A man buried in Russia in the Copper Age era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A man buried in Russia in the Copper Age era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RussiaMaikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

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AI portrait reconstruction for A man buried in Russia in the Copper Age era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Adygea Maikop Novosvobodnaya individual, Russia

Sample ID: I6272

Date Range

3318 BCE - 2934 BCE

Cultural Period

Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia

Biological Sex

Male

mtDNA Haplogroup

U1b1

Y-DNA Haplogroup

G2a2a

Social Role

Pastoralist (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Russia
Locality Klady. Dlinnaya Polyana
Coordinates 44.3850, 40.3946
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Adygea Maikop Novosvobodnaya individual, Russia 3318 BCE - 2934 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

The Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture in the North Caucasus reflects a regional variant within the broader Maikop sphere during the late fourth to early third millennium BCE. Archaeological patterns suggest continuity in key craft traditions alongside changes in how communities expressed identity in material culture.

Region & Environment

North Caucasia’s mountainous topography, river valleys, and seasonal pasture zones shaped settlement and movement. Communities needed practical access to stone sources, water, and grazing, all of which influenced where and how people lived.

Historical Context

This horizon is dated broadly to 3700–3000 BCE and is generally placed within the larger chalcolithic-to-early Bronze Age developments of the region. Maikop-Novosvobodnaya is understood through shared traits with Maikop while also showing local distinctions in the archaeological record.

Populations & Lifeways

Lifeways were likely mixed, combining herding and hunting with plant-related activities where conditions permitted. Seasonal mobility and flexible use of altitudinal zones would have supported resource access across the landscape.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Archaeological evidence is expected to include ceramics, stone-tool traditions, and copper/metal-related artifacts where preserved, paired with funerary patterns that help distinguish this horizon from earlier phases. Pottery style and technological features serve as important identifiers, alongside differences in burial assemblages.

Culture & Society

Material culture and funerary evidence point to social differentiation and structured community participation in craft and burial traditions. Shared regional conventions imply networks of interaction, while local variability suggests that cultural identity was negotiated within specific landscapes.

Legacy & Transition

As this horizon ended around 3000 BCE, the North Caucasus entered new Bronze Age phases with different artifact and burial patterns. Maikop-Novosvobodnaya therefore helps explain how earlier chalcolithic traditions were carried forward and modified during a period of broad regional change.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Asia 95.8%
Northern West Asian 81.5%
Caucasian 46.9%
Mesopotamian 33.5%
Cypriot 1.0%
Arab, Egyptian & Levantine 13.9%
Levantine 13.9%
Europe 4.2%
Southern European 4.2%
Italian 4.2%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A man buried in Russia in the Copper Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Abkhasian
2.1061
2
Georgian Svaneti
2.3911
3
Abkhasian Gudauta
2.8807
4
Georgian Lechkhumi
3.0181
5
Georgian Megr
3.2122
6
Ossetian
3.2355
7
Georgian Imer
3.5223
8
Georgian West
3.5289
9
Georgian Khevs
3.5761
10
Georgian Ratcha
3.6814
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

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Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Adygea Maikop Novosvobodnaya individual, Russia Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3504 BCE Klady. Dlinnaya Polyana, Russia View
Adygea Maikop Novosvobodnaya individual, Russia Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3625 BCE Klady. Dlinnaya Polyana, Russia View
Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3516 BCE Klady. Dlinnaya Polyana, Russia View
Adygea Maikop Novosvobodnaya individual, Russia Maikop-Novosvobodnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3318 BCE Klady. Dlinnaya Polyana, Russia View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

I6272,0.10582218,0.1099165,-0.05204126,-0.03719628,-0.04657804,-0.00853616,0.01102194,-0.00542354,-0.0601657,-0.02677702,-0.003641,0.0073364,-0.01849582,0.00586678,0.00857614,-0.01779636,0.01783218,-0.00668024,-0.00889756,0.01525296,0.01191836,-0.000494,0.00769338,-0.00910276,-0.00534663
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