Research Publication
Origin and mobility of Iron Age Gaulish groups in present-day France revealed through archaeogenomics
Fischer CE, Pemonge MH, Ducoussau I et al.
35402880
PubMed ID
35
Authors
03/16/2022
Published
48
Samples
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Chapter I
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Chapter II
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
The Iron Age period occupies an important place in French history because the Gauls are regularly presented as the direct ancestors of the extant French population. We documented here the genomic diversity of Iron Age communities originating from six French regions. The 49 acquired genomes permitted us to highlight an absence of discontinuity between Bronze Age and Iron Age groups in France, lending support to a cultural transition linked to progressive local economic changes rather than to a massive influx of allochthone groups. Genomic analyses revealed strong genetic homogeneity among the regional groups associated with distinct archaeological cultures. This genomic homogenization appears to be linked to individuals' mobility between regions and gene flow with neighbouring groups from England and Spain. Thus, the results globally support a common genomic legacy for the Iron Age population of modern-day France that could be linked to recurrent gene flow between culturally differentiated communities.
Chapter III
Ancient DNA Samples
48 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
48 Samples
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPV1445 | 2300 BCE | France | Barbuise La Saulsotte (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | F | Ia4 |
|
| BPV1455 | 2300 BCE | France | Barbuise La Saulsotte (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | M | HV0a |
R-PF6434*(xA573,A415,S5520,JFS2006,S4076,S1924,FGC15343,FGC33316,FGC8587,S271,CTS8234,S10250,S22641,FGC7511,S16361,Y9130,S18632,S230,L20,S369,FGC31485,BY3497,PF6601,L21,Z2245,S233,A8043,L943,A11718,V3870,GG534) |
| BFT228 | 350 BCE | France | Bucy-le-Long "la Fosse Tounise" (Hauts-de-France Region, Aisne Department, Soissons arrondissement) | M | H2a2a ? |
I-CTS9411/etc*(xFGC14214,Z2070,Y5362,Y12037,L801,PH4661,Y5203,S23473) |
| BLH447 | 350 BCE | France | Bucy-le-Long "la Heronnière" (Hauts-de-France Region, Aisne Department, Soissons arrondissement) | F | H5a1 ? |
|
| VAS75 | 500 BCE | France | Vasseny "Dessus des Groins" (Hauts-de-France Region, Aisne Department, Soissons arrondissement) | F | H6a |
|
| VAS79-2 | 500 BCE | France | Vasseny "Dessus des Groins" (Hauts-de-France Region, Aisne Department, Soissons arrondissement) | M | T2b |
R-CTS8627/etc*(xFGC3861 |
| GDF1231 | 500 BCE | France | Barbuise les Grèves de Frécul (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | F | HV0 |
|
| GDF1264 | 500 BCE | France | Barbuise les Grèves de Frécul (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | M | H2b |
R-P312*(xDF27 |
| GDF1341 | 500 BCE | France | Barbuise les Grèves de Frécul (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | F | K1a1b1 |
|
| GDF1348 | 500 BCE | France | Barbuise les Grèves de Frécul (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | M | H |
R-A1334 |
| GDF1349-A | 500 BCE | France | Barbuise les Grèves de Frécul (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement) | F | T1a4 |
|
| BUCH48-1 | 475 BCE | France | Buchères "PLA D37" (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Troyes arrondissement) | M | U4b1a3a |
