basque And South West France 6.0%

North East Africa 5.4%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 3

French German Primary region 58.5%

Basque And South West France 11.5%

East Africa 8.0%

Cambodian And Thai 7.5%

Eastern European 6.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 4

French German Primary region 82.8%

Scandinavian 8.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 5

Chromosome 6

French German Primary region 66.4%

Arabia Levant Egypt 20.9%

Innuit 4.1%

Vietnam South China 2.4%

West Africa 1.8%

Central Africa 1.4%

Papuan 0.9%

Tibeto Burmese 0.8%

North Africans 0.5%

Sardinian 0.5%

North Central Asia 0.2%

Central Mediterranean 0.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 7

French German Primary region 58.3%

Vietnam South China 8.3%

England 8.2%

Arabia Levant Egypt 7.9%

Irish Scottish Welsh 7.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 8

French German Primary region 49.9%

North Africans 10.3%

Anatolian And Caucasus 8.4%

Balkans 7.7%

Central Mediterranean 7.7%

Siberia 5.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 9

French German Primary region 52.6%

Sardinian 11.9%

Central Asian 11.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 10

French German Primary region 69.3%

Arabia Levant Egypt 14.6%

Persia And Mesopotamia 7.6%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 11

French German Primary region 77.6%

Basque And South West France 11.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 12

French German Primary region 52.0%

Basque And South West France 13.4%

North Italy 9.7%

Persia And Mesopotamia 8.7%

Scandinavian 6.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 13

French German Primary region 69.3%

Iberian 8.5%

North Africans 8.2%

Vietnam South China 6.2%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 14

French German Primary region 55.6%

Anatolian And Caucasus 10.0%

North Italy 7.7%

South Africa 7.6%

Greece And Albania 7.5%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 15

Chromosome 16

French German Primary region 33.3%

Baltic 12.5%

Finnish 10.5%

Cambodian And Thai 9.5%

Cyprus 9.3%

Sardinian 9.1%

Scandinavian 6.5%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 17

French German Primary region 57.6%

Greece And Albania 27.0%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 18

French German Primary region 42.9%

Sardinian 9.5%

England 8.3%

Cyprus 6.9%

North India And East Pakistan 6.2%

Siberia 6.2%

Central Africa 5.9%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 19

French German Primary region 46.9%

Basque And South West France 13.3%

West Africa 12.0%

North Italy 7.5%

Central Africa 6.3%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 20

French German Primary region 19.4%

Baltic 17.6%

North Italy 12.6%

Southern Indian Subcontinent 11.7%

Finnish 11.3%

Persia And Mesopotamia 7.2%

West Africa 5.8%

Basque And South West France 5.1%

Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Regions below 5% are grouped under "Other".

Chromosome 21

Chromosome 22

Sort:

43 regions detected | 22 chromosomes analyzed |

French German

22 chr • 86.4% • 60.5%

60.51% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 15: 86.4%

1 74.81%
2 73.17%
3 58.52%
4 82.78%
5 75.82%
6 66.44%
7 58.25%
8 49.92%
9 52.63%
10 69.25%
11 77.61%
12 52.01%
13 69.27%
14 55.63%
15 86.37%
16 33.34%
17 57.63%
18 42.93%
19 46.92%
20 19.38%
21 49.06%
22 79.55%

Basque And South West France

9 chr • 36.8% • 11.7%

4.77% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 21: 36.8%

2 5.98%
3 11.46%
11 11.15%
12 13.39%
14 2.53%
15 5.37%
19 13.30%
20 5.05%
21 36.76%

Arabia Levant Egypt

7 chr • 20.9% • 8.4%

2.66% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 20.9%

1 2.18%
2 6.63%
6 20.86%
7 7.92%
10 14.55%
11 2.46%
18 3.86%

Sardinian

9 chr • 11.9% • 5.4%

2.21% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 9: 11.9%

4 0.01%
6 0.50%
8 2.60%
9 11.91%
14 3.46%
16 9.14%
17 3.62%
18 9.48%
21 7.89%

North Italy

8 chr • 12.6% • 6.1%

2.21% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 12.6%

1 8.11%
8 0.22%
12 9.70%
14 7.66%
17 0.95%
18 1.80%
19 7.49%
20 12.58%

Greece And Albania

4 chr • 27.0% • 11.5%

2.10% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 17: 27.0%

1 8.03%
14 7.52%
15 3.61%
17 26.98%

Central Africa

13 chr • 6.3% • 3.3%

1.94% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 6.3%

2 1.72%
5 3.50%
6 1.44%
7 4.83%
8 2.95%
9 4.56%
11 2.26%
14 0.92%
15 3.29%
18 5.94%
19 6.30%
20 1.38%
21 3.61%

Baltic

3 chr • 17.6% • 11.0%

1.50% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 17.6%

16 12.48%
18 2.98%
20 17.63%

South Africa

10 chr • 7.6% • 3.1%

1.43% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 14: 7.6%

1 1.43%
3 0.41%
4 3.60%
9 2.19%
14 7.64%
17 1.69%
19 2.74%
20 3.82%
21 2.68%
22 5.25%

