A woman buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era

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Reference library / Sample profile

A woman buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

RussiaMiddle Bronze Poltavka

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A woman buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia

Sample ID: I0418

Date Range

2131 BCE - 1767 BCE

Cultural Period

Middle Bronze Poltavka

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

T1a1

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Pastoralist (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country Russia
Locality Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Utyevka VI
Coordinates 52.9128, 50.9906
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia 2131 BCE - 1767 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Poltavka culture is a Middle Bronze Age horizon in the Volga Region dated roughly to 2700–2100 BCE. It represents steppe-influenced communities whose lifeways and material culture indicate pastoral mobility, craft production, and shared connections across the Eurasian steppe world.

Region & Environment

The Volga Region combines riverine corridors and steppe or steppe-adjacent zones that offered grazing and routes for movement. Access to water and pasture would have been key determinants for where communities settled or traveled during different seasons.

Historical Context

Poltavka belongs to the Middle Bronze Age sequence within the broader Steppe Bronze Age. It is frequently discussed alongside wider steppe cultural dynamics, where regional traditions interacted through exchange and movement rather than through stable centralized political structures.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations were likely pastoralists whose economic cycle depended on managing herds and moving between resource zones. Household production and craft work would have supported mobility, while burial practices suggest social norms and community identity.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Archaeological identification emphasizes diagnostic ceramics and features associated with the Poltavka cultural label. Bronze and other craft items—along with burial-associated goods—indicate participation in steppe metal traditions. Patterns in artifact forms and grave contents help distinguish Poltavka from neighboring Bronze Age cultures.

Culture & Society

Society can be inferred from consistent aspects of material and mortuary practice. Recurring combinations of pottery styles and burial goods suggest shared cultural conventions, while regional differences reflect local social organization and differing community histories.

