Genomic history of coastal societies from eastern South America
Ferraz T, Suarez Villagran X, Nägele K et al.
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
Sambaqui (shellmound) societies are among the most intriguing archaeological phenomena in pre-colonial South America, extending from approximately 8,000 to 1,000 years before present (yr BP) across 3,000 km on the Atlantic coast. However, little is known about their connection to early Holocene hunter-gatherers, how this may have contributed to different historical pathways and the processes through which late Holocene ceramists came to rule the coast shortly before European contact. To contribute to our understanding of the population history of indigenous societies on the eastern coast of South America, we produced genome-wide data from 34 ancient individuals as early as 10,000 yr BP from four different regions in Brazil. Early Holocene hunter-gatherers were found to lack shared genetic drift among themselves and with later populations from eastern South America, suggesting that they derived from a common radiation and did not contribute substantially to later coastal groups. Our analyses show genetic heterogeneity among contemporaneous Sambaqui groups from the southeastern and southern Brazilian coast, contrary to the similarity expressed in the archaeological record. The complex history of intercultural contact between inland horticulturists and coastal populations becomes genetically evident during the final horizon of Sambaqui societies, from around 2,200 yr BP, corroborating evidence of cultural change.
Ancient DNA Samples
34 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDA002 | 2900 BCE | Brazil | Pedra do Alexandre (Rio Grande du Norde, Carnauba dos Dantas) | M | C1b |
Q-M3 |
| SAM014 | 1699 CE | Brazil | Kaingang (Southeast Coast) | M | B2 |
Q-Y165186 |
| CAP007 | 8547 BCE | Brazil | Capelinha (Southeast Coast) | M | C1d1 |
Q-M3 |
| PAI001 | 7315 BCE | Brazil | Central, Loca do Suin | M | C4c |
Q-Z780 |
| PLM001 | 1426 CE | Brazil | Palmeiras-Xingu (Southeast Amazonia) | M | B2b-N |
Q-L53 |
| CBE003 | 1685 BCE | Brazil | Cabeçuda (South Coast) | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| CBE004 | 1386 BCE | Brazil | Cabeçuda (South Coast) | M | D4 |
Q-M3 |
| CUB002 | 756 BCE | Brazil | Cubatão I (South Coast) | F | D1 |
|
| CUB008 | 807 BCE | Brazil | Cubatão I (South Coast) | F | A2 |
|
| GA4002 | 644 CE | Brazil | Galheta IV (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT001 | 720 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT002 | 721 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| JBT009 | 455 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| JBT010 | 742 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT011 | 700 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-L53 |
| JBT012 | 410 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| JBT013 | 723 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| JBT014 | 184 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT015 | 364 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT018 | 541 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT019 | 553 CE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | B2 |
|
| JBT020 | 403 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q |
| JBT021 | 400 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-L53 |
| JBT022 | 700 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT023 | 700 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | F | C1c |
|
| JBT025 | 719 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| JBT026 | 395 BCE | Brazil | Jabuticabeira II (South Coast) | M | C1c |
Q-M3 |
| EPS001 | 1442 CE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | F | B2 |
|
| EPS002 | 811 BCE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | M | D1-D1d1 |
Q-L56 |
| EPS003 | 36 BCE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | F | A2-A2m |
|
| EPS004 | 76 CE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | M | D1-D1d2 |
Q-CTS2730 |
| EPS005 | 50 BCE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | F | C1b |
|
| EPS011 | 850 BCE | Brazil | Sambaqui do Limão (Southeast Coast) | F | A2-A2m |
|
| VSM001 | 1318 CE | Brazil | Northeast, Vau - Sta.M.Vitória | M | B2b3a |
Q-M3 |
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
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