Research Publication
Parallel palaeogenomic transects reveal complex genetic history of early European farmers
Lipson M, Szécsényi-Nagy A, Mallick S et al.
29144465
PubMed ID
57
Authors
11/16/2017
Published
177
Samples
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Chapter I
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Chapter II
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
Ancient DNA studies have established that Neolithic European populations were descended from Anatolian migrants who received a limited amount of admixture from resident hunter-gatherers. Many open questions remain, however, about the spatial and temporal dynamics of population interactions and admixture during the Neolithic period. Here we investigate the population dynamics of Neolithization across Europe using a high-resolution genome-wide ancient DNA dataset with a total of 180 samples, of which 130 are newly reported here, from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods of Hungary (6000-2900 bc, n = 100), Germany (5500-3000 bc, n = 42) and Spain (5500-2200 bc, n = 38). We find that genetic diversity was shaped predominantly by local processes, with varied sources and proportions of hunter-gatherer ancestry among the three regions and through time. Admixture between groups with different ancestry profiles was pervasive and resulted in observable population transformation across almost all cultural transitions. Our results shed new light on the ways in which gene flow reshaped European populations throughout the Neolithic period and demonstrate the potential of time-series-based sampling and modelling approaches to elucidate multiple dimensions of historical population interactions.
Chapter III
Ancient DNA Samples
177 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
177 Samples
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I0046 | 5211 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2c1 |
|
| I0659 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | N1a1a1a2 |
G-PF3148 |
| I0048 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | K1-a |
G-PF3146 |
| I1550 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K1a2 |
|
| I0821 | 5205 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | X2d1 |
G-PF3148 |
| I0057 | 5215 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | N1a1a1 |
|
| I2005 | 5299 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2b |
|
| I2008 | 5211 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | N1a1a1 |
|
| I2016 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | V1 |
|
| I2017 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K2a |
|
| I2021 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | T2b |
G-PF3146 |
| I2026 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | N1a1a1a3 |
G-PF3146 |
| I2029 | 5299 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K1 |
|
| I2030 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | H26* |
|
| I2032 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | J1c |
|
| I2036 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | V1 |
|
| I2037 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | H1e* |
G-PF3148 |
| I2038 | 5350 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2b |
|
| I0046 | 5211 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2c1 |
|
| I0659 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | N1a1a1a2 |
G-PF3148 |
| I0821 | 5205 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | X2d1 |
G-PF3148 |
| I1550 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K1a2 |
|
| I2030 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | H26* |
|
| I0048 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | K1-a |
G-PF3146 |
| I2036 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | V1 |
|
| I0057 | 5215 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | N1a1a1 |
|
| I2038 | 5350 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2b |
|
| I2032 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | J1c |
|
| I2029 | 5299 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K1 |
|
| I2037 | 5210 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | H1e* |
G-PF3148 |
| I2026 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | N1a1a1a3 |
G-PF3146 |
| I2008 | 5211 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | N1a1a1 |
|
| I2016 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | V1 |
