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Two Women Were Buried Embracing Beside the Walls of a Cathedral, a Unique Discovery in Medieval Poland

Guillermo Carvajal, Agata Cieślik, Nicolas Antonio da Silva et al.

4 Authors
2026-09-01 Published
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Chapter I

Publication Details

Comprehensive information about this research publication

Authors

GC
Guillermo Carvajal
AC
Agata Cieślik
NA
Nicolas Antonio da Silva
MP
Magdalena Przysiężna-Pizarska
Chapter II

Abstract

Summary of the research findings

Abstract: This article summarizes a study where two skeletons found in an embrace beside the Opole Cathedral were analyzed using ancient DNA and osteological data. The results show both individuals were female, not closely related (kinship up to the third degree absent), and carried different mitochondrial haplogroups (H and U8a1a1). Population genetics analyses (PCA and f3) place them within Eastern European medieval populations, particularly among Ukrainians, Russians, Belarusians, and medieval Polish groups. Pathogen DNA was not detected. The authors discuss several hypotheses for the embrace and emphasize that genetic evidence is essential to avoid misinterpretation of bone position in past burials. The study suggests this double burial is a singular case in medieval Poland.

Chapter III

Analysis

Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings

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