A woman buried in Russia in the Late Neolithic era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A woman buried in Russia in the Late Neolithic era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RussiaEneolithic Caucasus, Russia

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A woman buried in Russia in the Late Neolithic era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Adygea Eneolithic individual, Russia

Sample ID: I1722

Date Range

4539 BCE - 4367 BCE

Cultural Period

Eneolithic Caucasus, Russia

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

R1a

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Pastoralist (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Russia
Locality Unakozovskaya
Coordinates 44.4513, 40.1029
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Adygea Eneolithic individual, Russia 4539 BCE - 4367 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

The Eneolithic period in the North Caucasus falls within a regional phase where copper working and changing ceramic traditions became more visible alongside established stone-tool economies. The archaeological record reflects gradual intensification and localized variation across valleys and upland zones.

Region & Environment

The North Caucasus offers steep uplands, fertile lower reaches, and river networks that supported travel and resource access. Differences in altitude would have encouraged seasonal strategies, shifting activities between grazing areas and more productive valley landscapes.

Historical Context

In the Eneolithic, copper use—often in limited or selective ways—coexisted with predominantly stone-based technologies. This period represents a bridge between Neolithic lifeways and later Bronze Age regionalization, with increased attention to craft production and long-distance connections that are visible in artifact styles.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations likely engaged in mixed subsistence, combining herding and hunting with plant processing and cultivation where conditions allowed. Settlement use probably included both longer-term occupation and shorter-lived sites connected to seasonal routines and resource availability.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Chalcolithic horizons in the North Caucasus are often recognized through distinctive pottery traditions and the presence of copper items or copper-working traces. Assemblages also show varied stone tools and woodworking-related implements, reflecting everyday production needs.

Culture & Society

Social organization is typically inferred from the consistency of ceramic styles and the distribution of key artifact types. Differences between micro-regions suggest that communities maintained local traditions while participating in broader chalcolithic cultural frameworks.

Legacy & Transition

The Eneolithic set the stage for subsequent Bronze Age transformations by expanding metallurgical knowledge and reinforcing patterned ceramic and tool traditions. Over time, these developments contributed to later shifts in burial practices, interregional contact, and the organization of craft and exchange.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Asia 99.0%
Northern West Asian 99.0%
Mesopotamian 53.5%
Caucasian 41.8%
Cypriot 3.7%
Africa 1.0%
North African 1.0%
Egyptian 1.0%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in Russia in the Late Neolithic era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Abkhasian
1.9491
2
Georgian Svaneti
2.1297
3
Abkhasian Gudauta
2.7255
4
Georgian Megr
2.9313
5
Georgian Lechkhumi
3.0745
6
Georgian West
3.2848
7
Ossetian
3.3248
8
Georgian Imer
3.3625
9
Georgian Ratcha
3.5103
10
Georgian Ajar
3.6945
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

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Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Adygea Eneolithic individual, Russia Eneolithic Caucasus, Russia 4539 BCE Unakozovskaya, Russia View
Adygea Eneolithic individual, Russia Eneolithic Caucasus, Russia 4676 BCE Unakozovskaya, Russia View
Adygea Eneolithic individual, Russia Eneolithic Caucasus, Russia 4607 BCE Unakozovskaya, Russia View
Caucasus Eneolithic individual, Russia 4898 BCE Nalchik (Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Nalchik Municipality), Russia View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

I1722,0.1069765,0.11208354,-0.05011662,-0.0392035,-0.04632902,-0.00902092,0.011664,-0.00541602,-0.06354284,-0.02771672,-0.0036339,0.00793158,-0.0201958,0.0061623,0.00903252,-0.01938502,0.0191188,-0.00702356,-0.00957626,0.01698848,0.01211958,-0.00060198,0.00745204,-0.00974914,-0.00576984
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