Persia And Mesopotamia

4 chr • 8.7% • 6.9%

1.26% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 12: 8.7%

9 4.13%
10 7.59%
12 8.73%
20 7.21%

North Africans

6 chr • 10.3% • 4.5%

1.22% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 8: 10.3%

4 2.27%
5 2.62%
6 0.51%
8 10.33%
9 2.82%
13 8.18%

Finnish

4 chr • 11.3% • 6.5%

1.17% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 11.3%

3 0.15%
7 3.84%
16 10.47%
20 11.34%

Anatolian And Caucasus

4 chr • 10.0% • 6.3%

1.15% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 14: 10.0%

5 2.08%
8 8.37%
14 9.96%
18 4.86%

North East Africa

8 chr • 8.8% • 3.1%

1.13% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 5: 8.8%

2 5.40%
3 1.71%
4 1.89%
5 8.79%
11 1.08%
14 2.44%
17 0.34%
19 3.15%

West Africa

6 chr • 12.0% • 4.0%

1.10% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 12.0%

6 1.80%
10 1.13%
11 1.26%
17 2.28%
19 11.96%
20 5.77%

Irish Scottish Welsh

6 chr • 7.6% • 3.9%

1.07% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 7: 7.6%

3 4.25%
7 7.58%
9 3.10%
12 2.01%
16 3.91%
20 2.63%

Cyprus

7 chr • 9.3% • 3.3%

1.04% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 9.3%

3 1.31%
12 2.00%
14 0.06%
16 9.33%
17 1.70%
18 6.92%
20 1.52%

Scandinavian

4 chr • 8.0% • 5.5%

1.00% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 4: 8.0%

4 7.95%
9 1.41%
12 6.14%
16 6.48%

England

4 chr • 8.3% • 5.1%

0.93% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 18: 8.3%

7 8.24%
10 3.38%
17 0.57%
18 8.29%

East Africa

2 chr • 11.4% • 9.7%

0.88% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 22: 11.4%

3 7.96%
22 11.44%

Cambodian And Thai

2 chr • 9.5% • 8.5%

0.77% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 9.5%

3 7.48%
16 9.51%

Vietnam South China

3 chr • 8.3% • 5.6%

0.77% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 7: 8.3%

6 2.35%
7 8.30%
13 6.20%

Mesoamerica

6 chr • 4.8% • 2.8%

0.76% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 4.8%

8 1.74%
9 4.64%
10 1.05%
11 3.50%
19 4.82%
22 0.86%

Papuan

9 chr • 5.7% • 1.7%

0.70% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 5: 5.7%

1 1.65%
2 1.25%
5 5.69%
6 0.85%
8 0.17%
9 0.82%
13 2.44%
17 2.04%
18 0.54%

Siberia

3 chr • 6.2% • 4.4%

0.60% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 18: 6.2%

8 5.62%
13 1.32%
18 6.19%

Innuit

8 chr • 4.1% • 1.6%

0.60% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 4.1%

1 0.43%
2 0.68%
5 1.51%
6 4.09%
8 2.72%
9 0.69%
14 1.65%
15 1.36%

Iberian

2 chr • 8.5% • 6.4%

0.58% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 8.5%

13 8.49%
16 4.35%

Central Asian

2 chr • 11.1% • 6.3%

0.58% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 9: 11.1%

9 11.09%
12 1.60%

Southern Indian Subcontinent

1 chr • 11.7% • 11.7%

0.53% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 20: 11.7%

20 11.69%

North India And East Pakistan

3 chr • 6.2% • 2.8%

0.38% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 18: 6.2%

14 0.52%
18 6.22%
22 1.64%

Balkans

2 chr • 7.7% • 4.2%

0.38% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 8: 7.7%

3 0.61%
8 7.72%

Central Mediterranean

3 chr • 7.7% • 2.6%

0.36% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 8: 7.7%

1 0.09%
6 0.11%
8 7.65%

North Amerindian

3 chr • 3.3% • 2.3%

0.31% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 19: 3.3%

1 3.27%
10 0.26%
19 3.32%

Tibeto Burmese

3 chr • 4.1% • 2.2%

0.30% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 2: 4.1%

2 4.09%
6 0.80%
13 1.81%

Eastern European

1 chr • 6.1% • 6.1%

0.28% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 3: 6.1%

3 6.12%

Vietnam And South China

1 chr • 4.4% • 4.4%

0.20% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 12: 4.4%

12 4.42%

Amazonian

3 chr • 2.2% • 1.3%

0.18% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 17: 2.2%

2 1.08%
10 0.57%
17 2.20%

Melanesia

2 chr • 2.3% • 1.8%

0.16% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 13: 2.3%

13 2.29%
22 1.26%

Japanese Korean

2 chr • 2.2% • 1.5%

0.13% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 10: 2.2%

10 2.22%
11 0.68%

North East Asia

1 chr • 1.5% • 1.5%

0.07% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 4: 1.5%

4 1.50%

Bengal

1 chr • 1.0% • 1.0%

0.05% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 7: 1.0%

7 1.04%

South Central Asia

1 chr • 1.0% • 1.0%

0.04% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 16: 1.0%

16 0.98%

North Central Asia

1 chr • 0.2% • 0.2%

0.01% total

Chromosome breakdown

Chr 6: 0.2%

6 0.24%

Chromosome Heatmap 43 regions

100%

Scroll horizontally to view all chromosomes

Region	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22
French German 1
French German	74.8%	73.2%	58.5%	82.8%	75.8%	66.4%	58.2%	49.9%	52.6%	69.2%	77.6%	52.0%	69.3%	55.6%	86.4%	33.3%	57.6%	42.9%	46.9%	19.4%	49.1%	79.6%
Basque And South West France 1
Basque And South West France	-	6.0%	11.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	11.2%	13.4%	-	2.5%	5.4%	-	-	-	13.3%	5.0%	36.8%	-