G-CTS3226*(xZ41265,Z44280,Z46089,Z44722,Z31317,BY64222,BY166304,Z39499,BY195513,Z41322,Z44675,Z45525,Z46059,BY181063,Z40851,BY155948,Y10167,BY201523,Y107439,BY92529,Z46145,FT8508,BY200771,FT67938,BY182112,S23438,S2796,FGC8354,Z40766,Z44624,FGC34823,FT48277,Z44732,BY28005,Z46344,FGC74134,Z42514,Z44432,Z42693,F1694,Z37845,BY187524,Z40862,Z41661,Z44999,BY157342,Y62556.2,Z39682,BY28180,Y103432,FT55077,FGC498,BY187026,BY180527,Z46327,Z40869,Z31327,Z45484) |
| BUCH48-2 | 475 BCE | France | Buchères "PLA D37" (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Troyes arrondissement) | M | K2 |
R-Y22190 |
| BUCH82 | 750 BCE | France | Buchères "PLA D37" (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Troyes arrondissement) | F | K1a |
|
| BES1096B | 475 BCE | France | La Monédière (Occitanie Region, Hérault Department, Béziers arrondissement, Bessan) | M | X2 |
R-P312*(xZ269 |
| BES1154 | 510 BCE | France | La Monédière (Occitanie Region, Hérault Department, Béziers arrondissement, Bessan) | F | V9 |
|
| BES1249 | 150 BCE | France | La Monédière (Occitanie Region, Hérault Department, Béziers arrondissement, Bessan) | M | H2a2a ? |
G-Y14681*(xZ37856) |
| CLR23 | 400 BCE | France | Le Cailar "Place de la Saint-Jean" (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Nîmes arrondissement) | M | R0a1b |
R-S268*(xZ345,Z334) |
| CLR24 | 400 BCE | France | Le Cailar "Place de la Saint-Jean" (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Nîmes arrondissement) | M | H1e |
R-PF6540/etc*(xFGC3857 |
| CLR31 | 400 BCE | France | Le Cailar "Place de la Saint-Jean" (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Nîmes arrondissement) | M | N1a1a1 |
R-Z2552*(xL617) |
| CLR35 | 400 BCE | France | Le Cailar "Place de la Saint-Jean" (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Nîmes arrondissement) | M | H1e |
I-CTS9052/etc*(xCTS6426 |
| CLR44 | 400 BCE | France | Le Cailar "Place de la Saint-Jean" (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Nîmes arrondissement) | M | H2b |
R-CTS7650*(xM405 |
| PECH3 | 225 BCE | France | Pech-Maho (Occitanie Region, Aude Department, Narbonne arrondissement) | M | HV0a |
|
| PECH9 | 600 BCE | France | Pech-Maho (Occitanie Region, Aude Department, Narbonne arrondissement) | F | J1c |
|
| GOX287_merge | 550 BCE | France | Goxwiller (Grand Est Region, Bas-Rhin Department, Sélestat arrondissement) | M | T1a1j |
I-S2293 |
| ISL6950 | 340 BCE | France | Isles sur Suippe "Les Sohettes" (Grand Est Region, Marne Department, Reims arrondissement) | M | J1c1 |
R-L151 |
| ERS83-2 | 400 BCE | France | Untergasse (Grand Est Region, Bas-Rhin Department, Sélestat arrondissement, Erstein) | M | Ia4 |
G-CTS11352*(xZ41262 |
| PEY73 | 200 BCE | France | Le Peyrou-2 (Occitanie Region, Hérault Department, Béziers arrondissement, Agde) | F | U5b3 |
|
| UN19_merge | 120 BCE | France | Urville-Nacqueville (Normandie Region, Manche Department, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin arrondissement) | M | W1c1 |
R-L21 |
| UN129 | 120 BCE | France | Urville-Nacqueville (Normandie Region, Manche Department, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin arrondissement) | M | K1a1b1c |
R-CTS10834/etc*(xM405 |
| UN85 | 120 BCE | France | Urville-Nacqueville (Normandie Region, Manche Department, Cherbourg-en-Cotentin arrondissement) | M | H2a2a ? |
R-DF27*(xZ262 |
| ATT27 | 350 BCE | France | Le Buissonnet (Hauts-de-France Region, Oise Department, Compiègne arrondissement, Attichy-Bitry) | F | K1a |
|
| ATT3 | 350 BCE | France | Le Buissonnet (Hauts-de-France Region, Oise Department, Compiègne arrondissement, Attichy-Bitry) | M | H1 ? |