|
| I2017 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | K2a |
|
| I2021 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | T2b |
G-PF3146 |
| I2005 | 5299 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2b |
|
| I0056 | 5211 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | T2b |
G-PF3146 |
| I0100 | 5205 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | N1a1a1a |
|
| I2014 | 5204 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | N1a1a1a3 |
G-L89 |
| I2020 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | M | K1a2 |
G-PF3146 |
| I2022 | 5500 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | T2b |
|
| I0018 | 5307 BCE | Germany | Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart-Mühlhausen. Viesenhaeuser Hof | F | T2c1d1 |
|
| I1594 | 3338 BCE | Germany | Blatterhole Cave | M | J1c1b1 |
R1 |
| I1593 | 3644 BCE | Germany | Blatterhole Cave | M | U5b2a2 |
R1b1 |
| I1563 | 3626 BCE | Germany | Blatterhole Cave | F | H5 |
|
| I1565 | 3725 BCE | Germany | Blatterhole Cave | M | U5b2b2 |
I-P37 |
| I1560 | 3800 BCE | Germany | Erwitte-Schmerlecke | M | J2b1a |
I-M170 |
| I0802 | 3400 BCE | Germany | Salzmünde-Schiepzig | M | H3* |
IJK |
| I0800 | 3348 BCE | Germany | Salzmünde-Schiepzig | F | H3-b* |
|
| I0166 | 4600 BCE | Germany | Halberstadt-Sonntagsfeld | F | V1a |
|
| I0447 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Hódmezővásárhely-Gorzsa. grave 4 | F | T1a |
|
| I2373 | 6000 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklos Tiszapüspöki Karanycs haromag 3. lh. | F | H |
|
| I1877 | 5713 BCE | Hungary | Alsonyek-Bataszek. Mérnöki telep | M | X2d1 |
G-PF3430 |
| I3535 | 5217 BCE | Hungary | Hajdúnánás-Eszlári út | M | J2b1 |
I-SK1271 |
| I3536 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Enese elkerülő. Kóny. Proletár-dülö. M85. Site 2 | F | T2b |
|
| I3537 | 5479 BCE | Hungary | Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás | F | HV |
|
| I4188 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Polgár-Piócás | M | K1a1 |
I-M223 |
| I2739 | 5307 BCE | Hungary | Alsónyék-Bátaszék. site 11 | M | T2c1 |
G-PF3430 |
| I2790 | 3768 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | F | N1a1a3 |
|
| I2791 | 3649 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | M | U5a1c1 |
I-PF3892 |
| I2793 | 4442 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklós. road 4. site 3 | M | H1 |
I-CTS10057 |
| I1895 | 5318 BCE | Hungary | Szederkény-Kukorica-dülö | F | H26 |
|
| I1902 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Felsőörs-Bárókert | M | H44 |
J-Z6061 |
| I1905 | 4834 BCE | Hungary | Csabdi-Télizöldes | M | T2b |
I-L596 |
| I1907 | 4334 BCE | Hungary | Enese elkerülő. Kóny. Proletár-dülö. M85. Site 2 | F | K2a |
|
| I1878 | 5830 BCE | Hungary | Alsonyek-Bataszek. Mérnöki telep | M | T1a2 |
H-FT1572 |
| I2366 | 3340 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | H26a |
G-CTS9737 |
| I2367 | 3333 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | HV |
G-PF3345 |
| I2384 | 5305 BCE | Hungary | Hajdúnánás-Eszlári út | M | K1-a |
I-SK1271 |
| I2357 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony Ledence 1 | F | H1e |
|
| I4189 | 4300 BCE | Hungary | Alsónyék. site 11 | F | T2b |
|
| I1907 | 4334 BCE | Hungary | Enese elkerülő. Kóny. Proletár-dülö. M85. Site 2 | F | K2a |
|
| I1908 | 4300 BCE | Hungary | Keszthely-Fenékpuszta. Pusztaszentegyházi-dűlő | F | J2b1a |
|
| I1909 | 4239 BCE | Hungary | Lánycsók. Csata-alja | F | T2f8a |
|
| I2351 | 4300 BCE | Hungary | Tolna-Mözs TO3 | F | T2c1d |
|
| I2394 | 4341 BCE | Hungary | Veszprém Jutasi út | M | H40 |
CT |
| I2395 | 4500 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | M | H26 |
G-L30 |
| I2353 | 4500 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | M | T2c1 |
I-P37 |
| I2354 | 4500 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | M | T2c1 |
G-CTS5990 |
| I2356 | 4500 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | M | T2c1 |
G-L30 |
| I2793 | 4442 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklós. road 4. site 3 | M | H1 |
I-CTS10057 |
| I4971 | 5737 BCE | Hungary | Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza | M | K1 |
I-S2599 |
| I4972 | 6000 BCE | Hungary | Tiszaszőlős-Domaháza | F | J1c1b |
|
| I2373 | 6000 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklos Tiszapüspöki Karanycs haromag 3. lh. | F | H |
|