Arabia Levant Egypt 1
Arabia Levant Egypt	2.2%	6.6%	-	-	-	20.9%	7.9%	-	-	14.6%	2.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.9%	-	-	-	-
Sardinian 1
Sardinian	-	-	-	0.0%	-	0.5%	-	2.6%	11.9%	-	-	-	-	3.5%	-	9.1%	3.6%	9.5%	-	-	7.9%	-
North Italy 1
North Italy	8.1%	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.2%	-	-	-	9.7%	-	7.7%	-	-	1.0%	1.8%	7.5%	12.6%	-	-
Greece And Albania 1
Greece And Albania	8.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.5%	3.6%	-	27.0%	-	-	-	-	-
Central Africa 1
Central Africa	-	1.7%	-	-	3.5%	1.4%	4.8%	3.0%	4.6%	-	2.3%	-	-	0.9%	3.3%	-	-	5.9%	6.3%	1.4%	3.6%	-
Baltic 1
Baltic	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	12.5%	-	3.0%	-	17.6%	-	-
South Africa 1
South Africa	1.4%	-	0.4%	3.6%	-	-	-	-	2.2%	-	-	-	-	7.6%	-	-	1.7%	-	2.7%	3.8%	2.7%	5.2%
Persia And Mesopotamia 1
Persia And Mesopotamia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.1%	7.6%	-	8.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	7.2%	-	-
North Africans 1
North Africans	-	-	-	2.3%	2.6%	0.5%	-	10.3%	2.8%	-	-	-	8.2%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Finnish 1
Finnish	-	-	0.2%	-	-	-	3.8%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.5%	-	-	-	11.3%	-	-
Anatolian And Caucasus 1
Anatolian And Caucasus	-	-	-	-	2.1%	-	-	8.4%	-	-	-	-	-	10.0%	-	-	-	4.9%	-	-	-	-
North East Africa 1
North East Africa	-	5.4%	1.7%	1.9%	8.8%	-	-	-	-	-	1.1%	-	-	2.4%	-	-	0.3%	-	3.2%	-	-	-
West Africa 1
West Africa	-	-	-	-	-	1.8%	-	-	-	1.1%	1.3%	-	-	-	-	-	2.3%	-	12.0%	5.8%	-	-
Irish Scottish Welsh 1
Irish Scottish Welsh	-	-	4.2%	-	-	-	7.6%	-	3.1%	-	-	2.0%	-	-	-	3.9%	-	-	-	2.6%	-	-
Cyprus 1
Cyprus	-	-	1.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.0%	-	0.1%	-	9.3%	1.7%	6.9%	-	1.5%	-	-
Scandinavian 1
Scandinavian	-	-	-	8.0%	-	-	-	-	1.4%	-	-	6.1%	-	-	-	6.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-
England 1
England	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.2%	-	-	3.4%	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.6%	8.3%	-	-	-	-
East Africa 1
East Africa	-	-	8.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	11.4%
Cambodian And Thai 1
Cambodian And Thai	-	-	7.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	9.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-
Vietnam South China 1
Vietnam South China	-	-	-	-	-	2.4%	8.3%	-	-	-	-	-	6.2%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Mesoamerica 1
Mesoamerica	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.7%	4.6%	1.0%	3.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.8%	-	-	0.9%
Papuan 1
Papuan	1.6%	1.2%	-	-	5.7%	0.8%	-	0.2%	0.8%	-	-	-	2.4%	-	-	-	2.0%	0.5%	-	-	-	-
Siberia 1
Siberia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5.6%	-	-	-	-	1.3%	-	-	-	-	6.2%	-	-	-	-
Innuit 1
Innuit	0.4%	0.7%	-	-	1.5%	4.1%	-	2.7%	0.7%	-	-	-	-	1.6%	1.4%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Iberian 1
Iberian	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.5%	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	-	-	-
Central Asian 1
Central Asian	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	11.1%	-	-	1.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Southern Indian Subcontinent 1
Southern Indian Subcontinent	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	11.7%	-	-
North India And East Pakistan 1
North India And East Pakistan	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.5%	-	-	-	6.2%	-	-	-	1.6%
Balkans 1
Balkans	-	-	0.6%	-	-	-	-	7.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Central Mediterranean 1
Central Mediterranean	0.1%	-	-	-	-	0.1%	-	7.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
North Amerindian 1
North Amerindian	3.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.3%	-	-	-
Tibeto Burmese 1
Tibeto Burmese	-	4.1%	-	-	-	0.8%	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.8%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Eastern European 1
Eastern European	-	-	6.1%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Vietnam And South China 1
Vietnam And South China	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.4%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Amazonian 1
Amazonian	-	1.1%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.6%	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.2%	-	-	-	-	-
Melanesia 1
Melanesia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.3%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.3%
Japanese Korean 1
Japanese Korean	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.2%	0.7%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
North East Asia 1
North East Asia	-	-	-	1.5%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Bengal 1
Bengal	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
South Central Asia 1
South Central Asia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.0%	-	-	-	-	-	-
North Central Asia 1
North Central Asia	-	-	-	-	-	0.2%	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

