The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Olalde I; Mallick S; Patterson N; Rohland N; Villalba-Mouco V; Silva M; Dulias K; Edwards CJ; Gandini F; Pala M; Soares P; Ferrando-Bernal M; Adamski N; Broomandkhoshbacht N; Cheronet O; Culleton BJ; Fernandes D; Lawson AM; Mah M; Oppenheimer J; Stewardson K; Zhang Z; Jiménez Arenas JM; Toro Moyano IJ; Salazar-García DC; Castanyer P; Santos M; Tremoleda J; Lozano M; García Borja P; Fernández-Eraso J; Mujika-Alustiza JA; Barroso C; Bermúdez FJ; Viguera Mínguez E; Burch J; Coromina N; Vivó D; Cebrià A; Fullola JM; García-Puchol O; Morales JI; Oms FX; Majó T; Vergès JM; Díaz-Carvajal A; Ollich-Castanyer I; López-Cachero FJ; Silva AM; Alonso-Fernández C; Delibes de Castro G; Jiménez Echevarría J; Moreno-Márquez A; Pascual Berlanga G; Ramos-García P; Ramos-Muñoz J; Vijande Vila E; Aguilella Arzo G; Esparza Arroyo Á; Lillios KT; Mack J; Velasco-Vázquez J; Waterman A; Benítez de Lugo Enrich L; Benito Sánchez M; Agustí B; Codina F; de Prado G; Estalrrich A; Fernández Flores Á; Finlayson C; Finlayson G; Finlayson S; Giles-Guzmán F; Rosas A; Barciela González V; García Atiénzar G; Hernández Pérez MS; Llanos A; Carrión Marco Y; Collado Beneyto I; López-Serrano D; Sanz Tormo M; Valera AC; Blasco C; Liesau C; Ríos P; Daura J; de Pedro Michó MJ; Diez-Castillo AA; Flores Fernández R; Francès Farré J; Garrido-Pena R; Gonçalves VS; Guerra-Doce E; Herrero-Corral AM; Juan-Cabanilles J; López-Reyes D; McClure SB; Merino Pérez M; Oliver Foix A; Sanz Borràs M; Sousa AC; Vidal Encinas JM; Kennett DJ; Richards MB; Werner Alt K; Haak W; Pinhasi R; Lalueza-Fox C; Reich D

doi:10.1126/science.aav4040

Research Publication

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Olalde I, Mallick S, Patterson N et al.