R-PF6540*(xL11) |
| ATT52-2 | 350 BCE | France | Le Buissonnet (Hauts-de-France Region, Oise Department, Compiègne arrondissement, Attichy-Bitry) | F | K1a3a |
|
| GLN141 | 300 BCE | France | Gurgy Les Noisats (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Region, Yonne Department, Auxerre arrondissement) | M | K1a |
R-L1358 |
| GLN29-A | 300 BCE | France | Gurgy Les Noisats (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Region, Yonne Department, Auxerre arrondissement) | F | U8a1 |
|
| GLN32 | 300 BCE | France | Gurgy Les Noisats (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Region, Yonne Department, Auxerre arrondissement) | F | H3 |
I-S19763/etc*(xBY14655 |
| GLN126_merge | 300 BCE | France | Gurgy Les Noisats (Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Region, Yonne Department, Auxerre arrondissement) | M | H1e+16129 |
R-Y33093 |
| PT7 | 425 BCE | France | Oppidum du Plan de la Tour (Occitanie Region, Gard Department, Le Vigan arrondissement, Gaillhan) | F | J1c1 |
|
| COL239 | 740 BCE | France | Jardin des Aubépines (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement) | M | H1e |
R-S6189*(xS6185) |
| COL330 | 810 BCE | France | Jardin des Aubépines (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement) | M | J1c1b1a |
G-CTS2100*(xY10621,Z40850,BY155948,Y54180,BY114187,BY201747,Z44660,BY111962,FT9615,BY108585,Z34076,Z41149,BY161263,Z39825,FT40987,BY97971,Z40751,Y31001,Z45454,FGC8304,BY27997,FGC74134,BY73077,Z31325,Z16775,Z45557,BY28104,Y105023,FT52979,FGC502,Z31348,BY188526,Z43704,S25862^^,BY176487,BY57686^^) |
| CROI1-4 | 800 BCE | France | Oberes Holzackerfeld (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement, Sainte Croix en Plaine) | F | J1c1b1a |
R-PF6435/etc*(xY14069 |
| CROI11 | 800 BCE | France | Oberes Holzackerfeld (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement, Sainte Croix en Plaine) | F | T2 |
|
| CROI12-2 | 800 BCE | France | Oberes Holzackerfeld (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement, Sainte Croix en Plaine) | F | H |
|
| SCPG2 | 450 BCE | France | Oberes Holzackerfeld / Echangeur Gendarmerie (2005) (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Colmar arrondissement, Sainte Croix en Plaine) | F | T |
|
| WET429 | 450 BCE | France | Wettholsheim-Ricoh (Grand Est Region, Haut-Rhin Department, Mulhouse arrondissement) | M | K1a4a1 |
G-Z3035/etc*(xZ41267 |
| CHF106 | 475 BCE | France | Champfleury "RN51" (Grand Est Region, Aube Department, Nogent-sur-Seine arrondissement, Marne) | M | U4a1d |
R-L151*(xFGC14874,A566,S261,S265,Z37885,Y14075,JFS2005,S4093,AMM278,FGC15333,S21495,S378,S511,Z334,S18372,FGC415,S15526,A2151,S20434,S227,L881,CTS6519.1,S369,CTS7970,Z37,PF6584,CTS7193.2,S245,S233,Y18212,FGC37085) |
| PAL170 | 600 BCE | France | La Pièce à Liards (Hauts-de-France Region, Pas-de-Calais Department, Montreuil arrondissement, Pas-de-Calais) | F | T2b7a |
|
Chapter IV
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
Important Disclaimer: This review has been performed semi-automatically and is provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, this analysis may contain errors, omissions, or misinterpretations of the original research. DNA Genics disclaims all liability for any inaccuracies, errors, or consequences arising from the use of this information. Users should independently verify all information and consult original research publications before making any decisions based on this content. This analysis is not intended as a substitute for professional scientific review or medical advice.