A woman buried in Kazakhstan in the era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A woman buried in Kazakhstan in the era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

KazakhstanEarly to Middle Bronze Age Central Steppe

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A woman buried in Kazakhstan in the era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan

Sample ID: EBA2

Date Range

2622 BCE - 2465 BCE

Cultural Period

Early to Middle Bronze Age Central Steppe

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

C4a1a4a

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Pastoralist (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Kazakhstan
Locality Sjolpan 4

A location map is not available for this record.

Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan 2622 BCE - 2465 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Overview

The label “Early to Middle Bronze Age Central Steppe” with dates (c. 2000–1600 BCE) indicates a Bronze Age interval in the central steppe zone, but the region is not explicitly specified in the input. Because no culture or identifiers are supplied, a conservative introduction cannot reliably name specific material-culture traits.

Region & Environment

Not specified in the input beyond a general steppe reference.

Historical Context

Not specified.

Populations & Lifeways

Not specified.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Not specified.

Culture & Society

Not specified.

Legacy & Transition

Not specified.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 42.9%
Eastern European 31.3%
Eastern European 31.3%
Northwestern European 11.6%
Finnish 11.6%
Asia 40.4%
Northern Asian 32.1%
Siberian 32.1%
Central Asian, Northern Indian & Pakistani 4.8%
Indian 4.8%
Chinese & Southeast Asian 3.6%
Tibetan 3.6%
America 12.9%
America 12.9%
Native American 12.9%
Africa 3.8%
African Hunter-Gatherer 3.8%
African Hunter-Gatherer 3.8%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in Kazakhstan in the era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Tlingit
8.2111
2
Bashkir
11.0809
3
Tatar Siberian
11.4016
4
Khanty O1
11.9146
5
Tatar Siberian Zabolotniye
12.2761
6
Mari
12.8806
7
Greenlander West
12.9526
8
Komi B
13.4143
9
Ket O1
13.5292
10
Udmurt
13.6604
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