30872528 PubMed ID

111 Authors

03/15/2019 Published

318 Samples

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Chapter I

Publication Details

Comprehensive information about this research publication

Authors 111 researchers

Publication Date 03/15/2019

Geographic Region Europe

URL https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30872528/

Authors

OI

Olalde I

MS

Mallick S

PN

Patterson N

RN

Rohland N

VV

Villalba-Mouco V

SM

Silva M

DK

Dulias K

EC

Edwards CJ

GF

Gandini F

PM

Pala M

SP

Soares P

FM

Ferrando-Bernal M

AN

Adamski N

BN

Broomandkhoshbacht N

CO

Cheronet O

CB

Culleton BJ

FD

Fernandes D

LA

Lawson AM

MM

Mah M

OJ

Oppenheimer J

SK

Stewardson K

ZZ

Zhang Z

JA

Jiménez Arenas JM

TM

Toro Moyano IJ

SD

Salazar-García DC

CP

Castanyer P

SM

Santos M

TJ

Tremoleda J

LM

Lozano M

GB

García Borja P

FJ

Fernández-Eraso J

MJ

Mujika-Alustiza JA

BC

Barroso C

BF

Bermúdez FJ

VM

Viguera Mínguez E

BJ

Burch J

CN

Coromina N

VD

Vivó D

CA

Cebrià A

FJ

Fullola JM

GO

García-Puchol O

MJ

Morales JI

OF

Oms FX

MT

Majó T

VJ

Vergès JM

DA

Díaz-Carvajal A

OI

Ollich-Castanyer I

LF

López-Cachero FJ

SA

Silva AM

AC

Alonso-Fernández C

DD

Delibes de Castro G

JE

Jiménez Echevarría J

MA

Moreno-Márquez A

PB

Pascual Berlanga G

RP

Ramos-García P

RJ

Ramos-Muñoz J

VV

Vijande Vila E

AA

Aguilella Arzo G

EA

Esparza Arroyo Á

LK

Lillios KT

MJ

Mack J

VJ

Velasco-Vázquez J

WA

Waterman A

BD

Benítez de Lugo Enrich L

BS

Benito Sánchez M

AB

Agustí B

CF

Codina F

DP

de Prado G

EA

Estalrrich A

FF

Fernández Flores Á

FC

Finlayson C

FG

Finlayson G

FS

Finlayson S

GF

Giles-Guzmán F

RA

Rosas A

BG

Barciela González V

GA

García Atiénzar G

HP

Hernández Pérez MS

LA

Llanos A

CM

Carrión Marco Y

CB

Collado Beneyto I

LD

López-Serrano D

ST

Sanz Tormo M

VA

Valera AC

BC

Blasco C

LC

Liesau C

RP

Ríos P

DJ

Daura J

DP

de Pedro Michó MJ

DA

Diez-Castillo AA

FF

Flores Fernández R

FF

Francès Farré J

GR

Garrido-Pena R

GV

Gonçalves VS

GE

Guerra-Doce E

HA

Herrero-Corral AM

JJ

Juan-Cabanilles J

LD

López-Reyes D

MS

McClure SB

MP

Merino Pérez M

OF

Oliver Foix A

SB

Sanz Borràs M

SA

Sousa AC

VE

Vidal Encinas JM

KD

Kennett DJ

RM

Richards MB

WA

Werner Alt K

HW

Haak W

PR

Pinhasi R

LC

Lalueza-Fox C

RD

Reich D

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Chapter II

Abstract

Summary of the research findings

We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European-speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European-speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.

