mtDNA Haplogroups
maternal lineage haplogroups passed from mother to all children
2,644 Haplogroups
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S5
S5
Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, particularly among indigenous populations in Papua New Guinea and surrounding regions. Haplogroup S is primarily associated with Austronesian-speaking groups in the Pacific
~20,000 years ago
0 subclades
T
T
The Near East, with significant dispersal into Europe and parts of Central Asia
~27,000 years ago
2 subclades
T1
T1
Near East, with significant dispersal into Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia. It is a subclade of haplogroup T, which is associated with populations in these regions.
~10,000 years ago
3 subclades
| Code | Name | Origin | Time | Subclades | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S2A1 | S2A1 | New Guinea / Sahul | ~12,000 years ago | 1 | |
| S2A1A | S2A1A | New Guinea / Sahul | ~9,000 years ago | 0 | |
| S5 | S5 | Island Southeast Asia and Oceania, particularly among indigenous populations in Papua New Guinea and surrounding regions. Haplogroup S is primarily associated with Austronesian-speaking groups in the Pacific | ~20,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T | T | The Near East, with significant dispersal into Europe and parts of Central Asia | ~27,000 years ago | 2 | |
| T1 | T1 | Near East, with significant dispersal into Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia. It is a subclade of haplogroup T, which is associated with populations in these regions. | ~10,000 years ago | 3 | |
| T1A | T1A | Near East | ~9,000 years ago | 7 | |
| T1A1 | T1A1 | Near East | ~7,000 years ago | 10 | |
| T1A1A | T1A1A | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~5,000 years ago | 2 | |
| T1A1A1 | T1A1A1 | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1AE | T1A1AE | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1B | T1A1B | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~4,000 years ago | 1 | |
| T1A1B1 | T1A1B1 | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1C | T1A1C | Near East | ~6,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1D | T1A1D | Near East | ~5,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1J | T1A1J | Near East | ~6,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1L | T1A1L | Near East | ~5,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1N | T1A1N | Near East | ~6,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A1Q | T1A1Q | Near East / Eastern Mediterranean | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| T1A2 | T1A2 | Near East | ~7,000 years ago | 4 | |
| T1A2A | T1A2A | Near East | ~6,000 years ago | 0 |