A man buried in Russia in the Hunter-Gatherer era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A man buried in Russia in the Hunter-Gatherer era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RussiaHunter-Gatherer Russia

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

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AI portrait reconstruction for A man buried in Russia in the Hunter-Gatherer era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Circumpolar Cultures individual, Russia

Sample ID: I0963

Date Range

6000 BCE - 4000 BCE

Cultural Period

Hunter-Gatherer Russia

Biological Sex

Male

mtDNA Haplogroup

Not available

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Hunter (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Russia
Locality Archangelsk. Popovo
Coordinates 61.2643, 38.9052
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Circumpolar Cultures individual, Russia 6000 BCE - 4000 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Overview

“Hunter-Gatherer Russia” encompasses late Pleistocene and early-to-mid Holocene hunter-gatherer lifeways dated broadly from about 10,000 to 5,000 BCE. This long span includes multiple regional adaptations, so the archaeological record varies widely across Russia’s ecological zones.

Region & Environment

During this time, Russia experienced major climatic shifts associated with the transition from glacial conditions toward a more stable Holocene climate. Landscapes ranged from tundra and forest to river valleys and lake systems, creating different seasonal resource opportunities and mobility strategies.

Historical Context

This period precedes widespread agriculture in most of Russia. As the Holocene developed, changes in vegetation and water availability altered hunting and fishing practices, settlement duration, and the distribution of lithic technologies and site types.

Populations & Lifeways

Hunter-gatherer populations practiced mobile to semi-mobile strategies, moving with seasonal cycles. Diet likely combined hunted game, fish and aquatic foods where accessible, and gathered plant resources. The organization of work—production, maintenance of tools and hunting gear, and shelter construction—would have been closely tied to periodic resource abundance.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Material culture is typically dominated by stone tools suited to cutting, scraping, and processing activities. In many regions, bone/antler tools may appear where preservation is favorable. Settlement evidence includes activity areas and temporary camps; long-term occupation sites occur in certain ecologically rich locations, especially near water.

Culture & Society

Archaeological “cultures” for hunter-gatherer periods often reflect shared tool traditions and regional preferences rather than centralized political structures. Social networks likely extended across ecological boundaries, as suggested by similarities in technologies and by the movement of raw materials in some sequences.

Legacy & Transition

By the later 6th–5th millennium BCE in many parts of the wider region, new lifeways and technologies became more common as agriculture and associated material traditions spread unevenly. The earlier hunter-gatherer record is essential for understanding how local ecological knowledge and subsistence practices shaped later transitions.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 89.2%
Eastern European 55.5%
Eastern European 55.5%
Northwestern European 33.8%
Finnish 18.0%
Scandinavian 9.5%
English 3.2%
Northwestern European 3.1%
America 10.8%
America 10.8%
Native American 10.8%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A man buried in Russia in the Hunter-Gatherer era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Komi A
3.5192
2
Russian Leshukonsky
3.5787
3
Tatar Mishar
3.8541
4
Russian Pinezhsky
4.5139
5
Russian Pinega
4.5403
6
Russian Krasnoborsky
5.0306
7
Vepsian
5.1469
8
Finnish North
5.4427
9
Karelian
5.4495
10
Mordovian
5.4513
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Circumpolar Cultures individual, Russia Hunter-Gatherer Russia 6000 BCE Archangelsk. Popovo, Russia View
EMN Narva-o individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 5500 BCE Donkalnis, Lithuania View
Mesolithic individual, Lithuania Mesolithic Lithuania 5991 BCE Donkalnis, Lithuania View
EMN Narva individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 4718 BCE Donkalnis, Lithuania View
EMN Narva individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 5374 BCE Donkalnis, Lithuania View
EMN Narva individual, Estonia Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Estonia 4776 BCE Kivisaare, Estonia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 796 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 719 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
Baltic individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 407 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 720 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 787 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 788 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 758 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 745 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 799 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
LBA Flat Graves individual, Latvia Bronze Age Latvia 809 BCE Kivutkalns, Latvia View
EMN Narva individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 4453 BCE Kretuonas 1B, Lithuania View
European Hunter-Gatherers individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 5500 BCE Kretuonas 1B, Lithuania View
EMN Narva individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 5500 BCE Kretuonas 1B, Lithuania View
MN individual, Sweden Middle Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture, Sweden 3945 BCE Kvärlöv. Saxtorp. Skåne, Sweden View
Mesolithic individual, Sweden Hunter-Gatherer Motala, Sweden 5724 BCE Motala. Kanaljorden, Sweden View
LN EBA individual, Sweden Late Neolithic to Bronze Age Sweden 2573 BCE Ölsund. Hälsingland, Sweden View
LN individual, Lithuania Late Neolithic Lithuania 2861 BCE Plinkaigalis, Lithuania View
LN individual, Lithuania Late Neolithic Lithuania 3264 BCE Plinkaigalis, Lithuania View
Arkhangelsk Mesolithic individual, Russia Hunter-Gatherer Popovo, Russia 7500 BCE Popovo. Archangelsk, Russia View
EMN individual, Lithuania Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Lithuania 4442 BCE Spiginas, Lithuania View
LN individual, Lithuania Late Neolithic Lithuania 2132 BCE Spiginas, Lithuania View
Middle Mesolithic individual, Lithuania Mesolithic Lithuania 6442 BCE Spiginas, Lithuania View
MN-1 individual, Estonia Middle Neolithic Comb Ceramic Culture 1, Estonia 3621 BCE Tamula, Estonia View
MN-2 individual, Estonia Middle Neolithic Comb Ceramic Culture 2, Estonia 3796 BCE Tamula, Estonia View
LBA individual, Lithuania Bronze Age Lithuania 1257 BCE Turlojiškė, Lithuania View
LBA individual, Lithuania Bronze Age Lithuania 928 BCE Turlojiškė, Lithuania View
LBA individual, Lithuania Bronze Age Lithuania 1015 BCE Turlojiškė, Lithuania View
LBA individual, Lithuania Bronze Age Lithuania 2100 BCE Turlojiškė, Lithuania View
Circumpolar Cultures individual, Russia Eastern Hunter-Gatherer, Russia 5500 BCE Yuzhnyy Oleni Ostrov. Karelia, Russia View
EMN Narva individual, Estonia Early to Middle Neolithic Narva Culture, Estonia 4895 BCE Veibri, Estonia View
Indo-European individual, Lithuania Late Neolithic Lithuania 2620 BCE Gyvakarai, Lithuania View
Karelia Mesolithic individual, Russia Yuzhny Oleny Ostrov Culture 5500 BCE Yuzhny Oleniy Ostrov (Republic of Karelia, Medvezhyegorsky District, Velikaya Guba Village), Russia View
Baltic Emn individual, Lithuania 5500 BCE Kretuonas 1B, Lithuania View
Baltic Ln individual, Estonia 2575 BCE Kursi. Jõgeva, Estonia View
Baltic Ln individual, Lithuania 2620 BCE Gyvakarai, Lithuania View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Circumpolar Cultures individual, Russia Hunter-Gatherer Russia 6000 BCE Archangelsk. Popovo, Russia View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

I0963,0.11964814,0.0479991,0.08065434,0.06584976,0.00938838,0.01560604,0.00203156,0.00558962,-0.00497796,-0.02958938,0.00909768,-0.00840086,0.01349744,-0.003057,-0.00883056,-0.0117469,-0.01040774,-0.00281924,-0.0081816,-0.00945652,-0.00049084,0.00408062,-0.0157057,0.0066333,-0.00345594
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