Chapter III

Ancient DNA Samples

318 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication

318 Samples

Sample ID	Date/Era	Country	Locality	Sex	mtDNA	Y-DNA
I10939	1900 BCE	Gibraltar	Bray Cave	M	`K1a3a`	`R-P312`
I10940	1900 BCE	Gibraltar	Bray Cave	M	`H1e1a`	`R-P297`
I10941	1900 BCE	Gibraltar	Bray Cave	M	`T2e1`	`R-P312`
I10942	5500 BCE	Gibraltar	Gibraltar. Europa 1	F	`N1a1a1`
I0839	2456 BCE	Portugal	Almonda. Galeria da Cisterna	F	`H2a`
I5428	3352 BCE	Portugal	Cova das Lapas	M	`U5b1-a1`	`I-CTS5375`
I5429	3010 BCE	Portugal	Évora. Reguengos de Monsaraz. Perdigões	M	`J2b1a3`	`I-L160`
I3432	3081 BCE	Portugal	Évora. Reguengos de Monsaraz. Perdigões	F	`U5b2b3`
I11604	3100 BCE	Portugal	Lisbon. Lourinhã. Tholos of Paimogo I	M	`K1a1`	`I-M170`
I11605	3100 BCE	Portugal	Lisbon. Lourinhã. Tholos of Paimogo I	M	`HV0d`	`I-M26`
I11599	3350 BCE	Portugal	Lisbon. Torres Vedras. Cabeço da Arruda I	M	`J2b1a2`	`I-L160`
I11601	3350 BCE	Portugal	Lisbon. Torres Vedras. Cabeço da Arruda I	F	`V`
I5076	3336 BCE	Portugal	Monte Canelas 1	F	`H1`
I11614	2800 BCE	Portugal	Torres Vedra. Bolores	F	`H4a1a`
I11592	2800 BCE	Portugal	Torres Vedra. Bolores	M	`U5b2b`	`I-CTS5375`
I7689	2200 BCE	Portugal	Évora. São Manços. Monte da Cabida 3	F	`H1-f`
I7691	2200 BCE	Portugal	Évora. São Manços. Monte da Cabida 3	M	`J1c1`	`R-L51`
I7692	2200 BCE	Portugal	Évora. São Manços. Monte da Cabida 3	F	`U5b1-a1`
I7687	1200 BCE	Portugal	Coimbra. Arrifana. Gruta do Medronhal	M	`V`	`R-M269`
I7688	1200 BCE	Portugal	Coimbra. Arrifana. Gruta do Medronhal	F	`H3ap`
I8045	1700 BCE	Portugal	Setúbal. Melides. Casas Velhas	F	`U5b`
I8571	1800 BCE	Spain	Castell. Cabanes. Túmulo Mortorum	U	`K1a2c`	`P-M45`
I8140	2121 BCE	Spain	Granada. Monachil	F	`K1a-a4`
I10899	40000 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Piñar. Granada. Cueva de la Carigüela	M	`U5b1`	`I-Z2699`
I4055	200 CE	Spain	Granada. Plaza Einstein	M	`U3a1`	`T-L490`
I4246	2401 BCE	Spain	Madrid. San Fernando de Henares. Camino de las Yeseras	M	`M1a1b1`	`E-SK863`
I3583	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`HV0f`	`E-L618`
I2469	971 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	F	`H3an`
I7160	4042 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`T2c1d`
I3584	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Ventas de Zafarraya	M	`H`	`J-CTS7683`
I7162	1881 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Cádiz. Chiclana de la Frontera. Loma del Puerco	F	`T2e`
I3809	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`U6a3b`	`R-L21`
I7423	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`H20c`	`R-L151`
I7426	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`H`	`CT-M168`
I7679	4300 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`H`
I10282	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`K1a3`	`BT-M42`
I7595	3518 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	F	`U5b2b5`
I8155	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`H4a1a`
I8157	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`HV0-a`	`F-M89`
I8570	1300 BCE	Spain	Castellón. Cabanes. Túmulo Mortorum	M	`J1c3`	`R-L151`
I11304	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`U5a2-a`	`I-M223`
I10899	40000 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Piñar. Granada. Cueva de la Carigüela	M	`U5b1`	`I-Z2699`
I10897	1040 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`I1c`
I10854	990 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	M	`H1n-a`	`BT-M42`
I10851	887 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`H3`
I10852	990 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`H6c`
I10853	993 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	M	`U4a1`	`E-CTS5856`
I12030	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`J1c3g`
I12032	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`C4a1a-a`	`R-L51`
I12029	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`U5a1a1d`	`E-BY28635`
I12033	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`V`	`I-M253`
I12171	779 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	F	`J1c1b`
I12173	700 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	F	`T2b-b`
I12164	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`C4a1a-a`
I12650	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`H1e1a`	`CT-M168`
I3320	300 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vilafamés. Els Estrets de la Rata	M	`I1`	`R-Z225`
I3321	300 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vilafamés. Els Estrets de la Rata	M	`U3a1`	`R-P312`
