mtDNA Haplogroups
maternal lineage haplogroups passed from mother to all children
2,644 Haplogroups
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Y
Y
Southeast Asia, particularly found among populations in the Philippines and surrounding regions
~11,000 years ago
2 subclades
Z
Z
Central and Northeast Asia, with spread into Siberia and parts of Northern Europe
~25,000 years ago
3 subclades
Z1
Z1
Northeast Asia, particularly among populations in Siberia and Central Asia. It is also found in some Northern European populations, reflecting ancient migrations across these regions.
~20,000 years ago
1 subclades
| Code | Name | Origin | Time | Subclades | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X2M2 | X2M2 | Near East / Caucasus | ~6,000 years ago | 0 | |
| X2N | X2N | Near East / Anatolia | ~9,000 years ago | 0 | |
| X2P | X2P | Near East / Caucasus | ~8,000 years ago | 0 | |
| X4 | X4 | Near East / Caucasus | ~9,000 years ago | 0 | |
| Y | Y | Southeast Asia, particularly found among populations in the Philippines and surrounding regions | ~11,000 years ago | 2 | |
| Y1 | Y1 | Northeast Asia / Far East Siberia | ~8,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Y1A | Y1A | Northeast Asia / Far East Siberia | ~6,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Y1A1 | Y1A1 | Northeast Asia / Far East Siberia | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| Y2 | Y2 | Southeast Asia (Island Southeast Asia / Philippines region) | ~9,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Y2A | Y2A | Island Southeast Asia (Philippines region) | ~6,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Y2A1 | Y2A1 | Island Southeast Asia (Philippines region) | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| Z | Z | Central and Northeast Asia, with spread into Siberia and parts of Northern Europe | ~25,000 years ago | 3 | |
| Z1 | Z1 | Northeast Asia, particularly among populations in Siberia and Central Asia. It is also found in some Northern European populations, reflecting ancient migrations across these regions. | ~20,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Z1A | Z1A | Northeast Asia / Siberia | ~12,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Z1A1 | Z1A1 | Northeast Asia / Siberia | ~9,000 years ago | 2 | |
| Z1A1A | Z1A1A | Northeast Asia / Siberia | ~6,000 years ago | 0 | |
| Z1A1B | Z1A1B | Northeast Asia / Siberia | ~4,000 years ago | 0 | |
| Z3 | Z3 | Central and Northeast Asia | ~12,000 years ago | 2 | |
| Z3A | Z3A | Central and Northeast Asia | ~8,000 years ago | 1 | |
| Z3A1 | Z3A1 | Central/Northeast Asia | ~4,000 years ago | 1 |