Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory
Lipson M, Cheronet O, Mallick S et al.
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from 18 Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100 to 1700 years ago). Early farmers from Man Bac in Vietnam exhibit a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese agriculturalist) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. By the Bronze Age, in a parallel pattern to Europe, sites in Vietnam and Myanmar show close connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting substantial additional influxes of migrants.
Ancient DNA Samples
46 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I7238 | 1250 BCE | Myanmar | Oakaie | F | D4h1c |
|
| MA107 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| MA112 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| MA113 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| MA115 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| MA117 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| MA119 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
|
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| MA122 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| MA124 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| MA126 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| MA128 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| TN102 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN105 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN106 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| TN110 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| TN112 | 2000 CE | Thailand | U | |
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| TN115 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN122 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN123 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN125 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
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| TN147 | 2000 CE | Thailand | M | |
|
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| I4458 | 777 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | F | M |
|
| I4458 | 777 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | F | M |
|
| I8974 | 1200 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | F | R |
|
| I8977 | 1200 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | M | B5a1c |
NO-M214 |
| I8970 | 600 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | M | M72a |
NO-M214 |
| I8978 | 1500 BCE | Thailand | Ban Chiang | F | |
|
| I0626 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | B5a1a |
O-CTS2483 |
| I0627 | 2133 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | F | M7b1a1 |
|
| I1137 | 1882 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | M7b1a1 |
O-F3386 |
| I1859 | 1889 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | F | M13b |
|
| I2497 | 100 BCE | Vietnam | Nui Nap | F | C7a |
|
| I2731 | 1872 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | M74b |
O-F2028 |
| I2726 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | F1a1a1 |
O-CTS3106 |
| I2948 | 44 BCE | Vietnam | Nui Nap | M | M8a2 |
K-M9 |
| I2948 | 44 BCE | Vietnam | Nui Nap | M | M8a2 |
K-M9 |
| I2497 | 100 BCE | Vietnam | Nui Nap | F | C7a |
|
| I2731 | 1872 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | M74b |
O-F2028 |
| I10973 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | |
|
| I2726 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | F1a1a1 |
O-CTS3106 |
| I2947 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | F | M7b |
|
| I0626 | 2200 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | B5a1a |
O-CTS2483 |
| I0627 | 2133 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | F | M7b1a1 |
|
| I1135 | 1876 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | M7b1a1 |
CT-M168 |
| I1137 | 1882 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | M | M7b1a1 |
O-F3386 |
| I1859 | 1889 BCE | Vietnam | Man Bac | F | M13b |
|
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
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