French German French German

Chr 1 74.8%

Chr 2 73.2%

Chr 3 58.5%

Chr 4 82.8%

Chr 5 75.8%

Chr 6 66.4%

Chr 7 58.2%

Chr 8 49.9%

Chr 9 52.6%

Chr 10 69.2%

Chr 11 77.6%

Chr 12 52.0%

Chr 13 69.3%

Chr 14 55.6%

Chr 15 86.4%

Chr 16 33.3%

Chr 17 57.6%

Chr 18 42.9%

Chr 19 46.9%

Chr 20 19.4%

Chr 21 49.1%

Chr 22 79.6%

Basque And South West France Basque And South West France

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 6.0%

Chr 3 11.5%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 11.2%

Chr 12 13.4%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 2.5%

Chr 15 5.4%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 13.3%

Chr 20 5.0%

Chr 21 36.8%

Chr 22 -

Arabia Levant Egypt Arabia Levant Egypt

Chr 1 2.2%

Chr 2 6.6%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 20.9%

Chr 7 7.9%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 14.6%

Chr 11 2.5%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 3.9%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Sardinian Sardinian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 0.0%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 0.5%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.6%

Chr 9 11.9%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 3.5%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 9.1%

Chr 17 3.6%

Chr 18 9.5%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 7.9%

Chr 22 -

North Italy North Italy

Chr 1 8.1%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 0.2%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 9.7%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 7.7%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 1.0%

Chr 18 1.8%

Chr 19 7.5%

Chr 20 12.6%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Greece And Albania Greece And Albania

Chr 1 8.0%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 7.5%

Chr 15 3.6%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 27.0%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Central Africa Central Africa

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 1.7%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 3.5%

Chr 6 1.4%

Chr 7 4.8%

Chr 8 3.0%

Chr 9 4.6%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 2.3%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.9%

Chr 15 3.3%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 5.9%

Chr 19 6.3%

Chr 20 1.4%

Chr 21 3.6%

Chr 22 -

Baltic Baltic

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 12.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 3.0%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 17.6%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

South Africa South Africa

Chr 1 1.4%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 0.4%

Chr 4 3.6%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 2.2%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 7.6%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 1.7%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 2.7%

Chr 20 3.8%

Chr 21 2.7%

Chr 22 5.2%

Persia And Mesopotamia Persia And Mesopotamia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 4.1%

Chr 10 7.6%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 8.7%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 7.2%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North Africans North Africans

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 2.3%

Chr 5 2.6%

Chr 6 0.5%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 10.3%

Chr 9 2.8%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 8.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Finnish Finnish

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 0.2%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 3.8%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 10.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 11.3%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Anatolian And Caucasus Anatolian And Caucasus

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 2.1%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 8.4%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 10.0%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 4.9%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North East Africa North East Africa

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 5.4%

Chr 3 1.7%

Chr 4 1.9%

Chr 5 8.8%

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 1.1%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 2.4%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 0.3%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 3.2%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

West Africa West Africa

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 1.8%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 1.1%

Chr 11 1.3%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.3%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 12.0%

Chr 20 5.8%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Irish Scottish Welsh Irish Scottish Welsh

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 4.2%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 7.6%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 3.1%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 2.0%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 3.9%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 2.6%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Cyprus Cyprus

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 1.3%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 2.0%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.1%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 9.3%

Chr 17 1.7%

Chr 18 6.9%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 1.5%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Scandinavian Scandinavian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 8.0%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 1.4%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 6.1%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 6.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

England England

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 8.2%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 3.4%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 0.6%

Chr 18 8.3%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

East Africa East Africa

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 8.0%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 11.4%

Cambodian And Thai Cambodian And Thai

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 7.5%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 9.5%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Vietnam South China Vietnam South China

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 2.4%

Chr 7 8.3%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 6.2%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Mesoamerica Mesoamerica

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 1.7%

Chr 9 4.6%

Chr 10 1.0%

Chr 11 3.5%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 4.8%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 0.9%

Papuan Papuan

Chr 1 1.6%

Chr 2 1.2%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 5.7%

Chr 6 0.8%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 0.2%

Chr 9 0.8%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 2.4%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.0%

Chr 18 0.5%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Siberia Siberia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 5.6%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 1.3%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 6.2%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Innuit Innuit

Chr 1 0.4%

Chr 2 0.7%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 1.5%

Chr 6 4.1%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 2.7%

Chr 9 0.7%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 1.6%

Chr 15 1.4%

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Iberian Iberian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 8.5%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 4.4%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Central Asian Central Asian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 11.1%

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 1.6%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Southern Indian Subcontinent Southern Indian Subcontinent

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 11.7%

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North India And East Pakistan North India And East Pakistan

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 0.5%

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 6.2%

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 1.6%

Balkans Balkans

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 0.6%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 7.7%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Central Mediterranean Central Mediterranean