I7427	900 CE	Spain	Granada. Calle Panaderos 21-23	M	`H1-e`	`E-M180`
I3496	300 BCE	Spain	Catalonia. Barcelona.Cerdanyola. Turó de Ca n’Oliver	U	`H1e1a`	`R-CTS9993`
I2470	1412 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`J2a1a1`	`R-P312`
I6491	200 CE	Spain	Tarragona. Mas Gassol. Alcover	M	`H4a1a`	`R-M207`
I10287	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`T2b3-a`	`I-M223`
I4246	2401 BCE	Spain	Madrid. San Fernando de Henares. Camino de las Yeseras	M	`M1a1b1`	`E-SK863`
I7672	785 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	M	`T2h`	`R-Z202`
I7673	785 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	F	`W1`
I7674	785 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	F	`H42`
I7675	785 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	M	`U3a1`	`R-L151`
I7676	785 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	F	`U5a1c`
I7587	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`T2b3-a`	`G-L30`
I7588	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	U	`J1c1b`	`G-L156`
I8148	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`T2b3-a`	`F-M89`
I8149	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`T2b3-a`
I8150	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`J1c3`
I8153	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`J2b1a1`	`I-M170`
I8154	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`U5b1`
I8156	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`K1a4a1`	`G-P15`
I8158	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`H1ah`	`I-P214`
I8197	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`H4a1`
I8198	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`J2b1a`
I8199	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`U5b1-a1`	`G-CTS5990`
I8364	2706 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`J2b1a2a`	`I-CTS5375`
I8365	2706 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`H`	`G-CTS5990`
I8155	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	F	`H4a1a`
I8157	2900 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Córdoba. Lucena. Sima del Ángel	M	`HV0-a`	`F-M89`
I3238	2500 BCE	Spain	Asturias. Soto de las Regueras. Cueva de la Paloma	M	`H3-b`	`R-P310`
I3243	2500 BCE	Spain	Asturias. Soto de las Regueras. Cueva de la Paloma	M	`U5a1a2b`	`P-M45`
I3239	2500 BCE	Spain	Asturias. Soto de las Regueras. Cueva de la Paloma	F	`U5b1`
I3277	3150 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Alava. Alto de la Huesera	F	`U5b2b`
I1845	3100 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. Alto de la Huesera	M	`K1a2c`	`I-BY37404`
I1846	3100 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. Alto de la Huesera	F	`T2b3d`
I1978	3100 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. Alto de la Huesera	F	`K1a4a1`
I1976	2571 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`H3`	`I2a1b1`
I2473	2916 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`H3`	`I-M223`
I1842	3000 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Peñacerrada-Urizaharra. Las Yurdinas II	M	`H1e1a`	`G-PF3148`
EHU001	2287 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Burgos. Monasterio de Rodilla. El Hundido	M	`U5a1b1`	`R-L51`
EHU002	2564 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Burgos. Monasterio de Rodilla. El Hundido	M	`K1a4a1`	`R-P312`
I8141	2200 BCE	Spain	Granada. Arenas del Rey	F	`K1a1b1`
I8048	2200 BCE	Spain	Granada. Arenas del Rey	M	`U5b1`	`I-M423`
I8140	2121 BCE	Spain	Granada. Monachil	F	`K1a-a4`
I6622	2600 BCE	Spain	Madrid. San Fernando de Henares. Camino de las Yeseras	M	`U5b1i`	`P-M45`
I4565	3022 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	M	`H5`	`I-S10631`
I8569	2872 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Alcalá de Xivert. Cova dels Diablets	M	`H1ah`	`G-PF3148`
I8566	3800 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. La Font de la Figuera. Cova de Sant Gomengo	F	`J2b1a`
I8132	2600 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. La Vital. Gandia	F	`H1aq`
I8131	2576 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. La Vital. Gandia	F	`J2b1`
I7162	1881 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Cádiz. Chiclana de la Frontera. Loma del Puerco	F	`T2e`
I1312	2000 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Sabadell. Can Roquetes	M	`HV0-a`	`R-Z195`
I1313	2000 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Sabadell. Can Roquetes	F	`V`
