Ancestry
Li Jiawei, J Cai
et al.
American journal of physical anthropologyAm J Phys AnthropolAncient DNA reveals two paternal lineages C2a1a1b1a/F3830 and C2b1b/F845 in past nomadic peoples distributed on the Mongolian Plateau.402411402-41110.1002/ajpa.24076Since the third century CE, a series of nomadic tribes have been active on the eastern part of the Mongolian Plateau. Characterizing the genetic compositions of past nomadic people is significant for research on the nomadic cultures of the Eurasian Steppe region. Ancient DNA analysis facilitates a deeper understanding of the relationship between historical and modern nomadic populations.Whole-genome shotgun sequencing and capture sequencing of the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome were performed for six ancient Hg C2/M217 individuals. The individuals were interred at six separate sites on the Mongolian Plateau and represent dates spanning the late Neolithic to Yuan Dynasty (~3,500-700 BP).After NRY capture sequencing, three of the six ancient samples were attributed to C2b1b/F845 and the other three ancient samples belonged to C2a1a1b1a/F3830. Analysis of whole-genome shotgun sequencing data shows that the ancient C2b1b/F845 individuals are closely related to She, Han and other East Asian populations, while the ancient C2a1a1b1a/F3830 individuals are more similar to modern Northeast Asian peoples, such as the Ulchi and Yakut.Hg C2/M217, widely distributed in the eastern part of the Eurasian continent, was discovered in the ancient Central Steppe and Baikal region. This study shows that there were two important subclades of Hg C2/M217 among the ancient nomadic peoples: C2a1a1b1a/F3830, which has made important genetic contributions to modern Mongolic- and Manchu-speaking populations, and C2b1b/F845, which probably originated in the farming populations of southern East Asia and made certain genetic contributions to past nomadic peoples on the Mongolian Plateau.© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.LiJiaweiJAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.CaiDaweiDAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.ZhangYeYCollege of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.ZhuHongHAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.ZhouHuiH0000-0001-5858-5636Ancient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.engHistorical ArticleJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20200514United StatesAm J Phys Anthropol04006540002-94830DNA, AncientIMAnthropology, PhysicalChromosomes, Human, YgeneticsDNA, AncientanalysisEthnicitygeneticshistoryGenome, HumangeneticsGenomicsmethodsHistory, AncientHumansMaleMongoliaSequence Analysis, DNAmethodsTransients and MigrantshistoryNRY captureancient DNAnomadic populationshotgun sequencing2019742020492020417202051560202112660202051560ppublish3240695410.1002/ajpa.24076REFERENCES
Ancestry
Li Jiawei, J Zhang
et al.
American journal of physical anthropologyAm J Phys AnthropolThe genome of an ancient Rouran individual reveals an important paternal lineage in the Donghu population.895905895-90510.1002/ajpa.23491Following the Xiongnu and Xianbei, the Rouran Khaganate (Rouran) was the third great nomadic tribe on the Mongolian Steppe. However, few human remains from this tribe are available for archaeologists and geneticists to study, as traces of the tombs of these nomadic people have rarely been found. In 2014, the IA-M1 remains (TL1) at the Khermen Tal site from the Rouran period were found by a Sino-Mongolian joint archaeological team in Mongolia, providing precious material for research into the genetic imprint of the Rouran.The mtDNA hypervariable sequence I (HVS-I) and Y-chromosome SNPs were analyzed, and capture of the paternal non-recombining region of the Y chromosome (NRY) and whole-genome shotgun sequencing of TL1 were performed. The materials from three sites representing the three ancient nationalities (Donghu, Xianbei, and Shiwei) were selected for comparison with the TL1 individual.The mitochondrial haplotype of the TL1 individual was D4b1a2a1. The Y-chromosome haplotype was C2b1a1b/F3830 (ISOGG 2015), which was the same as that of the other two ancient male nomadic samples (ZHS5 and GG3) related to the Xianbei and Shiwei, which were also detected as F3889; this haplotype was reported to be downstream of F3830 by Wei et al. ().We conclude that F3889 downstream of F3830 is an important paternal lineage of the ancient Donghu nomads. The Donghu-Xianbei branch is expected to have made an important paternal genetic contribution to Rouran. This component of gene flow ultimately entered the gene pool of modern Mongolic- and Manchu-speaking populations.© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.LiJiaweiJAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.ZhangYeYAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.ZhaoYongbinYLife Science College, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China.ChenYongzhiYDirector, Inner Mongolian Museum, Hohhot 010011, People's Republic of China.OchirAACoordinator, International Institute for Study of Nomadic Civilization, 210620A, Ulaanbaatar 11, Mongolia.SarenbiligeEditorial department, Cultural Relics and Archaeological Institute of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010010, People's Republic of China.ZhuHongHAncient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.ZhouHuiH0000-0001-5858-5636Ancient DNA Laboratory, Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.engJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't20180421United StatesAm J Phys Anthropol04006540002-94830DNA, Ancient0DNA, MitochondrialIMAnthropology, PhysicalAsian PeoplegeneticsChromosomes, Human, YgeneticsDNA, AncientanalysisDNA, MitochondrialgeneticsGenetics, PopulationGenomegeneticsHaplotypesgeneticsHumansMaleMongoliaPhylogenyTransients and MigrantsNRY captureRouran Khaganateancient DNAnomadic population20171152018372018452018424602018121560201842360ppublish2968113810.1002/ajpa.23491REFERENCES
