Admixture Calculator

Global Ancestry K23 2013

**Global Ancestry K23 (2013)** — a 23‑component admixture model for worldwide users. It estimates regional ancestry proportions using 24 reference populations across Africa, Europe, Asia, Oceania and the Americas. Ideal for genealogy and population research, it offers fine-scale European and African substructure plus Asian, Near Eastern, Melanesian and Native American signals—interpretable proxies of historic gene flows.

23 Components

World Target Region

DNA Genics Author

Modern Era

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Chapter I

Calculator Details

Comprehensive information about this admixture calculator

Author DNA Genics

Era Modern

Components 23 Populations

Target Region World

Created March 2023

DNA Genics

Calculator Creator

About This Calculator

**Global Ancestry K23 (2013)** This calculator implements a 23-component global admixture model (K23) built from 24 curated reference populations spanning Africa, Europe, Asia, Oceania and the Americas. It analyzes a single autosomal genotype file to estimate the proportionate contribution of regional ancestries in an individual's genome, returning a compact, interpretable breakdown of genetic affinities. Who it's for - Researchers, genetic genealogy enthusiasts, and curious consumers seeking a higher-resolution, globally-aware admixture profile. - People with mixed or uncertain ancestry who want to explore continental and subcontinental signals beyond coarse categories. What it measures - Proportional ancestry from modeled source groups such as **North Africa, Benin–Togo, Nigeria, Senegal, Mali, Southeastern Bantu, Ivory Coast–Ghana,** and **Southcentral Hunter‑Gatherers** for African structure. - Detailed European components: **West Europe, East Europe, Great Britain, Ireland, Iberian Peninsula, Italy–Greece, Scandinavia, Finland–NW Russia**. - West Asian and Caucasus signals: **Near East, Caucasus**. - Asian and steppe-related contributions: **Central Asia, South Asia, East Asia**. - Oceanian and Indigenous signals: **Melanesia, Native American**. Historical and genetic context - Each reference acts as a modern or proxy population representing historical gene flows (e.g., Bantu expansion, Eurasian farmer and steppe movements, trans‑Saharan and Atlantic coast West African variation, Austronesian/Oceanian and Native American ancestries). - Results indicate affinities, not precise origins; components summarize genomes relative to the chosen reference panel and reflect both recent admixture and deeper shared ancestry. Why it’s valuable - High-resolution regional breakdown helps disentangle complex multi-continental backgrounds. - Useful for comparative projects, population studies, and personal exploration when combined with careful interpretation. Reference po

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Chapter II

Reference Populations

The populations used as genetic references in this calculator

23 Reference Populations

Africa

North Africa: Berber, Moroccan
Description: Indigenous groups with rich histories, primarily distributed in modern-day Algeria, Morocco, and other Maghreb regions.
Southcentral Hunter-Gatherers: Khoisan, San, Kung
Description: Indigenous peoples known for their hunter-gatherer lifestyle in southern Africa.
Southeastern Bantu: Xhosa, Zulu, Shona, Ndebele, Swazi, Venda
Description: Ethnic groups predominantly found in southeastern Africa, with diverse languages and cultures.
Benin-Togo: Fon, Ewe, Mina, Kabye, Aja
Description: West African groups with vibrant cultures and languages.
Cameroon-Congo: Fang, Bantu, Pygmy, Mbere, Kongo, Luba
Description: Central African populations with varied lifestyles from urban to traditional.
Ivory Coast-Ghana: Akan, Baoule
Description: West African ethnic groups known for their rich cultural heritages.
Nigeria: Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo
Description: Among the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria, each with distinct cultures and languages.
Senegal: Wolof, Fula, Serer, Mandinka, Jola, Soninke
Description: Diverse ethnic groups with deep historical roots in West Africa.

Asia

Central Asia: Uzbek, Kazakh, Turkmen, Tajik, Uighur, Kirghiz
Description: Ethnic groups from the Central Asian steppe, with historical ties to nomadic cultures.
East Asia: Han Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Mongolian, Tibetan
Description: Populations from East Asia known for ancient civilizations and diverse cultures.
South Asia: Sindhi, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil
Description: Major ethnic groups in South Asia, each with unique languages and traditions.

Europe

East Europe: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Polish
Description: Ethnic groups in Eastern Europe, sharing Slavic linguistic roots.
West Europe: German, French, British
Description: Western European populations with significant historical and cultural influence.
Finland Northwest Russia: Finnish, Russian
Description: Groups with Finno-Ugric and Slavic roots in Northern Europe.
Great Britain: Southern English
Description: Population from southern regions of England with distinct cultural identity.
Iberian Peninsula: Spanish, Portuguese, Basque
Description: Ethnic groups from the Iberian Peninsula, each with unique languages and identities.
Ireland: Irish
Description: Native people of Ireland with a strong cultural heritage.
Italy Greece: Italian, Greek, Albanian, Sicilian, Sardinian, Calabrian
Description: Diverse ethnic groups from Southern Europe with deep historic roots.
Scandinavia: Scandinavian, Norwegian, Swedish
Description: Peoples of Northern Europe known for Viking heritage and distinct languages.

Caucasus

Caucasus: Georgian, Armenian, Azerbaijan, Chechen, Ingush, Dagestani
Description: Ethnic groups from the mountainous Caucasus region, with rich cultural histories.

Near East

Near East: Armenian, Lebanese, Turkish, Kurdish, Persian
Description: Populations from the Near East, known for ancient civilizations and diversity.

Other Regions

Mali: Bambara, Dogon
Description: Ethnic groups from Mali, with unique cultures often tied to agrarian lifestyles.
Melanesia: Melanesian
Description: Indigenous peoples of Melanesia, with diverse cultures spread across Oceania.
Native American: Navajo, Cherokee, Creek
Description: Indigenous peoples of the Americas with rich cultural and historical backgrounds.

Chapter III

Understanding Admixture Analysis

Learn how admixture calculators work and how to interpret your results

What is Admixture Analysis?

Admixture analysis is a method used to estimate your genetic ancestry by comparing your DNA to reference populations from around the world. Think of it as creating a recipe of your genetic makeup, where the ingredients are different ancestral populations.

This calculator uses 23 carefully selected modern populations as references, allowing for a detailed breakdown of your genetic heritage.

How It Works

Your DNA is compared to 23 reference populations
Modern populations are used as genetic references
Results show your genetic similarity to these populations
More accurate with a diverse reference panel

Understanding Your Results

Your results will show percentages of genetic similarity to these reference populations. Remember these important points:

Results reflect genetic similarity, not direct ancestry
Modern populations are used as references
Percentages indicate relative genetic contribution
Results are estimates based on available reference data