Legacy & Transition

After about 2100 BCE, the Middle Bronze Age horizon gives way to later developments in the Volga-steppe transition. The Poltavka phase contributes to understanding how steppe pastoral lifeways and Bronze Age craft traditions transformed over time through changing regional interactions.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Europe 71.3%
Northwestern European 47.6%
English 19.3%
Finnish 16.6%
Scandinavian 11.6%
Eastern European 23.7%
Eastern European 23.7%
Asia 26.9%
Central Asian, Northern Indian & Pakistani 16.5%
Pakistan 16.5%
Northern West Asian 10.4%
Caucasian 10.4%
America 1.8%
America 1.8%
Native American 1.8%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in Russia in the Middle Bronze Age era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Tatar Mishar
5.2846
2
Moksha
5.3682
3
Mordovian
5.4681
4
Erzya
5.5706
5
Russian Kostroma
6.0662
6
Russian Krasnoborsky
6.2487
7
Moldovan O
6.7495
8
Russian Ryazan
6.7688
9
Finnish Central
6.9015
10
Cossack Kuban
7.0434
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
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Esperstedt Corded Ware individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2500 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Esperstedt Corded Ware individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2500 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Esperstedt Corded Ware individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2630 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Esperstedt Corded Ware individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2461 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Esperstedt Corded Ware-o individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2500 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
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Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6420 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6400 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6419 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6224 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6387 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6070 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6225 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6223 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
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N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6500 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
European Neolithic individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Alföld Linear Pottery Culture Bükk Group, Hungary 5286 BCE Garadna, Hungary View
Indo-European individual, Hungary Early Bronze Age Makó Culture, Hungary 2195 BCE Kompolt-Kigyoser, Hungary View
European Chalcolithic individual, Hungary Late Chalcolithic Baden Culture, Hungary 3320 BCE Apc-Berekalya I, Hungary View
European Neolithic individual, Hungary Late Neolithic Lengyel Culture, Hungary 4496 BCE Apc-Berekalya I, Hungary View
European Neolithic individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Alföld Linear Pottery Culture, Hungary 5297 BCE Debrecen Tocopart Erdoalja, Hungary View
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European Neolithic individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Linear Pottery Culture, Hungary 5211 BCE Apc-Berekalya I, Hungary View
European Neolithic individual, Hungary Middle Neolithic Alföld Linear Pottery Culture, Hungary 5210 BCE Polgár-Ferenci hát. M3-31, Hungary View
Iberian Chalcolithic individual, Spain Chalcolithic Spain 2900 BCE Burgos. Atapuerca. El Mirador Cave, Spain View
Iberian Chalcolithic individual, Spain Chalcolithic Spain 2900 BCE Burgos. Atapuerca. El Mirador Cave, Spain View
Benzingerode Heimburg Bell Beaker individual, Germany Bell Beaker Culture, Germany 2500 BCE Benzingerode-Heimburg, Germany View
MLN individual, Spain Middle to Late Neolithic Spain 3900 BCE La Mina, Spain View
Viesenhaeuser Hof EN LBK individual, Germany Early Neolithic Linear Pottery Culture, Germany 5500 BCE Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart-Mühlhausen. Viesenhaeuser Hof, Germany View
Scythian individual, Russia Questionable Iron Age Scythian, Russia 385 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Volga Steppes. Nadezhdinka, Russia View
Samara LBA Srubnaya individual, Russia Srubnaya Culture 1850 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Barinovka I, Russia View
Samara EBA Yamnaya individual, Russia Early Bronze Samara Yamnaya 3300 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Lopatino II, Russia View
N individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6400 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Indo-European individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2617 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Linear Pottery Culture individual, Germany Middle Neolithic Esperstedt, Germany 3363 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Iberian Neolithic individual, Spain Middle to Late Neolithic Spain 3895 BCE La Mina, Spain View
Western European Neolithic individual, Spain Early Neolithic Spain 5309 BCE Els Trocs, Spain View
Unterwiederstedt EN LBK individual, Germany Early Neolithic Linear Pottery Culture, Germany 5216 BCE Unterwiederstedt, Germany View
Esperstedt Corded Ware individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2563 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
European Bronze Age individual, Germany Early Bronze Age Unetice Culture, Germany 2137 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
European Neolithic individual, Germany Late Neolithic Alberstedt, Germany 2469 BCE Alberstedt, Germany View
MLN individual, Spain Middle to Late Neolithic Spain 3900 BCE La Mina, Spain View
Western European Neolithic individual, Spain Early Neolithic Spain 5298 BCE Els Trocs, Spain View
EN individual, Spain Early Neolithic Spain 5304 BCE Els Trocs, Spain View
Samara LBA Srubnaya individual, Russia Srubnaya Culture 1850 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara Steppes. Rozhdestveno I, Russia View
Chelyabinsk MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2800 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Nikolaevka III, Russia View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6424 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Iberian Chalcolithic individual, Spain Chalcolithic Spain 2900 BCE Burgos. Atapuerca. El Mirador Cave, Spain View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2887 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Lopatino II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2871 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Grachevka, Russia View
Indo-European individual, Russia Early Bronze Samara Yamnaya 3020 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Luzkhi I, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2131 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Utyevka VI, Russia View
Central European individual, Germany Late Bronze Age Halberstadt, Germany 1202 BCE Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld, Germany View
European Bronze Age individual, Germany Early Bronze Age Unetice Culture, Germany 2116 BCE Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld, Germany View
Indo-European individual, Germany Corded Ware Culture, Germany 2500 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
European Bronze Age individual, Germany Bell Beaker Culture, Germany 2404 BCE Rothenschirmbach, Germany View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6008 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6400 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6400 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6381 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6386 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6217 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6221 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolian Neolithic individual, Turkey Neolithic Turkey 6228 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Iberia Ca individual, Spain 2900 BCE Burgos. Atapuerca. El Mirador Cave, Spain View
Poltavka individual, Russia 2887 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Lopatino II, Russia View
Potapovka individual, Russia 2131 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Utyevka VI, Russia View
Yamnaya individual, Russia 3020 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Luzkhi I, Russia View
Iberia Hg individual, Spain 5982 BCE Leon. La Brana-Arintero, Spain View
Corded Ware individual, Germany 2500 BCE Esperstedt, Germany View
Balkans Lba individual, Hungary 987 BCE Ludas-Varjú dűlő, Hungary View
Ceu Lba individual, Germany 1202 BCE Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld, Germany View
Unetice individual, Germany 2116 BCE Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld, Germany View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6221 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6386 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6381 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6217 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6424 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6400 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6400 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6228 BCE Northwest Anatolia. Marmara. Barcın, Turkey View
Anatolia N individual, Turkey 6008 BCE Menteşe, Turkey View
Poltavka individual, Russia 2871 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Grachevka, Russia View
Bell Beaker individual, Germany 2404 BCE Rothenschirmbach, Germany View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Samara MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2867 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Kutuluk River. Kutuluk III, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2925 BCE Samara Oblast. Sok River. Potapovka I, Russia View
Samara MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2800 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Bolshoi Irgiz River. Zhuravlikha I, Russia View
Samara MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2877 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Grachevka, Russia View
Samara MBA Poltavka-2 individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2885 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Bobrovka, Russia View
Chelyabinsk MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2500 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Nikolaevka Kurgan, Russia View
Chelyabinsk MBA Poltavka individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2800 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Nikolaevka III, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2887 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Lopatino II, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2871 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Sok River. Grachevka, Russia View
Eurasian Steppe individual, Russia Middle Bronze Poltavka 2131 BCE Samara Oblast. Volga River Valley. Samara River. Utyevka VI, Russia View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

I0418,0.11852924,0.07736516,0.04133096,0.05279906,0.00170012,0.02041698,0.00959642,0.0096469,-0.0135603,-0.02665702,0.00165786,-0.00177002,0.00680606,-0.00464656,0.00101294,-0.0037868,-0.00736022,-0.00149892,-0.0044023,-0.00623944,0.00074452,0.00230108,-0.0061316,0.00735176,-0.00246212
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