Research Publication
Ancient human parallel lineages within North America contributed to a coastal expansion
Scheib CL, Li H, Desai T et al.
29853687
PubMed ID
40
Authors
06/01/2018
Published
149
Samples
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Chapter I
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Chapter II
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
Little is known regarding the first people to enter the Americas and their genetic legacy. Genomic analysis of the oldest human remains from the Americas showed a direct relationship between a Clovis-related ancestral population and all modern Central and South Americans as well as a deep split separating them from North Americans in Canada. We present 91 ancient human genomes from California and Southwestern Ontario and demonstrate the existence of two distinct ancestries in North America, which possibly split south of the ice sheets. A contribution from both of these ancestral populations is found in all modern Central and South Americans. The proportions of these two ancestries in ancient and modern populations are consistent with a coastal dispersal and multiple admixture events.
Chapter III
Ancient DNA Samples
149 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
149 Samples
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU-01 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | C |
|
| LU-02 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | A2i |
BT-M42 |
| LU-03 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | C1d1a1 |
Q-L54 |
| LU-05 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| LU-06 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1d1a1 |
|
| CK-03 | 1223 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | X2a1c |
IJK-L15 |
| CK-09 | 1458 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | A2i |
|
| CK-10 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| CK-13 | 2914 BCE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| CK-13 | 2914 BCE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| CK-09 | 1458 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | A2i |
|
| LU-06 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1d1a1 |
|
| CK-10 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| LU-03 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | C1d1a1 |
Q-L54 |
| LU-02 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | A2i |
BT-M42 |
| LU-05 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | F | C1b40 |
|
| LU-01 | 1200 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | C |
|
| CK-03 | 1223 CE | Canada | Lucier. Southwestern Ontario | M | X2a1c |
IJK-L15 |
| B-03 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | LC-218. Baja | M | C1b11 |
Q-CTS10359 |
| B-04 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | Comondu. Baja | F | C1b41 |
|
| MX-01 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | Iron Springs. Baja | M | B2a5 |
Q-L53 |
| B-04 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | Comondu. Baja | F | C1b41 |
|
| MX-01 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | Iron Springs. Baja | M | B2a5 |
Q-L53 |
| B-03 | 3000 BCE | Mexico | LC-218. Baja | M | C1b11 |
Q-CTS10359 |
| CH-01 | 416 CE | USA | California. Carpenteria | F | A2 |
|
| CR-01 | 774 CE | USA | San Cruz Island. CA | F | A2 |
|
| CT-01 | 1440 CE | USA | San Catalina Island. CA | M | C1b45 |
Q-M902 |
| CT-02 | 1400 CE | USA | San Catalina Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-39 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| I15690 | 420 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| 523a | 1800 CE | USA | Palm Site | M | A2a |
Q-Y4276 |
| Ala1 | 1400 CE | USA | Síi Túupentak (ALA-565/H). San Francisco Bay | F | C1c1b |
|
| NC | 571 CE | USA | New Cuyama. CA | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| PS-02 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-03 | 416 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
Q-M3 |
| PS-04 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-06 | 417 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1s |
Q-FT333346 |
| PS-07 | 422 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1t |
Q-CTS10359 |
| PS-09 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
Q-M346 |
| PS-17 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-18 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-23 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-26 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1t |
Q-M346 |
| PS-34 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
CT-M168 |
| SC-01 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-02 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | |
|
| SC-03 | 890 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-04 | 1039 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | B2a5 |
|
| SC-05 | 775 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-06 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | M | C1b41 |
Q-L53 |
| SC-07 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SM-01 | 1286 CE | USA | San Miguel Island. CA | M | A2 |
Q-M902 |
| SM-02 | 1174 CE | USA | San Miguel Island. CA | F | A2 |
|
| SN-01 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-03 | 239 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-04 | 3081 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| SN-09 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | B2a5 |
Q-M346 |
| SN-10 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-11 | 771 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | D1 |
Q-FGC8436 |
| SN-12 | 663 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C |
|
| SN-13 | 1040 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b |
|
| SN-15 | 78 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-16 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-17 | 3369 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-CTS11969 |
| SN-20 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-25 | 2570 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-31 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
Q-M346 |
| SN-32 | 3341 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-CTS11969 |