Chr 1 0.1%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 0.1%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 7.6%

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North Amerindian North Amerindian

Chr 1 3.3%

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.3%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 3.3%

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Tibeto Burmese Tibeto Burmese

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 4.1%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 0.8%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 1.8%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Eastern European Eastern European

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 6.1%

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Vietnam And South China Vietnam And South China

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 4.4%

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Amazonian Amazonian

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 1.1%

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 0.6%

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 2.2%

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Melanesia Melanesia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 2.3%

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 1.3%

Japanese Korean Japanese Korean

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 2.2%

Chr 11 0.7%

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North East Asia North East Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 1.5%

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

Bengal Bengal

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 1.0%

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

South Central Asia South Central Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 -

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 1.0%

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

North Central Asia North Central Asia

Chr 1 -

Chr 2 -

Chr 3 -

Chr 4 -

Chr 5 -

Chr 6 0.2%

Chr 7 -

Chr 8 -

Chr 9 -

Chr 10 -

Chr 11 -

Chr 12 -

Chr 13 -

Chr 14 -

Chr 15 -

Chr 16 -

Chr 17 -

Chr 18 -

Chr 19 -

Chr 20 -

Chr 21 -

Chr 22 -

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Reference

Reference Panel

Populations used in this analysis

Central Africa

African Bantu +2 more

Central Africa is dominated by the Congo Basin rainforest and hosts high genetic and linguistic diversity, including Bantu-speaking agriculturalists and multiple hunter-gatherer groups. The region preserves deep lineages such as Pygmy-associated ancestries and shows signatures of historical migrations and local adaptation to humid tropical environments. It is a key area for studying Bantu expansion and rainforest refugia in human prehistory.

African Bantu Hunter-Gatherer Congo Basin

Related Regions:

Congo Basin
Great Lakes
Cameroon

East Africa

African Swahili Coast +2 more

East Africa encompasses the Swahili Coast, Rift Valley and highland regions and is notable for early pastoralism, complex Afro-Asiatic and Nilotic language families, and ancient urban trade networks. Genetic profiles reflect admixture between indigenous African groups, incoming pastoralists, and historical Eurasian gene flow along coastal trading routes. The region is central to studies of lactase persistence, pastoralist expansions, and human evolutionary archaeology.

African Swahili Coast Nilotic Afroasiatic

Related Regions:

Swahili Coast
Great Rift Valley
Ethiopian Highlands

North East Africa

African Horn of Africa +2 more

North East Africa covers parts of the Horn and Nile corridors and has been a crossroads between Africa, the Mediterranean and Arabia for millennia. Populations carry mixtures of Cushitic and Semitic languages, ancient Nile Valley civilizations, and genetic signals from both African and West Eurasian sources. The region is important for understanding early state formation, Nile-based agriculture, and long-distance maritime and overland contacts.

African Horn of Africa Nile Valley Ancient

Related Regions:

Horn of Africa
Red Sea Coast
Nile Valley

South Africa

African Khoe-San +2 more

South Africa features deep indigenous lineages (including Khoe-San groups), multiple Bantu-speaking populations, and complex recent history shaped by colonialism and Apartheid-era demographic changes. Genetic studies reveal ancient hunter-gatherer ancestry, later Bantu expansions, and European and Asian admixture in some groups. The region provides insight into long-term continuity, population turnover, and social stratification impacts on genetic structure.

African Khoe-San Bantu Colonial

Related Regions:

Cape Region
KwaZulu-Natal
Highveld

West Africa

African Sahel +2 more

West Africa is a genetic and cultural mosaic that includes major language families (Niger-Congo, Mande) and historical empires across the Sahel and forest zones. The region played a central role in the trans-Atlantic slave trade and shows strong internal substructure related to agricultural expansions and riverine trade routes. West African populations are critical for understanding recent human demographic events and alleles relevant to infectious disease resistance.

African Sahel Mande Niger-Congo

Related Regions:

Sahel
Niger Delta
Gulf of Guinea

Anatolian and Caucasus

West Eurasian Anatolian +2 more

The Anatolian and Caucasus zone bridges Europe and West Asia, containing diverse languages and long archaeological records from early farming to Bronze Age kingdoms. Populations show mixtures of Anatolian farmer, Caucasus, and later steppe-related ancestries, with strong regional differentiation driven by geography and language isolates. This area is pivotal for tracing Neolithic expansions and post-Neolithic population movements into Europe and the Near East.

West Eurasian Anatolian Caucasus Neolithic

Related Regions:

Anatolia
Caucasus Mountains
Eastern Mediterranean

Arabia Levant Egypt

Middle Eastern Semitic +2 more

This corridor includes the Arabian Peninsula, Levant and Nile Delta and is a focal point for early agriculture, Semitic language dispersals, and successive ancient civilizations. Genetic signatures combine indigenous Arabian, Levantine, and North African elements as well as historic gene flow from Africa and Eurasia through trade and conquest. The region's archaeology and genetics illuminate the spread of domestication, religion, and early urban societies.

