Early human dispersals within the Americas
Moreno-Mayar JV, Vinner L, de Barros Damgaard P et al.
Publication Details
Comprehensive information about this research publication
Abstract
Summary of the research findings
Studies of the peopling of the Americas have focused on the timing and number of initial migrations. Less attention has been paid to the subsequent spread of people within the Americas. We sequenced 15 ancient human genomes spanning from Alaska to Patagonia; six are ≥10,000 years old (up to ~18× coverage). All are most closely related to Native Americans, including those from an Ancient Beringian individual and two morphologically distinct "Paleoamericans." We found evidence of rapid dispersal and early diversification that included previously unknown groups as people moved south. This resulted in multiple independent, geographically uneven migrations, including one that provides clues of a Late Pleistocene Australasian genetic signal, as well as a later Mesoamerican-related expansion. These led to complex and dynamic population histories from North to South America.
Ancient DNA Samples
34 ancient DNA samples referenced in this publication
| Sample ID | Date/Era | Country | Locality | Sex | mtDNA | Y-DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aconcagua | 1400 CE | Argentina | Cerro Aconcagua. Mendoza Province | M | C1b |
Q-M3 |
| Aconcagua | 1400 CE | Argentina | Cerro Aconcagua. Mendoza Province | M | C1b |
Q-M3 |
| Sumidouro4 | 8300 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| Sumidouro5 | 8612 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D4h3a |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro6 | 8293 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro7 | 8422 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro8 | 8172 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | F | D4h3a |
|
| Sumidouro5 | 8612 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D4h3a |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro6 | 8293 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro4 | 8300 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| Sumidouro7 | 8422 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| Sumidouro8 | 8172 BCE | Brazil | Caverna do Sumidouro. Lagoa Santa. Brazil | F | D4h3a |
|
| 19651 | 3796 BCE | Canada | Northwest | F | A2 |
|
| 19651 | 3796 BCE | Canada | Northwest | F | A2 |
|
| SA5832 | 5634 BCE | Chile | Punta Santa Ana. Patagonia. Chile | F | |
|
| A460 | 3364 BCE | Chile | Ayayema Cave. Patagonia | M | |
Q-M902 |
| SA5832 | 5634 BCE | Chile | Punta Santa Ana. Patagonia. Chile | F | |
|
| A460 | 3364 BCE | Chile | Ayayema Cave. Patagonia | M | |
Q-M902 |
| Andaman | 1800 CE | India | Great Andaman Island | M | M* |
P-F20148 |
| Andaman | 1800 CE | India | Great Andaman Island | M | M* |
P-F20148 |
| Lovelock1 | 49 BCE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | D1 |
|
| Lovelock2 | 26 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | D1 |
|
| Lovelock3 | 1270 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | B2a1 |
|
| Lovelock4 | 126 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | M | D1 |
Q-YP3966 |
| AHUR_2064 | 9229 BCE | USA | Nevada. Spirit Cave | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| AHUR770c | 9252 BCE | USA | Nevada. Spirit Cave | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| TrailCreek | 7181 BCE | USA | Alaska. Trail Creek | F | B2* |
|
| Lovelock2 | 26 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | D1 |
|
| Lovelock1 | 49 BCE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | D1 |
|
| Lovelock4 | 126 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | M | D1 |
Q-YP3966 |
| Lovelock3 | 1270 CE | USA | Lovelock Cave. Nevada. US | F | B2a1 |
|
| AHUR_2064 | 9229 BCE | USA | Nevada. Spirit Cave | M | D1 |
Q-M902 |
| AHUR770c | 9252 BCE | USA | Nevada. Spirit Cave | M | D1 |
Q-M3 |
| TrailCreek | 7181 BCE | USA | Alaska. Trail Creek | F | B2 |
|
Analysis
Comprehensive review of ancestry and genetic findings
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