| SN-37 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| SN-38 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | C1b41 |
Q-L53 |
| SN-41 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| SN-43 | 795 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-44 | 3626 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-FT333346 |
| SN-45 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
C-M217 |
| SN-48 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2 |
|
| SN-51 | 410 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-52 | 990 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2y1a |
|
| SN-53 | 1165 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-54 | 2835 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L54 |
| SN-55 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
Q-L53 |
| SN-56 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| SN-57 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-58 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-M346 |
| SN-59 | 3328 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-60 | 2835 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| US-14 | 1521 CE | USA | Shohola Creek. Indian Cabin Ridge. PA | M | U4c1a |
I-Z73 |
| 523a | 1800 CE | USA | Palm Site | M | A2a |
Q-Y4276 |
| PS-07 | 422 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1t |
Q-CTS10359 |
| PS-06 | 417 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1s |
Q-FT333346 |
| PS-03 | 416 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
Q-M3 |
| PS-18 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-34 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
CT-M168 |
| PS-04 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-26 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | D1t |
Q-M346 |
| PS-17 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-02 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-23 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | F | D1t |
|
| PS-09 | 100 CE | USA | Point Sal. CA | M | A2c |
Q-M346 |
| NC | 571 CE | USA | New Cuyama. CA | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| US-14 | 1521 CE | USA | Shohola Creek. Indian Cabin Ridge. PA | M | U4c1a |
I-Z73 |
| SN-54 | 2835 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L54 |
| SN-39 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| SN-48 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2 |
|
| SN-32 | 3341 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-CTS11969 |
| SN-17 | 3369 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-CTS11969 |
| SN-44 | 3626 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-FT333346 |
| SN-56 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| SN-55 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
Q-L53 |
| SN-31 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
Q-M346 |
| SN-60 | 2835 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| SN-41 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| SN-20 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-04 | 3081 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
P-M45 |
| SN-25 | 2570 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-58 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-M346 |
| SN-59 | 3328 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-45 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2 |
C-M217 |
| SN-57 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | A2c |
Q-L53 |
| SN-37 | 3650 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | A2c |
|
| SN-09 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | B2a5 |
Q-M346 |
| SN-12 | 663 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C |
|
| SN-43 | 795 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-13 | 1040 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b |
|
| I15690 | 420 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-11 | 771 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | D1 |
Q-FGC8436 |
| SN-53 | 1165 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-10 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-16 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-38 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | M | C1b41 |
Q-L53 |
| SN-01 | 3700 BCE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2a5 |
|
| SN-03 | 239 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-52 | 990 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | B2y1a |
|
| SN-15 | 78 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| SN-51 | 410 CE | USA | California. San Nicolas Island | F | C1b41 |
|
| CT-01 | 1440 CE | USA | San Catalina Island. CA | M | C1b45 |
Q-M902 |
| CT-02 | 1400 CE | USA | San Catalina Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-03 | 890 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-02 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | |
|
| SC-05 | 775 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-07 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-01 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | C1b41 |
|
| SC-04 | 1039 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | F | B2a5 |
|
| SC-06 | 700 CE | USA | San Clemente Island. CA | M | C1b41 |
Q-L53 |
| CH-01 | 416 CE | USA | California. Carpenteria | F | A2 |
|
| Ala1 | 1400 CE | USA | Síi Túupentak (ALA-565/H). San Francisco Bay | F | C1c1b |
|
| SM-02 | 1174 CE | USA | San Miguel Island. CA | F | A2 |
|
| SM-01 | 1286 CE | USA | San Miguel Island. CA | M | A2 |
Q-M902 |
| SN-50 | 420 CE | USA | San Nicolas Island (California) | F | C1b41a1 |
|
| CR-01 | 774 CE | USA | San Cruz Island. CA | F | A2 |
|
Chapter IV
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
Important Disclaimer: This review has been performed semi-automatically and is provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, this analysis may contain errors, omissions, or misinterpretations of the original research. DNA Genics disclaims all liability for any inaccuracies, errors, or consequences arising from the use of this information. Users should independently verify all information and consult original research publications before making any decisions based on this content. This analysis is not intended as a substitute for professional scientific review or medical advice.