I1311	2000 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Sabadell. Can Roquetes	F	`J2b1a`
I1310	2000 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Sabadell. Can Roquetes	F	`U5b1c`
I1977	1613 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	F	`U5b1-a1`
I1840	1613 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`H3ap`	`R-BY128991`
I2471	1620 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	F	`K1b1a`
I3490	1850 BCE	Spain	Burgos. La Horra	F	`HV0b`
I6470	1746 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Burgos. Tablada de Rudrón. Virgazal	M	`J1c1`	`R1b1a1b1a1a2a`
I3491	1850 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Valladolid. Fuente la Mora	F	`T2b`
I3485	2300 BCE	Spain	Ciudad Real. Terrinches. Castillejo del Bonete	F	`K1a4a1`
I3484	2343 BCE	Spain	Ciudad Real. Terrinches. Castillejo del Bonete	M	`J1c1`	`R-P310`
I3756	2017 BCE	Spain	Ciudad Real. Terrinches. Castillejo del Bonete	M	`H1`	`R-FT5780`
I12855	1880 BCE	Spain	Ciudad Real. Terrinches. Castillejo del Bonete	M	`K1a-a4`	`R-M269`
I12809	1880 BCE	Spain	Ciudad Real. Terrinches. Castillejo del Bonete	M	`H1j`	`R-M269`
I8144	1876 BCE	Spain	Granada. Orce	F	`U5b3f`
I8136	1534 BCE	Spain	Granada. Orce	F	`K1b1a1`
VAD001	1872 BCE	Spain	La Rioja. Hervías. Valdescusa	M	`U5b1`	`R-Z225`
VAD002	1900 BCE	Spain	La Rioja. Hervías. Valdescusa	M	`J2b1a2`	`R-P297`
VAD003	1900 BCE	Spain	La Rioja. Hervías. Valdescusa	F	`HV0`
VAD004	1900 BCE	Spain	La Rioja. Hervías. Valdescusa	M	`J1c3`	`R-L151`
VAD005	1740 BCE	Spain	La Rioja. Hervías. Valdescusa	M	`J2b1a2`	`R-P310`
I6618	1880 BCE	Spain	Madrid. Humanejos	M	`U5b3`	`R-P312`
I1982	1735 BCE	Spain	Ondarre	F	`X2b`
I3492	1850 BCE	Spain	Salamanca. Aldeaseca de la Frontera. Tordillos	M	`U5b1-a1`	`R-M269`
I1836	1684 BCE	Spain	Sitges. Barcelona. Cova del Gegant	M	`U5a2b3`	`R-ZZ11`
I4562	1741 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	F	`H1`
I4563	1700 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	M	`H1/H84`	`R-YP5900`
I4558	1700 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	F	`K1a3a`
I4559	1700 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	M	`J1c1`	`R-L151`
I4560	1700 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	F	`K1a3a`
I4561	1700 BCE	Spain	Tarragona. Galls Carboners	F	`H1/H84`
I3486	1750 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Villena. Cabezo Redondo	M	`H1q`	`R-M269`
I3487	1739 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Villena. Cabezo Redondo	M	`H1e1a`	`R-L151`
I3488	1750 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Villena. Cabezo Redondo	M	`HV0-a`	`R-M269`
I3494	1928 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. La Font de la Figuera. Coveta del Frare	M	`J1c1b`	`R-BY3332`
I3997	1874 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. Paterna. Lloma de Betxí	M	`K1a2b`	`R-P312`
I8340	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`K1a-a4`
I8341	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H1`	`R-P312`
I8209	752 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`U1a1a`	`R-L2`
I8210	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`U5b3`	`R-M269`
I8211	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`HV0-a`	`R-M173`
I8212	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H27-a`	`R-M343`
I8213	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`K2a`
I8214	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`H3-b`
I8215	746 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`HV11`
I8344	500 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H3`	`R-P297`
I8203	300 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`H13a1a1`
I8204	350 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`H1e`
I8205	300 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H14a2c`	`J-Z1828`
I8206	340 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H7a1`	`R-DF27`
I8208	376 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H33`	`J-Z1846`
I10899	40000 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Piñar. Granada. Cueva de la Carigüela	M	`U5b1`	`I-Z2699`
I0843	6015 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. León. La Brana-Arintero	M	`U5b2c1`	`C-FT368070`
I3209	5978 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Ares del Maestre. Cingle del Mas Nou	M	`U5b1d1`	`F-M89`
I8130	6064 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. Dos Aguas. Cueva de la Cocina	M	`U5b2b`	`CT-M168`
I3759	361 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. La Hoya	M	`H1`	`I-M26`
