A woman buried in China in the era

Download PDF creates a visual, rasterized copy. Use Print for selectable text and better assistive-technology support.

Loading Report

Preparing your ancestry journey

Preparing the available report content...

Your report will open automatically.

Skip to main content
Reference library / Sample profile

A woman buried in China in the era

Explore the recorded context, genetic comparisons and research behind this reference sample.

ChinaThe Neolithic Period

A reference profile describes this sample. It does not establish a personal or family relationship.

View sample details Explore Shared Roots
AI portrait reconstruction for A woman buried in China in the era
AI-generated artistic reconstruction, not a photograph of the individual.
Record

Sample details

Recorded details and available lineage markers.

Individual

Neolithic individual, China

Sample ID: NE16

Date Range

6690 BCE - 6505 BCE

Cultural Period

The Neolithic Period

Biological Sex

Female

mtDNA Haplogroup

Not available

Y-DNA Haplogroup

Not available

Social Role

Farmer (AI estimate, era-typical)

Geography

Location

Where this individual was discovered

Country China
Locality Amur River Basin
Coordinates 45.9600, 125.7800
Chronology

Date range

When this individual lived in the broader context of human history

Neolithic individual, China 6690 BCE - 6505 BCE
Context

Historical context

Background information associated with the reference record.

Overview

The Neolithic Period refers to the long transition to food production and more settled lifeways. In many regions, it is characterized by increasing use of domesticated plants and animals, new forms of pottery and stone-working, and the growth of permanent or semi-permanent settlements.

Region & Environment

Neolithic developments occurred in different places and at different speeds, influenced by local climates and ecosystems. Where environments supported reliable rainfall, river valleys, steppe margins, or coastal resources, farming and herding could expand alongside continued hunting and gathering.

Historical Context

The Neolithic is not a single event but a sequence of changes. Communities gradually adopted cultivation practices and managed herds, while exchanging useful materials and knowledge through regional contacts.

Populations & Lifeways

Populations increasingly organized daily life around fields, herding, and domestic production. Settlement patterns often show larger, longer-lasting villages than those typical of earlier foraging societies, with new routines for food processing (grinding, storage, cooking) and for maintaining animals.

Archaeology & Material Culture

Archaeologically, the Neolithic is commonly identified through:

  • Polished or ground stone tools (for woodworking, plant processing, and tasks beyond earlier flaking technologies)
  • Pottery in many regions, useful for cooking and storage
  • Evidence for grinding stones and other food-processing equipment
  • Architectural remains such as house floors and pits, where preserved
  • Faunal and botanical indications of domesticated species

Culture & Society

Social life likely became more structured as households managed land use, storage, and animal husbandry. Greater sedentism and surplus production could support specialist crafts and more complex community networks, though the pace and extent of these changes varied widely.

Legacy & Transition

The Neolithic laid foundations for later agricultural economies and for subsequent phases involving metals and more centralized authorities in some areas. Over time, many regions experienced region-specific transitions rather than uniform “end dates,” blending older traditions with new technologies.

Analysis

Genetic comparisons

These comparisons show genetic similarity, not identity or origin. The populations listed are those whose genomes show statistical alignment to this ancient individual.

Similarity reflects shared history, not shared identity. These are analytical comparisons, not claims about who this person was.

Modern Genetic Admixture

This analysis compares the DNA profile with present-day reference populations, showing statistical similarity to modern reference populations from different regions. The excavation site records where this individual was found, not a fixed modern genetic identity.

Asia 97.6%
Northern Asian 57.4%
Siberian 28.8%
Mongolian 28.6%
Japanese & Korean 38.4%
Japanese 38.4%
Chinese & Southeast Asian 1.7%
Chinese 1.7%
America 1.8%
America 1.8%
Native American 1.8%

Closest Modern Populations

These are the modern populations showing the closest statistical alignment to A woman buried in China in the era, ranked by genetic distance. Lower distance values indicate closer statistical similarity. Cross-region similarity can reflect shared ancestry, population movement, continuity, or later admixture.

1
Oroqen
2.6119
2
Nanai
3.1736
3
Ulchi
3.4632
Context

Related Samples

This individual exists within a broader network of ancient samples. No ancient genome stands alone.

Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Amur River Basin Mesolithic individual, China Mesolithic China 9243 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Amur River Basin N individual, China Early Neolithic China 8175 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Amur River Basin N individual, China Early Neolithic China 7172 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Amur River Basin N individual, China Neolithic China 5471 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Bronze Age China 1510 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Neolithic individual, China Early Neolithic China 7458 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Neolithic individual, China Early Neolithic China 7456 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Paleolithic individual, China Late Paleolithic China 17605 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Paleolithic individual, China Late Paleolithic China 12896 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Paleolithic individual, China Late Paleolithic China 12371 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Paleolithic individual, China Late Paleolithic China 10774 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian individual, China Mesolithic China 8782 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian individual, China Mesolithic China 8740 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian individual, China Mesolithic China 9442 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian individual, China Mesolithic China 8810 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 4448 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 4999 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 5210 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 6375 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 4445 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 6690 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 6465 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 4990 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Ancient Chinese Civilization individual, China Neolithic China 5210 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
East Asian Paleolithic individual, China Paleolithic China 32159 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Palaeolithic individual, China 32159 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East Hg individual, China 17605 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East Hg individual, China 12896 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Late Paleolithic individual, China 12371 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Late Paleolithic individual, China 10774 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Mesolithic individual, China 9442 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East En individual, China 8810 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Mesolithic individual, China 8782 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Mesolithic individual, China 8740 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East En individual, China 7458 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East En individual, China 7456 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Neolithic individual, China 6690 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East En individual, China 6465 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East En individual, China 6375 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East Mn individual, China 5210 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East Mn individual, China 4999 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Asia East Ba individual, China 1510 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Amur River Basin Late Paleolithic individual, China 10812 BCE Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River (Amur River Basin, southwest Heilongjiang Province, Songnen Plain), China View
Amur River Basin N individual, China 4457 BCE Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River (Amur River Basin, southwest Heilongjiang Province, Songnen Plain), China View
Amur River Basin Late Paleolithic individual, China 12462 BCE Zhaodong on the northern bank of the Songhua River (Amur River Basin, southwest Heilongjiang Province, Songnen Plain), China View
Page 1
Individual Culture/Period Date Location Action
Neolithic individual, Estonia 3646 BCE Kudruküla. Ida-Viru, Estonia View
Neolithic individual, China 6690 BCE Amur River Basin, China View
Page 1
Sources

References

Scientific publications and genetic data that inform this profile.

G25 Coordinates

These coordinates represent a position in genetic space, a tool for comparison, not a conclusion. You can use these to perform custom admixture analysis in G25 Studio.

NE16,0.03296522,-0.44150368,0.0799844,-0.0388796,-0.05702582,-0.03884352,0.0142691,0.01728186,0.00756498,0.01379074,-0.0130137,0.00015898,0.00177272,0.00239788,-0.01131242,-0.01042524,-0.0063664,0.00787806,0.01573826,0.00895752,0.01881548,-0.01946704,-0.00093368,0.00250356,0.00887219
Continue in G25 Studio

Continue exploring

Browse reference records or explore your existing Shared Roots results.

Browse Sample Explorer Discover Your Shared Roots
Use code for 30% off • Expires Nov 16