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Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
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Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Eneolithic Lokomotiv, Russia 5714 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2461 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberian Hunter-Gatherers individual, Russia Eneolithic Shamanka, Russia 5362 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Circum-Pontic Neolithic individual, Russia Late Neolithic Ust-Ida, Russia 3637 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
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Siberian Hunter-Gatherers individual, Russia Eneolithic Shamanka, Russia 5524 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Kurma, Russia 2883 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2573 BCE Sayan Mountain. Minusinskaya Intermountain Basin. Syda 5, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2191 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Eneolithic Lokomotiv, Russia 5713 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Sayan Mountain. Minusinskaya Intermountain Basin. Syda 5, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2343 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Siberian Hunter-Gatherers individual, Russia Eneolithic Shamanka, Russia 5471 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2463 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2857 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Eneolithic Lokomotiv, Russia 5217 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2284 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2291 BCE Okunev Ulus, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Eneolithic Lokomotiv, Russia 5981 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Circum-Pontic Neolithic individual, Russia Late Neolithic Ust-Ida, Russia 3644 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Siberian individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Shamanka, Russia 2200 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Kurma, Russia 2878 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2659 BCE Uybat III, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Circum-Pontic Neolithic individual, Russia Late Neolithic Ust-Ida, Russia 3945 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Kurma, Russia 2856 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Kazakhstan Eneolithic Kazakhstan 3345 BCE Botai, Kazakhstan View
Steppe Cultures individual, Kazakhstan Early Middle Bronze Age Kazakhstan 2286 BCE Gregorievka 2, Kazakhstan View
Steppe Cultures individual, Kazakhstan Early Middle Bronze Age Kazakhstan 2622 BCE Sjolpan 4, Kazakhstan View
Indo-European individual, Kazakhstan Early Bronze Age Yamnaya Culture, Kazakhstan 3016 BCE Karagash, Kazakhstan View
Ancient Near Eastern Civilization individual, Turkey Assyrian Colony Period in Turkey 2000 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
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Anatolian Civilizations individual, Turkey Early Bronze Age II Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Anatolian Civilizations individual, Turkey Early Bronze Age II Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Anatolian Civilizations individual, Turkey Early Bronze Age II Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Hellenic Civilization individual, Turkey Hellenistic Turkey 335 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
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Anatolian Civilizations individual, Turkey Old Hittite Period Turkey 1750 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
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Ancient Near Eastern Civilization individual, Turkmenistan Chalcolithic Namazga, Turkmenistan 3482 BCE Kara-Depe, Turkmenistan View
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Ancient Near Eastern Civilization individual, Turkmenistan Chalcolithic Namazga, Turkmenistan 3367 BCE Geoksyur, Turkmenistan View
Ancient Near Eastern Civilization individual, Turkmenistan Chalcolithic Namazga, Turkmenistan 3366 BCE Kara-Depe, Turkmenistan View
Iranian Civilization individual, Turkmenistan Iron Age Turkmenistan 916 BCE Takhirbai 3, Turkmenistan View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2291 BCE Okunev-Ulus (Republic of Khakassia, Ust-Abakansky District, Okunev Ulus), Russia View
BA Okunevo-1 individual, Russia Bronze Age Okunevo Culture, Russia 2459 BCE Okunev-Ulus (Republic of Khakassia, Ust-Abakansky District, Okunev Ulus), Russia View
Sidelkino2 Mesolithic- Dup individual, Russia Hunter-Gatherer Sidelkino, Russia 9649 BCE Sidelkino-Mayak (Samara Oblast, Chelno-Vershinskiy District, Sidel'kino), Russia View
Turan Ca individual, Turkmenistan 3482 BCE Kara-Depe, Turkmenistan View
Turan Ca individual, Turkmenistan 3366 BCE Kara-Depe, Turkmenistan View
Turan Ia individual, Turkmenistan 3367 BCE Geoksyur, Turkmenistan View
Turan Ca individual, Turkmenistan 916 BCE Takhirbai 3, Turkmenistan View
Steppe Central Emba individual, Turkmenistan 3400 BCE Takhirbai 3, Turkmenistan View
Anatolia Ia individual, Turkey 335 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Ia individual, Turkey 335 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Mlba individual, Turkey 1750 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Mlba individual, Turkey 1750 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Mlba individual, Turkey 2000 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Mlba individual, Turkey 2000 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Mlba individual, Turkey 2000 BCE Kalehöyük, Turkey View
Anatolia Eba individual, Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Anatolia Eba individual, Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Anatolia Eba individual, Turkey 2750 BCE Ovaören, Turkey View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2291 BCE Okunev Ulus, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2459 BCE Okunev Ulus, Russia View
Europe East Hg individual, Russia 9649 BCE Sidelkino, Russia View
Yamnaya individual, Kazakhstan 3016 BCE Karagash, Kazakhstan View
Botai individual, Kazakhstan 3517 BCE Botai, Kazakhstan View
Botai individual, Kazakhstan 3345 BCE Botai, Kazakhstan View
Botai individual, Kazakhstan 3516 BCE Botai, Kazakhstan View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 6069 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5884 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal N individual, Russia 5837 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5762 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5987 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5524 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5471 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5473 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5371 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2284 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2461 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2500 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2200 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5217 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5714 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ln individual, Russia 3793 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ln individual, Russia 3945 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ln individual, Russia 3637 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Eba individual, Russia 2856 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ln individual, Russia 3644 BCE Ust'-Ida, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5981 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ba individual, Russia 2883 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5713 BCE Lokomotiv, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal Ba individual, Russia 2878 BCE Kurma XI, Russia View
Siberia Cis Baikal En individual, Russia 5362 BCE Shamanka II, Russia View
Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan 2286 BCE Gregorievka 2, Kazakhstan View
Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan 2622 BCE Sjolpan 4, Kazakhstan View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2343 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2201 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2191 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2284 BCE Verkhni Askiz, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2857 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2659 BCE Uybat III, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2138 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2463 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Khakassia. Ust'-Abakan. Uybat V, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2573 BCE Sayan Mountain. Minusinskaya Intermountain Basin. Syda 5, Russia View
Okunevo individual, Russia 2900 BCE Sayan Mountain. Minusinskaya Intermountain Basin. Syda 5, Russia View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Steppe Central Emba individual, Turkmenistan 3400 BCE Takhirbai 3, Turkmenistan View
Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan 2286 BCE Gregorievka 2, Kazakhstan View
Steppe Central Emba individual, Kazakhstan 2622 BCE Sjolpan 4, Kazakhstan View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

EBA2,0.08788772,-0.1148395,0.06359862,0.07584872,-0.05011888,0.00605984,-0.04787628,-0.0513242,0.0001571,-0.02365984,0.02215722,-0.00973298,0.0215661,-0.0218424,-0.02148056,-0.02072324,-0.00741378,-0.00527764,-0.02415846,-0.02014614,0.00770422,0.00777204,-0.02423362,0.00310762,-0.00667808
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