Middle Eastern Semitic Ancient Civilizations Neolithic

Related Regions:

Arabian Peninsula
Levant
Nile Delta

Central Asian

Steppe Turkic +2 more

Central Asia is shaped by steppe pastoralism, Silk Road connectivity, and successive Turkic and Mongolic movements that produced layered genetic ancestry across the region. Populations often show blends of West Eurasian, East Eurasian and local Central Asian components reflecting mobility and elite dominance events. The area is crucial for understanding language spread, nomadic polities, and east–west gene flow over millennia.

Steppe Turkic Silk Road Nomadic

Related Regions:

Kazakhstan
Pamirs
Xinjiang

China

East Asian Han +2 more

China encompasses major Neolithic centers for millet and rice agriculture and today contains one of the largest and most genetically structured populations worldwide. Han-majority regions show north–south clines and admixture with many ethnic minorities who retain distinct ancestries and languages. The long archaeological and historical record links demographic shifts to agricultural expansion, state formation, and later migrations.

East Asian Han Neolithic Rice Agriculture

Related Regions:

North China Plain
Yangtze River
South China

Finno-Ugric

#10

Uralic Northern Europe +2 more

Finno-Ugric groups speak Uralic languages and occupy northern Eurasian landscapes from the Baltic to the Ural Mountains and Hungary. Genetic profiles often show mixtures of European and Siberian-related ancestries, with particular drift patterns in small or isolated populations like the Saami. Their distribution and linguistic ties offer insights into post-glacial expansions and contacts across northern Europe and western Siberia.

Uralic Northern Europe Siberian Influence Saami

Related Regions:

Baltic Sea
Ural Mountains
Fennoscandia

Japan and Korea

#11

East Asian Jomon +2 more

Japan and Korea have long, well-documented histories and distinct genetic trajectories shaped by island isolation, peninsula contacts and multiple prehistoric migrations (Jomon, Yayoi). Japanese populations retain evidence of ancient hunter-gatherer ancestry mixed with later Northeast Asian farmer and continental inputs, while Koreans show strong Northeast Asian continuity with some admixture. Both regions are important for studies of maritime expansions and East Asian population structure.

East Asian Jomon Yayoi Korean Peninsula

Related Regions:

Japanese Archipelago
Korean Peninsula
Ryukyu Islands

Melanesia

#12

Oceanian Austronesian +2 more

Melanesia comprises many Pacific islands where Austronesian and Papuan ancestries combine with long histories of local cultural diversification. Populations often show high levels of archaic Denisovan ancestry and marked genetic differentiation between islands due to founder effects and isolation. Archaeological records such as the Lapita expansion document major movements and cultural exchanges in this region.

Oceanian Austronesian Denisovan Island Populations

Related Regions:

Melanesian Islands
Bismarck Archipelago
Solomon Islands

Papuan

#13

Papuan Ancient Lineages +2 more

Papuan peoples of New Guinea and neighboring islands represent some of the most ancient and diverse human lineages outside Africa, with dozens of language families and deep genetic divergence. Highland and lowland groups show marked differentiation reflecting long-term isolation, complex social systems, and local adaptations. Papuan genomes are key to understanding early human settlement of Sahul and interactions with incoming Austronesian speakers.

Papuan Ancient Lineages High Diversity New Guinea

Related Regions:

New Guinea
Bismarck Archipelago
Torres Strait

Persia and Mesopotamia

#14

Near Eastern Iranian +2 more

The Persia and Mesopotamia region includes the Iranian plateau and the fertile crescent where some of the earliest civilizations, state systems and agricultural innovations arose. Genetic landscapes reflect interactions among Zagros hunter-gatherers, ancient Near Eastern farmers, and later steppe and Central Asian influxes. These areas are central to understanding the origins of urbanism, language families, and long-term demographic continuity and change.

Near Eastern Iranian Mesopotamia Ancient Civilizations

Related Regions:

Iranian Plateau
Mesopotamia
Zagros Mountains

Siberia

#15

Northern Eurasian Indigenous +2 more

Siberia spans vast northern Eurasia and hosts diverse indigenous groups (Yakut, Evenk, Chukchi) with genetic ties to ancient North Eurasian populations and links to Native American ancestors. Harsh environments and historical migrations produced unique adaptations and population structure, with evidence of back-and-forth gene flow across Beringia. Siberia is essential for reconstructing Pleistocene and Holocene movements across northern Asia and into the Americas.

Northern Eurasian Indigenous Ancient North Eurasian Beringia

Related Regions:

Russian Far East
Yakutia
Altai

South Central Asia

#16

South Asian Indo-European +2 more

South Central Asia covers a core of the Indian subcontinent characterized by deep genetic structure resulting from ancient admixture between indigenous South Asian hunter-gatherers and incoming West Eurasian groups. The region includes the Indo-Gangetic plains and transitional zones where Dravidian, Indo-European and other language families meet. Its demographic history includes urban Harappan roots, later migrations, and complex caste- and tribe-based substructure.

South Asian Indo-European Dravidian Indus Valley

Related Regions:

Indo-Gangetic Plain
Deccan Plateau
Himalayan Foothills

Southern Indian Subcontinent

#17

Dravidian South Asian +2 more

The southern Indian subcontinent is distinguished by Dravidian languages, ancient megalithic cultures, and a high degree of indigenous South Asian (ASI) ancestry coupled with later admixture. Coastal networks fostered maritime trade with the Indian Ocean world, while interior regions developed distinct social and genetic patterns. This area is informative for studying deep subcontinental structure and ancient population continuity on peninsular India.