| I2374 | 6000 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklos Tiszapüspöki Karanycs haromag 3. lh. | M | K1a4 |
G-L140 |
| I2794 | 5713 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklós. road 4. site 3 | F | K1-a |
|
| I1878 | 5830 BCE | Hungary | Alsonyek-Bataszek. Mérnöki telep | M | T1a2 |
H-FT1572 |
| I1876 | 5656 BCE | Hungary | Alsonyek-Bataszek. Mérnöki telep | M | K1a4 |
G-PF3148 |
| I1877 | 5713 BCE | Hungary | Alsonyek-Bataszek. Mérnöki telep | M | X2d1 |
G-PF3430 |
| I1880 | 5800 BCE | Hungary | Lánycsók. Gata-Csatola | M | W5 |
G-PF3378 |
| I2373 | 6000 BCE | Hungary | Törökszentmiklos Tiszapüspöki Karanycs haromag 3. lh. | F | H |
|
| I2370 | 3345 BCE | Hungary | Alsónémedi | F | T2b |
|
| I2371 | 3361 BCE | Hungary | Alsónémedi | M | U5b3f |
G-PF3146 |
| I2752 | 3600 BCE | Hungary | Balatonlelle-Felső-Gamász | M | K1a1 |
I2a1 |
| I2753 | 3333 BCE | Hungary | Balatonlelle-Felső-Gamász | M | U5a1 |
I-M26 |
| I2754 | 3338 BCE | Hungary | Balatonlelle-Felső-Gamász | M | J1c |
I-P37 |
| I2755 | 3600 BCE | Hungary | Balatonlelle-Felső-Gamász | M | U8b1a1 |
I-P37 |
| I2367 | 3333 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | HV |
G-PF3345 |
| I2366 | 3340 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | H26a |
G-CTS9737 |
| I2368 | 3300 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | U5b |
G2a2b2a |
| I2369 | 3370 BCE | Hungary | Budakalász-Luppa csárda | M | J2a1a1 |
G-CTS5990 |
| I2785 | 3600 BCE | Hungary | Vámosgyörk MHAT telep | F | T2c2 |
|
| I2763 | 3363 BCE | Hungary | Vörs | F | T2f |
|
| I2788 | 3910 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | M | H |
G-L140 |
| I2789 | 3800 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | M | J1c3b |
I-BY421 |
| I2791 | 3649 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | M | U5a1c1 |
I-PF3892 |
| I2790 | 3768 BCE | Hungary | Abony. Turjányos-dűlő | F | N1a1a3 |
|
| I1903 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Bátaszék-Lajvér | M | T2f |
H1b1 |
| I1906 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Csabdi-Télizöldes | M | H |
H-P96 |
| I1905 | 4834 BCE | Hungary | Csabdi-Télizöldes | M | T2b |
I-L596 |
| I1902 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Felsőörs-Bárókert | M | H44 |
J-Z6061 |
| I1899 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Veszprém Jutasi út | M | T2b |
C |
| I1900 | 4797 BCE | Hungary | Veszprém Jutasi út | M | W1 |
E-L618 |
| I1901 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Veszprém Jutasi út | M | J1c2 |
G-PF3148 |
| I2352 | 4900 BCE | Hungary | Veszprém Jutasi út | M | U8b1a2b |
H-L901 |
| I4185 | 5026 BCE | Hungary | Alsónyék-Elkerülö 2 | M | T2c1 |
J-M410 |
| I1893 | 5034 BCE | Hungary | Alsónyék-Elkerülő 2 | M | U8b1b |
G2a |
| I1890 | 5100 BCE | Hungary | Fajsz Garadomb | M | HV0a |
I-CTS2257 |
| I1891 | 5203 BCE | Hungary | Fajsz Garadomb | F | H |
|
| I4183 | 4928 BCE | Hungary | Szemely-Hegyes | M | K1b1a |
G-M201 |
| I4184 | 4932 BCE | Hungary | Szemely-Hegyes | F | K1-a |
|
| I0449 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Hódmezővásárhely-Gorzsa. grave 18 | M | U5b2c |
I2a1 |
| I0447 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Hódmezővásárhely-Gorzsa. grave 4 | F | T1a |
|
| I2387 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Hódmezővásárhely-Kökénydomb Vörös tanya | M | K1b1 |
I-P215 |
| I2358 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | F | K1a4 |
|
| I2359 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | F | T2f |
|
| I2746 | 5000 BCE | Hungary | Vésztő-Mágor | M | H26 |
G-P15 |
| I2783 | 4228 BCE | Hungary | Nemesnádudvar-Papföld. M9/7 lh. | M | T2b23 |
CT |
| I4186 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Ebes-Sajtgyár | F | K1-a |
|
| I4187 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Ebes-Zsongvölgy | M | V1a |
H-P96 |
| I2743 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Cegléd. site 4/1 | M | H |
G-P303 |
| I2744 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Cegléd. site 4/1 | M | J2b1 |
G-P303 |
| I2745 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Cegléd. site 4/1 | F | J1c1 |
|
| I2357 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony Ledence 1 | F | H1e |
|
| I2355 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Pusztataskony-Ledence I | F | T2c1d1 |
|
| I2380 | 5500 BCE | Hungary | Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás | F | K1a1 |
|
