A man buried in Romania in the Copper Age era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A man buried in Romania in the Copper Age era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RomaniaRomania C Bodrogkeresztur

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A man buried in Romania in the Copper Age era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania

Sample ID: I11906

Date Range

4500 BCE - 3500 BCE

Cultural Period

Romania C Bodrogkeresztur

Biological Sex

Male

mtDNA Haplogroup

H5n

Y-DNA Haplogroup

F

Social Role

Farmer (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Romania
Locality Urziceni
Coordinates 47.7467, 22.3950
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4500 BCE - 3500 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Region & Environment

The Bodrogkeresztur cultural horizon is associated with the Carpathian Basin, including Hungary, where settlements could exploit fertile plains and riverine landscapes. Regular access to water supported farming, herding, and movement between communities.

Historical Context

In 4000–3600 BCE, Chalcolithic Europe was marked by expanding village networks, craft production, and increasing regional interaction. Although political history is difficult to reconstruct from archaeology, the period is widely characterized by growth in the complexity of production and long-term occupation in favorable areas.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations are generally understood to have practiced mixed farming and herding with household and community labor. Daily life would have included planting and harvesting cycles, animal management, food processing, and routine craft activities, alongside participation in exchange relationships that linked communities across the basin.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Bodrogkeresztur material signatures are most visible in ceramic traditions—especially pottery shapes, manufacturing techniques, and decorative patterns—as well as in the composition of settlement assemblages. Stone, bone, and metal items where present provide a broader picture of toolkits used for daily tasks, while durable finds can indicate where certain crafts or activities were performed.

Culture & Society

The culture’s material consistency across the region suggests shared cultural norms and strong local identity, likely reinforced through repeated social contact. Differences between sites may reflect variations in household size, access to resources, and participation in craft or exchange networks, but a unified social hierarchy is not something archaeology can specify with certainty for all communities.

Legacy & Transition

As the Chalcolithic progressed, cultural boundaries in the Carpathian Basin shifted through the adoption and modification of ceramic styles and other practices. The end of the Bodrogkeresztur timeframe leads toward later Chalcolithic developments, visible archaeologically through changing assemblages and evolving patterns of settlement and production.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 87.1%
Southern European 87.1%
Sardinian 30.7%
Balkan 24.4%
Italian 22.2%
Iberian 9.9%
Africa 8.3%
North African 8.3%
North African 8.3%
Asia 4.6%
Northern West Asian 4.6%
Cypriot 4.6%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A man buried in Romania in the Copper Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Sardinian
4.4255
2
French Corsica
5.0677
3
Belmonte Jew
5.2555
4
Italian Lazio
5.8857
5
Italian Umbria
6.1003
6
Sicilian West
6.1546
7
Italian Campania
6.5075
8
Sicilian East
6.5260
9
Italian Tuscany
6.5285
10
Italian Marche
6.5310
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Indo-European individual, Romania Glavanesti Culture of Romania 3500 BCE Glăvăneşti, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
MN AVK individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Alföld Linear Pottery Culture, Hungary 4300 BCE Polgár-Ferenci hát. M3-31, Hungary View
MN AVK individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Alföld Linear Pottery Culture, Hungary 4300 BCE Polgár-Ferenci hát. M3-31, Hungary View
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Urnfield Culture individual, Hungary Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Hungary 1700 BCE Mezőkeresztes-Cethalom. M3-10 lelőhely; Great Hungarian Plain. Borsodi-Mezőség, Hungary View
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EIA Mezocsat individual, Hungary Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Hungary 1700 BCE Mezőkeresztes-Cethalom. M3-10 lelőhely; Great Hungarian Plain. Borsodi-Mezőség, Hungary View
Scythian individual, Hungary Iron Age Scythian Culture, Hungary 400 BCE Kesznyéten-Szérűskert, Hungary View
LBA Halva individual, Hungary Late Bronze Age Halomsíros (Tumulus) Culture, Hungary 1700 BCE Hajdudorog-Szallasfold, Hungary View
MBA Fuzesabony individual, Hungary Middle Bronze Age Füzesabony Culture, Hungary 2300 BCE Polgar Kenderfold, Hungary View
LBA individual, Hungary Late Bronze Age Hungary 1500 BCE Besenyszög Berek-ér partja. Köröm-Kápolnadomb, Hungary View
IA Celt individual, Hungary The La Tene Culture in Hungary 500 BCE Besenyszög Berek-ér partja. Köröm-Kápolnadomb, Hungary View
Arctic Cultures individual, Russia Old Bering Sea Culture Ekven, Russia 970 CE Chukotka. Bering Strait. Ekven, Russia View
Ukraine N individual, Ukraine 5500 BCE Dereivka I, Ukraine View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4332 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 3765 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Chalcolithic Europe individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Chalcolithic Europe individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4224 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4229 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4240 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4235 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4239 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4235 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4233 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4157 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 3702 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Chalcolithic Europe individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur-1 individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4240 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Chalcolithic Europe individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur-2 individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania The Bodrogkeresztur Culture 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Romania C Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Romania C Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Romania C Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4500 BCE Urziceni, Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4377 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4430 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4624 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4255 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Bodrogkeresztur individual, Romania 4470 BCE Urziceni (Satu Mare County, Urziceni), Romania View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

I11906,0.10767814,0.1550182,0.00796716,-0.05080652,0.04449328,-0.02301714,-0.00561044,0.00210438,0.03380636,0.05662018,-0.00248514,0.01115088,-0.01667634,-0.01111766,-0.00945434,0.00521278,0.01090166,0.00059776,0.00067156,-0.0044228,0.00081436,0.00381148,-0.00779788,-0.01371242,0.0032656
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