I3757	400 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. La Hoya	F	`J1c1`
I3758	373 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. La Hoya	F	`U5b1-a1e1b`
I12643	758 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Can Roqueta II	F	`J2a1a1c`
I12642	733 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Can Roqueta II	F	`H`
I12640	700 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Can Roqueta-Can Revella	M	`H1t`	`R-P312`
I12641	786 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Can Roqueta-Can Revella	M	`HV0d`	`R-M269`
I12879	725 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Castellví de la Marca. Hort d'en Grimau	F	`HV0-a`
I12877	550 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Pacs del Penedès. Mas d'en Boixos-1	M	`J1c1`	`R-Y64583`
I12878	516 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Pacs del Penedès. Mas d'en Boixos-1	F	`H3`
I4556	700 BCE	Spain	Catalonia. Barcelona. Avinyonet del Penedés. Font de la Canya	F	`K1a12a`
I12410	537 BCE	Spain	Catalonia. Barcelona. Pacs del Penedès. Mas d'en Boixos-1	M	`H`	`R-P312`
I3496	300 BCE	Spain	Catalonia. Barcelona.Cerdanyola. Turó de Ca n’Oliver	U	`H1e1a`	`R-CTS9993`
I3326	250 BCE	Spain	Girona. Ullastret. Puig de Sant Andreu	M	`J1c`	`R-P297`
I3327	250 BCE	Spain	Girona. Ullastret. Puig de Sant Andreu	M	`J2b1a`	`R-L151`
I3324	359 BCE	Spain	Girona. Ullastret. Puig de Sant Andreu	M	`H1`	`R-Z209`
I3323	373 BCE	Spain	Girona. Ullastret. Puig de Sant Andreu	M	`X2b`	`R-L151`
I3320	300 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vilafamés. Els Estrets de la Rata	M	`I1`	`R-Z225`
I3321	300 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vilafamés. Els Estrets de la Rata	M	`U3a1`	`R1b1a1a2a1a2`
I3322	600 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vinaròs. Puig de la Misericordia	F	`H1t`
I12171	779 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	F	`J1c1b`
I12173	700 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	F	`T2b-b`
I12561	700 BCE	Spain	Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	M	`H1`	`R-P310`
I12560	700 BCE	Spain	Sevilla. Alcalá del Río. La Angorrilla	F	`H4a1`
I7458	1100 CE	Spain	Granada. Alhama de Granada. Casa Cuartel Guardia Civil	U	`H3ap`
I7457	1100 CE	Spain	Granada. Alhama de Granada. Casa Cuartel Guardia Civil	M	`H3-b`	`E-BY5022`
I7500	900 CE	Spain	Granada. Motril. Torrenueva. El Maraute	M	`M1b1a`	`E-Z1200`
I7427	900 CE	Spain	Granada. Calle Panaderos 21-23	M	`H1-e`	`E-M180`
I12644	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`U4a2`	`E-PF2546`
I12648	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`H1`	`R-M269`
I12646	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`K2b1a1`	`CT-M168`
I12649	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`H13a1a`	`E-Z1200`
I12647	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	F	`H1ak1`
I12645	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	F	`U5b1f1a`
I12650	1100 CE	Spain	Valencia. Carrer Sagunto 49	M	`H1e1a`	`CT-M168`
I12515	1100 CE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Betxí. Palau Castell de Betxí	M	`H3`	`J-Z39601`
I12514	1025 CE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Betxí. Palau Castell de Betxí	M	`HV0-a`	`J-Z39601`
I12516	899 CE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Vinaròs. Plaza Parroquial	F	`U5b2b2`
I7498	1000 CE	Spain	Granada. Huéscar. Cueva Romero	M	`H3a1`	`E-CTS5856`
I7497	1000 CE	Spain	Granada. Huéscar. Cueva Romero	F	`H20a`
I7499	1000 CE	Spain	Granada. Huéscar. Cueva Romero	F	`H5`
I2469	971 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	F	`H3an`
I8570	1300 BCE	Spain	Castellón. Cabanes. Túmulo Mortorum	M	`J1c3`	`R-L151`
I8571	1800 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Castelló/Castellón. Cabanes. Túmulo Mortorum	M	`K1a2c`	`P-M45`
I8145	1300 CE	Spain	Granada	M	`H`	`J-M304`
I8146	1300 CE	Spain	Granada	F	`H3a1`
I8147	1300 CE	Spain	Granada	U	`H1`
I10852	990 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`H6c`
I10853	993 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	M	`U4a1`	`E-CTS5856`
I10897	1040 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`I1c`
I10851	887 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`H3`
I10892	750 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	F	`H1e1a3`
I10895	774 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	M	`H1ap1`	`R-S1911`
I10854	990 CE	Spain	Catalonia. Girona. Sant Julià de Ramis	M	`H1n-a`	`BT-M42`
I2470	1412 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`J2a1a1`	`R-P312`