| I2382 | 5500 BCE | Hungary | Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás | M | U8b1b |
H-P96 |
| I3537 | 5479 BCE | Hungary | Mezőkövesd-Mocsolyás | F | HV |
|
| I2378 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Hejőkürt-Lidl logisztikai központ | M | U8b1b |
I-L1228 |
| I2379 | 5209 BCE | Hungary | Hejőkürt-Lidl logisztikai központ | M | N1a1a1 |
I-CTS10057 |
| I2375 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Tiszadob-Ó-Kenéz | M | H7 |
I-L702 |
| I2376 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Tiszadob-Ó-Kenéz | M | HV0a |
H-L901 |
| I2377 | 5210 BCE | Hungary | Tiszadob-Ó-Kenéz | M | J1c2 |
I2a2a |
| I4199 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Tiszadob-Ó-Kenéz | F | U5b2b1a |
|
| I2383 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Hajdúnánás-Eszlári út | M | T2b23 |
G-L89 |
| I2384 | 5305 BCE | Hungary | Hajdúnánás-Eszlári út | M | K1-a |
I2 |
| I3535 | 5217 BCE | Hungary | Hajdúnánás-Eszlári út | M | J2b1 |
I-SK1271 |
| I4188 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Polgár-Piócás | M | K1a1 |
I-M223 |
| I2739 | 5307 BCE | Hungary | Alsónyék-Bátaszék. site 11 | M | T2c1 |
G-PF3430 |
| I1904 | 5209 BCE | Hungary | Bátaszék-Lajvér | M | K1b1a |
G-PF3148 |
| I4181 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Bölcske-Gyűrűsvölgy | F | H |
|
| I4196 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Budakeszi. Szőlőskert-Tangazdaság | F | U2 |
|
| I1882 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Budakeszi. Szőlőskert-Tangazdaság | M | T1a |
G-P303 |
| I3536 | 5300 BCE | Hungary | Enese elkerülő. Kóny. Proletár-dülö. M85. Site 2 | F | T2b |
|
| I1883 | 5303 BCE | Hungary | Tolna-Mözs TO26 | M | K1a1a |
G2a |
| I1889 | 5205 BCE | Hungary | Szederkény-Kukorica-dülö | M | K1a2 |
G2a2a |
| I1895 | 5318 BCE | Hungary | Szederkény-Kukorica-dülö | F | H26 |
|
| I1896 | 5317 BCE | Hungary | Szederkény-Kukorica-dülö | M | K2a |
G-PF3346 |
| I1887 | 5400 BCE | Hungary | Versend-Gilencsa | M | T2b |
H-P96 |
| I1894 | 5400 BCE | Hungary | Versend-Gilencsa | F | U2 |
|
| I1885 | 5363 BCE | Hungary | Versend-Gilencsa | F | T2b23 |
|
| I3273 | 3606 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. La Chabola de la Hechicera | F | J2a1a1 |
|
| I3276 | 3096 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Alto de la Huesera | M | V |
G-PF3146 |
| I3276 | 3096 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Alto de la Huesera | M | V |
G2a2a |
| I1981 | 3013 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Alto de la Huesera | F | J1c1 |
|
| I1843 | 3015 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Alto de la Huesera | F | U5b1-a1 |
|
| I2467 | 2474 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. El Sotillo | M | X2b |
I-M223 |
| I3272 | 3307 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. La Chabola de la Hechicera | M | X2b |
I-M223 |
| I1975 | 3092 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. La Chabola de la Hechicera | M | J1c1 |
I-P214 |
| I3269 | 3000 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Las Yurdinas II | M | U5b2b3a |
I2a2a |
| I3270 | 3000 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Las Yurdinas II | F | J2a1a1 |
|
| I3271 | 3000 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Las Yurdinas II | F | K1a4a1 |
|
| I1838 | 3356 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. Las Yurdinas II | F | J1c3ac |
|
| I5838 | 2900 BCE | Spain | Burgos. Atapuerca. El Mirador Cave | M | K1-a15 |
I2a2a |
| I1972 | 4836 BCE | Spain | Burgos. El Prado de Pancorbo | F | K1a4a1 |
|
| I2199 | 5214 BCE | Spain | Burgos. El Prado de Pancorbo | F | H1 |
|
| I3273 | 3606 BCE | Spain | Basque Country. Alava. La Chabola de la Hechicera | F | J2a1a1 |
|
Chapter IV
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
Important Disclaimer: This review has been performed semi-automatically and is provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, this analysis may contain errors, omissions, or misinterpretations of the original research. DNA Genics disclaims all liability for any inaccuracies, errors, or consequences arising from the use of this information. Users should independently verify all information and consult original research publications before making any decisions based on this content. This analysis is not intended as a substitute for professional scientific review or medical advice.