Dravidian South Asian Maritime Trade ASI

Related Regions:

Tamil Nadu
Kerala
Deccan Plateau
Sri Lanka

Tibeto-Burmese

#18

Tibeto-Burman High-Altitude +2 more

Tibeto-Burmese populations inhabit the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent highlands and valleys, speaking Tibeto-Burman languages and often displaying high-altitude adaptations. Genetic profiles reflect mixtures between East Asian, Himalayan and Southeast Asian ancestries, shaped by upland migrations and local differentiation. The region is important for understanding highland dispersals and cultural exchanges across the Himalaya and Southeast Asia.

Tibeto-Burman High-Altitude Himalayan Sino-Tibetan

Related Regions:

Tibetan Plateau
Myanmar
Yunnan

Vietnam and South China

#19

Southeast Asian Austroasiatic +2 more

Vietnam and South China are a contact zone of Austroasiatic, Tai-Kadai, Hmong-Mien and Han Chinese influences, with long histories of rice agriculture and coastal trade. Genetic patterns show admixture and clinal variation reflecting migration, sinicization, and local Southeast Asian ancestries. The region is important for reconstructing movements of agriculturalists and cultural exchanges between Mainland and Maritime Southeast Asia.

Southeast Asian Austroasiatic Rice Agriculture Contact Zone

Related Regions:

Red River Delta
Guangdong-Guangxi
Mekong Delta

Balkans

#20

European Balkan +2 more

The Balkans are a historically complex peninsula with layers of ancient Greek, Roman, Slavic and Ottoman influences producing high genetic and cultural heterogeneity. Populations exhibit mixtures of Mediterranean, Central European and steppe-derived ancestries, with local microstructure driven by mountainous terrain and historical migrations. The region is a key area for studying population turnover, language shifts, and long-term admixture processes in southeastern Europe.

European Balkan Slavic Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Balkan Peninsula
Adriatic Coast
Aegean

Baltic

#21

Northern European Baltic +2 more

The Baltic region (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia) retains genetic ties to both northeastern Europe and Fennoscandia, alongside distinctive linguistic and cultural features. Baltic populations show continuity with ancient hunter-gatherer and early farmer groups but also signals of later contacts with Slavic and Scandinavian peoples. The area is informative for post-glacial recolonization of northern Europe and the spread of Baltic languages.

Northern European Baltic Fennoscandia Ancient Continuity

Related Regions:

Baltic Sea
Eastern Europe
Fennoscandia

Basque and South West France

#22

Basque Western European +2 more

The Basque region and southwest France are notable for the Basque language isolate and genetic signals suggesting substantial continuity from pre-Neolithic and Neolithic peoples. Populations here often show unique paternal and mitochondrial haplogroup distributions and local genetic drift associated with geographic and cultural isolation. The area provides important evidence for persistence of pre-Indo-European lineages in western Europe.

Basque Western European Isolate Language Prehistoric Continuity

Related Regions:

Basque Country
Pyrenees
South West France

Eastern European

#23

European Slavic +2 more

Eastern Europe encompasses Slavic-speaking populations and neighboring groups shaped by steppe migrations, medieval state formation, and interactions with Central Europe. Genetic structure reflects gradients of steppe-derived, hunter-gatherer and early farmer ancestries, with regional differences shaped by geography and historic population movements. The region is central to models of Indo-European expansion and later medieval demographic dynamics.

European Slavic Steppe Influence East European Plain

Related Regions:

Carpathians
East European Plain
Black Sea

French German

#24

Western European Romance +2 more

The French–German zone spans central-western Europe where Romance and Germanic cultures meet, producing a long history of population movement, trade and language contact. Genetic profiles blend western European farmer, hunter-gatherer and varying levels of steppe ancestry, with localized structure in regions like Alsace and Lorraine. This area is informative for studying cultural transitions and gene flow across major European language boundaries.

Western European Romance Germanic Border Region

Related Regions:

Rhine Valley
Paris Basin
Alsace

Greece and Albania

#25

Mediterranean Balkan +2 more

Greece and Albania occupy the southern Balkans and Aegean, with deep classical and pre-classical histories that shaped Mediterranean cultural and genetic landscapes. Populations display Mediterranean farmer and ancient Greek signals combined with Balkan and Anatolian inputs from successive historical periods. The region's islands and mountainous interior produce local differentiation and continuity with ancient populations.

Mediterranean Balkan Ancient Greece Aegean

Related Regions:

Aegean
Ionian Sea
Albanian Alps

Iberian

#26

Western European Iberian +2 more

The Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) has a layered history including pre-Roman Iberians, Romanization, Visigothic and Moorish periods, and subsequent Atlantic-facing maritime expansion. Genetic variation reflects deep Neolithic farmer ancestry, later steppe contributions, North African and Sephardic influences in parts of the peninsula. Iberia offers a rich case study of coastal interchange, cultural blending, and regional isolation such as in the Canary Islands and Galicia.

