A man buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A man buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RussiaMiddle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A man buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Caucasus MBA individual, Russia

Sample ID: KDC001

Date Range

1950 BCE - 1778 BCE

Cultural Period

Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia

Biological Sex

Male

mtDNA Haplogroup

X2i3

Y-DNA Haplogroup

J-L283

Social Role

Pastoralist (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Russia
Locality Piedmont/mountains. Kudachurt
Coordinates 43.3540, 43.7219
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Caucasus MBA individual, Russia 1950 BCE - 1778 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Region & Environment

The North Caucasus spans mountain ridges, foothills, and river corridors between the Black Sea and the Caspian basin. Winters could be harsh at higher elevations, while lower valleys supported more reliable settlement and farming pockets.

Historical Context

Between roughly the 3rd and early 2nd millennium BCE, Bronze Age life across the Caucasus involved increased use of copper/tin alloys and more visible material traditions. In the Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, archaeological sequences show regional developments in burial practice alongside broader exchange and technological familiarity.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations were organized in local communities that combined herding with foraging and agriculture in suitable areas. Lifeways were likely seasonally flexible, with people exploiting upland and lowland resources across the year.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Key evidence for this period comes from settlement remains where available and, importantly, from mortuary assemblages. Typical finds include ceramics made in local styles, stone and bone tools, and metal items or metalwork-related debris. Burial customs are central to distinguishing Middle Bronze Age phases in the region.

Culture & Society

Material patterns suggest social differentiation expressed through burial treatment and the selection of grave goods, though the scale and nature of inequality cannot be precisely measured from current evidence alone. Cultural identities appear to be regionally grounded, with shared Bronze Age traits that also indicate contact among communities.

Legacy & Transition

By the later Bronze Age, the North Caucasus sequence continues into subsequent phases with shifts in burial forms and material traditions. These changes mark a transition in how communities organized status, technology, and regional ties as the Bronze Age world moved toward later periods.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Asia 100.0%
Northern West Asian 99.4%
Mesopotamian 56.2%
Caucasian 40.7%
Anatolian 2.5%
Central Asian, Northern Indian & Pakistani 0.6%
Indian 0.6%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A man buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Abkhasian
1.9702
2
Georgian Svaneti
2.1395
3
Abkhasian Gudauta
2.7243
4
Georgian Megr
2.9477
5
Georgian Lechkhumi
3.0848
6
Georgian West
3.3006
7
Ossetian
3.3246
8
Georgian Imer
3.3805
9
Georgian Ratcha
3.5190
10
Georgian Ajar
3.7125
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
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MBA Caucasus individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 2192 BCE North Caucasus mountains. Kabardinka, Russia View
Caucasus MBA individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 1950 BCE Piedmont/mountains. Kudachurt, Russia View
MBA Caucasus individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 1900 BCE Piedmont/mountains. Kudachurt, Russia View
Caucasus MBA individual, Russia North Caucasus Culture, Russia 2866 BCE Piedmont. Lysogarskaya, Russia View
Catacomb Steppe individual, Russia Catacomb Culture, Russian Steppe 2580 BCE Piedmont. Mar'inskaja 3, Russia View
Late Maikop Caucasus individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3400 BCE Piedmont. Mar'inskaja 5, Russia View
Late Maikop Caucasus individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3400 BCE Piedmont. Mar'inskaja 5, Russia View
Late Maikop Caucasus individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3369 BCE Piedmont. Mar'inskaja 5, Russia View
Caucasus MBA individual, Russia North Caucasus Culture, Russia 2879 BCE Piedmont. Mar'inskaja 5, Russia View
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Caucasus Maikop individual, Russia Maikop Culture, Caucasus, Russia 3704 BCE Piedmont. Ossetia, Russia View
Eneolithic Steppe individual, Russia Eneolithic Russian Steppe 4994 BCE Piedmont. Progress 2, Russia View
EBA North Caucasus individual, Russia North Caucasus Culture, Russia 2476 BCE Piedmont. Progress 2, Russia View
Stavropol Krai Eneolithic Steppe individual, Russia Eneolithic Russian Steppe 4240 BCE Piedmont. Progress 2, Russia View
EBA Caucasus Yamnaya individual, Russia Early Bronze Age Yamnaya Culture, Caucasus, Russia 2881 BCE Kuban steppe. Rasshevatskij 1, Russia View
Stavropol Krai Caucasus EBA individual, Russia North Caucasus Culture, Russia 2899 BCE Kuban steppe. Rasshevatskij 1, Russia View
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Catacomb Steppe individual, Russia Catacomb Culture, Russian Steppe 2451 BCE Kuban steppe. Rasshevatskij 4, Russia View
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Stavropol Krai EBA-o individual, Russia Russian Yamnaya 2886 BCE Kaspi steppe. Šarachalsun 6, Russia View
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Proto-Indo-European individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Russia 3350 BCE Sinjucha. Kuban steppe, Russia View
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Stavropol Krai Eneolithic Steppe individual, Russia Eneolithic Russian Steppe 4337 BCE Piedmont. Vonjucka 1, Russia View
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Late Maikop individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Russia 3349 BCE Sinyukha (Republic of Adygea, Krasnogvardeysky District), Russia View
Late Maikop individual, Russia Late Maikop Culture, Russia 3350 BCE Sinyukha (Republic of Adygea, Krasnogvardeysky District), Russia View
Kura Araxes individual, Armenia 3356 BCE South Caucasus mountains. Kaps, Armenia View
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Yamnaya individual, Russia 2877 BCE Goryachevadskiy, Russia View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
MBA Caucasus individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 2197 BCE North Caucasus mountains. Kabardinka, Russia View
MBA Caucasus individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 2192 BCE North Caucasus mountains. Kabardinka, Russia View
Caucasus MBA individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 1950 BCE Piedmont/mountains. Kudachurt, Russia View
MBA Caucasus individual, Russia Middle Bronze Age North Caucasus, Russia 1900 BCE Piedmont/mountains. Kudachurt, Russia View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

KDC001,0.10704472,0.11200428,-0.0501348,-0.03902134,-0.04643972,-0.00911452,0.01167816,-0.00557394,-0.0637343,-0.02786978,-0.00367878,0.00808356,-0.0201289,0.00605328,0.00892506,-0.01916872,0.01925812,-0.00705632,-0.00976778,0.01678592,0.01224378,-0.00070356,0.00735508,-0.00970576,-0.00573822
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