I2472	1533 BCE	Spain	Basque Country. Araba/Álava. Laguardia. El Sotillo	M	`K1a-a4`	`R-P310`
I12208	1400 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Valladolid. San Román de Hornija. La Requejada	F	`K1a1b1`
I12209	1400 BCE	Spain	Castilla y León. Valladolid. San Román de Hornija. La Requejada	M	`H1ah`	`R-DF27`
I3493	1422 BCE	Spain	Salamanca. Aldeaseca de la Frontera. Tordillos	F	`H1`
I7594	3518 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	F	`U5b2b5`
I7597	4000 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	U	`J2b1a`	`CT-M168`
I7598	3622 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	M	`U5b3`	`G-PF3148`
I7601	3644 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	M	`X2b-a`	`G-PF3148`
I7600	4000 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	F	`K1a2a`
I7595	3518 BCE	Spain	Alicante. Alcoi. Llometes	F	`U5b2b5`
I7160	4042 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`T2c1d`
I3214	3400 BCE	Spain	Asturias. Soto de las Regueras. Cueva de la Paloma	M	`V3`	`H-P96`
I11306	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	F	`J2b1a2`
I11305	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`J1c1b`	`G-FGC34625`
I11303	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	F	`H1j`
I10287	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`T2b3-a`	`I-M223`
I11304	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`U5a2-a`	`I-M223`
I10277	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`X2c1`	`I-M26`
I10278	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`U5b1`	`I-M423`
I10280	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`J1c1`	`G-PF3378`
I10283	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`H`	`I-P215`
I10284	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`U5b1`	`I-P214`
I10285	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	F	`T2b`
I10286	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`U5b1`	`I-M170`
I10282	3400 BCE	Spain	Barcelona. Cova de la Guineu	M	`K1a3`	`BT-M42`
I11300	3500 BCE	Spain	Basque Country	F	`J2a1a1`
I11301	3500 BCE	Spain	Basque Country	F	`H1j8`
I11249	3500 BCE	Spain	Basque Country	M	`U5b1`	`I-BY37398`
I11248	3500 BCE	Spain	Basque Country	M	`J2a1a1`	`I-BY37398`
I8134	4700 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`U5b3`
I7679	4300 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`H`
I7547	4300 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`K1a-a4`
I7549	4300 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`K1a4a1`
I7550	4700 BCE	Spain	Cádiz. San Fernando. Campo de Hockey	F	`K1b1a`
I7602	3500 BCE	Spain	Mandubi Zelaia	M	`J1c1`	`I-BY37398`
I7603	3500 BCE	Spain	Mandubi Zelaia	M	`K1a2b`	`I-BY37398`
I7605	3500 BCE	Spain	Mandubi Zelaia	M	`H3`	`I-S10631`
I7606	3500 BCE	Spain	Mandubi Zelaia	M	`U5b1-a1`	`I-BY37398`
I7604	3500 BCE	Spain	Mandubi Zelaia	M	`H1ak`	`I-S10631`
I7642	2909 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	M	`J2b1a`	`I-S9403`
I7643	3952 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	M	`K1a1b1`	`H-SK1180`
I7644	3635 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	M		`I-L1498`
I7646	3711 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	F	`H1e1c`
I7647	4045 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	M	`K1b1a1c`	`F-M89`
I7645	3981 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. Alacant/Alicante. Alcoi. Les Llometes	M	`HV0d`	`I-P37`
I8567	3500 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. Bocairent. La Coveta Emparetà	M	`X2b-a`	`H-BY84221`
I8568	3496 BCE	Spain	Valencian Community. València/Valencia. Bocairent. La Coveta Emparetà	F	`X2b-a`
I3807	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`U6a2`	`E-L19`
I3808	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	F	`H1`
I3810	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	F	`L2e1`
I7424	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	F	`U5b1-a1`
I7425	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	F	`W6a`
I3809	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`U6a3b`	`R-L21`
I7423	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`H20c`	`R-L151`
I7426	1500 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Mondújar (Lecrín). Nécropolis de Torna Alta	M	`H`	`CT-M168`
I3980	483 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Paseíllos universitarios-Fuentenueva	F	`H1e1c`
I3981	400 CE	Spain	Andalusia. Granada. Paseíllos universitarios-Fuentenueva	M	`T2b32`	`E-Z1231`