Western European Iberian Mediterranean Moorish Influence

Related Regions:

Iberian Peninsula
Cantabrian Coast
Andalusia

Irish Scottish Welsh

#27

Celtic Insular +2 more

Ireland, Scotland and Wales share Celtic linguistic and cultural roots with regional genetic signatures shaped by Insular Celtic continuity, Atlantic seafaring, and later Norse and Norman contacts. Populations exhibit distinct haplotype patterns along north–south and coastal–inland gradients, reflecting isolation and periodic migration. These groups are valuable for understanding the peopling of Atlantic Europe and the persistence of Celtic heritage.

Celtic Insular Atlantic Europe Viking Influence

Related Regions:

British Isles
Atlantic Coast
Highlands

North Italy

#28

Southern European Po Valley +2 more

Northern Italy (Po Valley, Veneto, Lombardy) has a distinct cultural and genetic profile influenced by Roman antiquity, Alpine contacts, and later continental European ties. The region shows admixture of Mediterranean and central European ancestries with localized genetic structure tied to urban-rural distinctions and historic trade routes. Northern Italy is a transition zone between Mediterranean and continental Europe with important archaeological continuity.

Southern European Po Valley Roman Alpine

Related Regions:

Po Valley
Alps
Adriatic Coast

Sardinian

#29

Island Neolithic Continuity +2 more

Sardinians display a well-documented pattern of genetic continuity with early Neolithic farmers and relatively limited later admixture, making the island a genetic refuge in the western Mediterranean. Strong founder effects and drift have produced distinctive allele frequencies and haplogroup distributions. Sardinia is frequently used as a proxy for ancient Mediterranean farmer ancestry in population genetic studies.

Island Neolithic Continuity Genetic Drift Mediterranean

Related Regions:

Sardinia
Tyrrhenian Sea
Mediterranean Islands

Scandinavian

#30

Northern European Viking +2 more

Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark) is shaped by postglacial recolonization, Mesolithic hunter-gatherer heritage and later Neolithic and Bronze Age arrivals, including Viking-era expansions. Contemporary populations show north–south genetic clines and admixture with neighboring European groups. The region is central to studies of high-latitude adaptation, mobility, and maritime cultural influence across northern Europe.

Northern European Viking Postglacial Maritime

Related Regions:

Scandinavia
Baltic Sea
North Sea

England

#31

British Anglo-Saxon +2 more

England's population history reflects Celtic roots, Anglo-Saxon settlement, Viking incursions and Norman influence, layered onto long-term British Isles continuity. Genetic patterns show regional substructure influenced by historical migrations, coastal trade and later British colonial expansions. England serves as a focal point for studying admixture dynamics within the British Isles and broader Atlantic networks.

British Anglo-Saxon Colonial Insular

Related Regions:

British Isles
North Sea
English Channel

Melanesia

#32

Oceanian Papuan-Austronesian +2 more

Melanesia’s islands contain a patchwork of genetically and culturally distinct groups with deep Papuan roots and varying Austronesian overlays from later seafarers. Many Melanesian populations show elevated Denisovan ancestry and strong island-specific drift due to long-term isolation and founder events. The region preserves rich linguistic diversity and archaeogenetic records of oceanic settlement and exchange.

Oceanian Papuan-Austronesian Denisovan Island Diversity

Related Regions:

Vanuatu
Fiji
New Caledonia

North Amerindian

#33

Indigenous Beringian +2 more

North Amerindian populations encompass the Indigenous peoples of North America, including Arctic, Subarctic, Plains and Eastern Woodlands groups with diverse cultural and genetic histories. Their ancestries reflect multiple waves of migration across Beringia, regional differentiation and adaptation to diverse environments from tundra to temperate forests. These populations are essential for reconstructing early peopling of the Americas and subsequent regional demographic events.

Indigenous Beringian First Nations Diverse Ecologies

Related Regions:

Arctic
Great Plains
Eastern Woodlands

Exclusive Admixture Report

Population composition

Reference contributions

Reference regions

French German

Arabia Levant Egypt

Smaller reference components

Chromosome Admixture Analysis

French German

French German

Basque And South West France

Basque And South West France

Arabia Levant Egypt

Arabia Levant Egypt

Sardinian

Sardinian

North Italy

North Italy

Greece And Albania

Greece And Albania

Central Africa

Central Africa

Baltic

Baltic

South Africa

South Africa

Persia And Mesopotamia

Persia And Mesopotamia

North Africans

North Africans

Finnish

Finnish

Anatolian And Caucasus

Anatolian And Caucasus

North East Africa

North East Africa

West Africa

West Africa

Irish Scottish Welsh

Irish Scottish Welsh

Cyprus

Cyprus

Scandinavian

Scandinavian

England

England

East Africa

East Africa

Cambodian And Thai

Cambodian And Thai

Vietnam South China

Vietnam South China

Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica

Papuan

Papuan

Siberia

Siberia

Innuit

Innuit

Iberian

Iberian

Central Asian

Central Asian

Southern Indian Subcontinent

Southern Indian Subcontinent

North India And East Pakistan

North India And East Pakistan

Balkans

Balkans

Central Mediterranean

Central Mediterranean

North Amerindian

North Amerindian

Tibeto Burmese

Tibeto Burmese

Eastern European

Eastern European

Vietnam And South China

Vietnam And South China