I8343	647 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`J1c2c2`	`R-M269`
I8474	100 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`U5a1a2b`
I8475	100 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`T2b`
I8338	79 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`HV0-a`
I8339	125 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`K1a-a4`
I10866	44 BCE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	F	`K1b2a`
I10865	100 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`U5a1a1`	`L-M20`
I8202	100 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`K2b1`	`R-L151`
I8216	80 CE	Spain	Girona. Empuries. necropolis Centre de Visitants	M	`H1`	`J-L620`
I4055	200 CE	Spain	Granada. Plaza Einstein	M	`U3a1`	`T-L490`
I3983	261 CE	Spain	Granada. Plaza Einstein	M	`H4a1c2`	`J-Z1847`
I4054	200 CE	Spain	Granada. Plaza Einstein	M	`H4a1c2`	`J-Z1847`
I3982	200 CE	Spain	Granada. Plaza Einstein	F	`HV0-a`
I7158	200 CE	Spain	Tarragona. Mas Gassol. Alcover	M	`T2b11`
I6490	200 CE	Spain	Tarragona. Mas Gassol. Alcover	F	`K1c2`
I6492	200 CE	Spain	Tarragona. Mas Gassol. Alcover	M	`T2b11`	`R-L21`
I6491	200 CE	Spain	Tarragona. Mas Gassol. Alcover	M	`H4a1a`	`R-M207`
I10899	40000 BCE	Spain	Andalusia. Piñar. Granada. Cueva de la Carigüela	M	`U5b1`	`I-Z2699`
I8571	1800 BCE	Spain	Castell. Cabanes. Túmulo Mortorum	U	`K1a2c`	`P-M45`
I3866	600 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	M	`U5a1b1`	`R-M269`
I3775	600 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	M	`H3t`	`R-L389`
I3776	600 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	F	`U5a1i1`
I3777	600 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	F	`V17`
I3778	600 CE	Spain	Barcelona. Roda de Ter. L'Esquerda	M	`H4a1`	`R-M269`
I12164	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`C4a1a-a`
I12033	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`V`	`I-M253`
I12030	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`J1c3g`
I12032	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`C4a1a-a`	`R-L51`
I12031	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`H1e2`	`E-BY28635`
I12034	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`W6a`
I12163	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	F	`J2b1a-a`
I12162	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`U5b1b1d`	`J-CTS1192`
I12029	500 CE	Spain	Girona. Pla de l'Horta	M	`U5a1a1d`	`E-BY28635`
I3583	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`HV0f`	`E-L618`
I3576	421 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`T2c1a2`	`R-PH3162`
I3582	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`K1b1a`	`R-Z211`
I3574	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	F	`U5b1-a1`
I3575	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`U5b1-a1`	`I-BY421`
I3577	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	F	`H5b`
I3578	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	F	`HV0f`
I3579	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	M	`H1e1a6`	`E-Z1919`
I3581	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Montefrío. El Castillón	F	`H3`
I3585	675 CE	Spain	Granada. Ventas de Zafarraya	M	`H1`	`R-BY25512`
I3584	400 CE	Spain	Granada. Ventas de Zafarraya	M	`H`	`J-CTS7683`

Chapter IV

Analysis

Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings

Important Disclaimer: This review has been performed semi-automatically and is provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, this analysis may contain errors, omissions, or misinterpretations of the original research. DNA Genics disclaims all liability for any inaccuracies, errors, or consequences arising from the use of this information. Users should independently verify all information and consult original research publications before making any decisions based on this content. This analysis is not intended as a substitute for professional scientific review or medical advice.

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Publication Details

Authors

Abstract

Ancient DNA Samples

Analysis

Analysis In Progress

Summary

Key Findings

Ancestry Insights

Traits Analysis

Historical Context

Scientific Assessment

Explore More Research

The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Publication Details

Authors

Abstract

Ancient DNA Samples

Analysis

Analysis In Progress

Summary

Key Findings

Ancestry Insights

Traits Analysis

Historical Context

Scientific Assessment

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